Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 42 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2212.13138.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2212.13138 v1

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 42 of 42 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 42 of 42 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-09T11:34:08.429334Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

260
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation 7d666164-e69e-43d1-9965-309b6f602f02 · inbound

The Flan Collection: Designing Data and Methods for Effective Instruction Tuning cites this paper.

The Flan Collection: Designing Data and Methods for Effective Instruction Tuning Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 53

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-24T09:14:16.514281Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation a74c4551-59df-4e96-a976-b03b27963460 · inbound

Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problems cites this paper.

Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problems Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 19

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T13:43:34.826596Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 2e29cc7d-190f-40ce-94f5-07ad63c188a1 · inbound

BloombergGPT: A Large Language Model for Finance cites this paper.

BloombergGPT: A Large Language Model for Finance Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 103

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T23:19:46.771895Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d410e540-54ed-4344-8e5f-c85668cf6dbc · inbound

Towards Expert-Level Medical Question Answering with Large Language Models cites this paper.

Towards Expert-Level Medical Question Answering with Large Language Models Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 109

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-24T04:32:33.623662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 8589acac-f27c-427e-9ce3-b7f3180081e4 · inbound

PMC-VQA: Visual Instruction Tuning for Medical Visual Question Answering cites this paper.

PMC-VQA: Visual Instruction Tuning for Medical Visual Question Answering Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 51

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T23:08:21.786965Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 8e1adf84-99d1-4ac9-86f9-3c77c807ed29 · inbound

Language Model Beats Diffusion -- Tokenizer is Key to Visual Generation cites this paper.

Language Model Beats Diffusion -- Tokenizer is Key to Visual Generation Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 254

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T20:06:44.583011Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 062df0b0-f55e-423e-a481-eadec4b02362 · inbound

Data-Centric Foundation Models in Computational Healthcare: A Survey cites this paper.

Data-Centric Foundation Models in Computational Healthcare: A Survey Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 273

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-24T04:13:52.702552Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 9af0dd2c-6225-4058-9295-bcb5075113dd · inbound

RAPTOR: Recursive Abstractive Processing for Tree-Organized Retrieval cites this paper.

RAPTOR: Recursive Abstractive Processing for Tree-Organized Retrieval Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 100

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T13:07:16.376861Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation e4959103-502a-4204-bb6d-9f94740e203c · inbound

Large Language Models: A Survey cites this paper.

Large Language Models: A Survey Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 76

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T15:22:55.159436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 82b2518e-d20a-486d-bacc-f656fe57a5b8 · inbound

MedBioLM: Optimizing Medical and Biological QA with Fine-Tuned Large Language Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation cites this paper.

MedBioLM: Optimizing Medical and Biological QA with Fine-Tuned Large Language Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T10:21:40.356127Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9ddd39df-653b-467e-80be-451e79416a6e · inbound

Open Foundation Models in Healthcare: Challenges, Paradoxes, and Opportunities with GenAI Driven Personalized Prescription cites this paper.

Open Foundation Models in Healthcare: Challenges, Paradoxes, and Opportunities with GenAI Driven Personalized Prescription Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T11:34:08.429334Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eaabcb7b-6d4a-4eea-84fe-0718de41beed · inbound

Towards an AI co-scientist cites this paper.

Towards an AI co-scientist Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 191

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T13:02:45.127857Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation cd141827-a263-4eca-a732-9bd6a7d46001 · inbound

RADAR: Enhancing Radiology Report Generation with Supplementary Knowledge Injection cites this paper.

RADAR: Enhancing Radiology Report Generation with Supplementary Knowledge Injection Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:41:32.759962Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7deb7b61-e76f-475f-905d-396f07556f15 · inbound

Teaching with Lies: Curriculum DPO on Synthetic Negatives for Hallucination Detection cites this paper.

Teaching with Lies: Curriculum DPO on Synthetic Negatives for Hallucination Detection Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:50:39.960124Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dfbda8b3-0a04-46b4-877a-8dc8a485c303 · inbound

Towards medical AI misalignment: a preliminary study cites this paper.

Towards medical AI misalignment: a preliminary study Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:52:16.426651Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 91f49d6f-26ff-4bbe-b62b-e91e0e6857e9 · inbound

Optimization-Inspired Few-Shot Adaptation for Large Language Models cites this paper.

