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The alpha and helion particle charge radius difference from spectroscopy of quantum-degenerate helium
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abstract
Accurate spectroscopic measurements of calculable systems provide a powerful method for testing the Standard Model and extracting fundamental constants. Recently, spectroscopic measurements of finite nuclear size effects in normal and muonic hydrogen resulted in unexpectedly large adjustments of the proton charge radius and the Rydberg constant. We measured the $2^3\mathrm{S}\rightarrow2^1\mathrm{S}$ transition frequency in a Fermi gas of $^3$He with an order of magnitude higher accuracy than before. Together with a previous measurement in a $^4$He Bose-Einstein condensate, a squared charge radius difference $r^2_h - r^2_{\alpha} = 1.0757(15)\ \mathrm{fm^2}$ is determined between the helion and alpha particle. This measurement provides a benchmark with unprecedented accuracy for nuclear structure calculations. A deviation of 3.6$\sigma$ is found with a determination (arXiv:2305.11679) based on spectroscopy of muonic helium ions.
Forward citations
Cited by 2 Pith papers
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Recoil corrections with finite nuclear size in hydrogenic systems
New QED formulas for (Zα)^5 and (Zα)^6 nuclear-recoil finite-size corrections in hydrogenic atoms, valid for all nuclear radii and removing a spurious linear-radius term from the Breit approximation.
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Recent Progress in Ab-Initio Nuclear Theory for Precision Physics Searches in Muonic Atoms and Superallowed $\beta$ Decays
Ab initio nuclear theory for two-photon exchange in muonic atoms and the γW box in superallowed β decays shares one hadronic tensor, with recent light-nuclei results impacting charge radii, the helium isotope shift, and Vud.
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