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Grokking phase transitions in learning local rules with gradient descent
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We discuss two solvable grokking (generalisation beyond overfitting) models in a rule learning scenario. We show that grokking is a phase transition and find exact analytic expressions for the critical exponents, grokking probability, and grokking time distribution. Further, we introduce a tensor-network map that connects the proposed grokking setup with the standard (perceptron) statistical learning theory and show that grokking is a consequence of the locality of the teacher model. As an example, we analyse the cellular automata learning task, numerically determine the critical exponent and the grokking time distributions and compare them with the prediction of the proposed grokking model. Finally, we numerically analyse the connection between structure formation and grokking.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Algebraic Representability as the Limiting Regime of Grokking: An Exactly Solvable Model with Holomorphic Activations
A task ma+nb mod p is representable by a z^k holomorphic network iff m+n=k; non-representable tasks cannot be memorised at any width.
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Let Me Grok for You: Accelerating Grokking via Embedding Transfer from a Weaker Model
GrokTransfer transfers an embedding learned by a small 'weaker' model to a larger model, eliminating the grokking delay so the target model generalizes almost immediately.
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BlueGlass: A Framework for Composite AI Safety
BlueGlass provides composite AI safety infrastructure; its case studies on object-detection VLMs reveal dataset trade-offs, a decoder-layer phase transition in probe accuracy, and SAE-discovered concepts including spu...
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Grokking Explained: A Statistical Phenomenon
Grokking can be triggered systematically by shifting the training distribution through imbalanced subclass sampling, even with dense data and little hyperparameter tuning.
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