Optimization-Inspired Few-Shot Adaptation for Large Language Models Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:24:31.620921Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8cb753e6-8cdb-4fcd-a9ed-f1580e58265c · inbound

CLONE: Customizing LLMs for Efficient Latency-Aware Inference at the Edge cites this paper.

CLONE: Customizing LLMs for Efficient Latency-Aware Inference at the Edge Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 120

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:20:30.361768Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cde0a6f5-1556-4104-8759-4def8eca8f1f · inbound

Balancing Knowledge Delivery and Emotional Comfort in Healthcare Conversational Systems cites this paper.

Balancing Knowledge Delivery and Emotional Comfort in Healthcare Conversational Systems Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:31:10.756132Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 76463205-ba45-4647-a386-41f30e0d104f · inbound

Essential-Web v1.0: 24T tokens of organized web data cites this paper.

Essential-Web v1.0: 24T tokens of organized web data Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:24:46.754327Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 71b41a9e-1ba7-4431-8cc0-3229ecba6faf · inbound

BioPars: A Pretrained Biomedical Large Language Model for Persian Biomedical Text Mining cites this paper.

BioPars: A Pretrained Biomedical Large Language Model for Persian Biomedical Text Mining Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:29:39.947142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a8193331-5fbf-4686-9ae6-9c4912db480e · inbound

Prompt Mechanisms in Medical Imaging: A Comprehensive Survey cites this paper.

Prompt Mechanisms in Medical Imaging: A Comprehensive Survey Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T22:02:24.821300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 57c349ba-47c9-4f76-b55b-d5fd9c45fcad · inbound

TRIDENT: Benchmarking LLM Safety in Finance, Medicine, and Law cites this paper.

TRIDENT: Benchmarking LLM Safety in Finance, Medicine, and Law Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:04:21.335741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2c1b99e2-db7c-47a8-8d74-dba40ec954e4 · inbound

Open-Source Agentic Hybrid RAG Framework for Scientific Literature Review cites this paper.

Open-Source Agentic Hybrid RAG Framework for Scientific Literature Review Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T11:12:15.952964Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7873690a-199b-4441-acbb-c4db10a24b0a · inbound

MedGemma vs GPT-4: Open-Source and Proprietary Zero-shot Medical Disease Classification from Images cites this paper.

MedGemma vs GPT-4: Open-Source and Proprietary Zero-shot Medical Disease Classification from Images Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 8

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-16T19:48:21.132872Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 929ea29e-39d4-4de0-92ca-dc0d89007ff4 · inbound

CausalFlip: A Benchmark for LLM Causal Judgment Beyond Semantic Matching cites this paper.

CausalFlip: A Benchmark for LLM Causal Judgment Beyond Semantic Matching Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T21:28:30.988995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f218dddf-685a-4d4a-ab83-acfae4e1eddc · inbound

CareTransition-Audit: A Benchmark to Audit Discharge Summaries for Efficient Care Transitions cites this paper.

CareTransition-Audit: A Benchmark to Audit Discharge Summaries for Efficient Care Transitions Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 10

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T23:50:54.813012Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 25b4ca46-9a39-4efc-84ff-6b924938177c · inbound

Vision-Language Foundation Models for Comprehensive Automated Pavement Condition Assessment cites this paper.

Vision-Language Foundation Models for Comprehensive Automated Pavement Condition Assessment Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 12

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T06:41:21.749374Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 98cde774-766f-4b01-bf37-530b1fbba1d3 · inbound

Why Supervised Fine-Tuning Fails to Learn: A Systematic Study of Incomplete Learning in Large Language Models cites this paper.

Why Supervised Fine-Tuning Fails to Learn: A Systematic Study of Incomplete Learning in Large Language Models Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 9

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T08:21:00.349965Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 0a25f4bf-be6f-4065-9894-4f3af56c5407 · inbound

Compared to What? Baselines and Metrics for Counterfactual Prompting cites this paper.

Compared to What? Baselines and Metrics for Counterfactual Prompting Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 120

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-09T19:05:10.583975Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 039492cf-f463-4c5c-878f-388127e92c16 · inbound

Atomic Fact-Checking Increases Clinician Trust in Large Language Model Recommendations for Oncology Decision Support: A Randomized Controlled Trial cites this paper.

Atomic Fact-Checking Increases Clinician Trust in Large Language Model Recommendations for Oncology Decision Support: A Randomized Controlled Trial Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-09T05:20:12.413120Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation f4268ff1-8be6-4a95-bbaf-639b2aa6ed8f · inbound

MeMo: Memory as a Model cites this paper.

MeMo: Memory as a Model Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 7

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T03:19:43.562763Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 7c2f4313-8e2d-4f94-81c7-8213211c8221 · inbound

MeMo: Memory as a Model cites this paper.

MeMo: Memory as a Model Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 7

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-21T08:39:53.664009Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 5f415bf6-4c25-4bae-84bf-90da213c6ee8 · inbound

LLM Doesn't Know What It Doesn't Know: Detecting Epistemic Blind Spots via Cross-Model Attribution Divergence on Clinical Tabular Data cites this paper.

LLM Doesn't Know What It Doesn't Know: Detecting Epistemic Blind Spots via Cross-Model Attribution Divergence on Clinical Tabular Data Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 24

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T00:49:19.116062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation be0aa555-7a63-4433-9e7b-15cc7c2cb860 · inbound

A French OSCE Dialogue Dataset and Controllable Virtual Patient System for Clinical Training cites this paper.

A French OSCE Dialogue Dataset and Controllable Virtual Patient System for Clinical Training Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 64

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T01:34:09.806125Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation ac1cb6ea-e4ba-48c4-98ca-56ed694b7e84 · inbound

TriageRA-CCF: Source-Side Clinical Confidence and Coverage Signals for Adaptive Rank Budgeting in Medical LLMs cites this paper.

TriageRA-CCF: Source-Side Clinical Confidence and Coverage Signals for Adaptive Rank Budgeting in Medical LLMs Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T07:44:21.890716Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 2dcf5601-a7f3-4583-95cc-7b2c15560959 · inbound

Clinically Structured Rank-Gated LoRA for Cross-Benchmark Medical Question Answering cites this paper.

Clinically Structured Rank-Gated LoRA for Cross-Benchmark Medical Question Answering Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 17

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T10:05:40.972514Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d60e7f1f-aa8d-49b0-be77-f0fe2697a7d7 · inbound

Clinically Structured Rank-Gated LoRA for Cross-Benchmark Medical Question Answering cites this paper.

Clinically Structured Rank-Gated LoRA for Cross-Benchmark Medical Question Answering Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 17

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T19:57:19.027213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 4fae1ad7-f2ec-4d3f-9074-460d5d882040 · inbound

MedRealMM: A Real-World Multimodal Benchmark for Chinese Online Medical Consultation cites this paper.

MedRealMM: A Real-World Multimodal Benchmark for Chinese Online Medical Consultation Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-13T05:07:42.040673Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f508afda-9752-4fa1-aa52-4d8214ec7c63 · inbound

MedRealMM: A Real-World Multimodal Benchmark for Chinese Online Medical Consultation cites this paper.

MedRealMM: A Real-World Multimodal Benchmark for Chinese Online Medical Consultation Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T07:43:27.075346Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bdded0a2-939f-46ef-b672-af3a59736e8d · inbound

PertReason: A Knowledge-Grounded Benchmark and Framework for Cell-State-Conditioned Mechanistic Reasoning of Perturbation Effects cites this paper.

PertReason: A Knowledge-Grounded Benchmark and Framework for Cell-State-Conditioned Mechanistic Reasoning of Perturbation Effects Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T14:28:19.533264Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 993d4b86-6309-48ac-b67f-854408bfad56 · inbound

CardioBench: A Real-World Data Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Clinically Authentic Cardiovascular Care Scenarios cites this paper.

CardioBench: A Real-World Data Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Clinically Authentic Cardiovascular Care Scenarios Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T03:12:43.820465Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation feb0ffef-cad5-4009-a647-fe3aa2401227 · inbound

EpiBench: Can LLMs Understand Epitopes for Antibody Drug Discovery? cites this paper.

EpiBench: Can LLMs Understand Epitopes for Antibody Drug Discovery? Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T19:20:34.076124Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.