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FLAMINGO: Calibrating large cosmological hydrodynamical simulations with machine learning

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arxiv 2306.05492 v2 pith:N5KVOUP2 submitted 2023-06-08 astro-ph.CO

classification astro-ph.CO
keywords parameterssubgridmasssimulationscosmologicaldataemulatorsfeedback
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To fully take advantage of the data provided by large-scale structure surveys, we need to quantify the potential impact of baryonic effects, such as feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) and star formation, on cosmological observables. In simulations, feedback processes originate on scales that remain unresolved. Therefore, they need to be sourced via subgrid models that contain free parameters. We use machine learning to calibrate the AGN and stellar feedback models for the FLAMINGO cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. Using Gaussian process emulators trained on Latin hypercubes of 32 smaller-volume simulations, we model how the galaxy stellar mass function and cluster gas fractions change as a function of the subgrid parameters. The emulators are then fit to observational data, allowing for the inclusion of potential observational biases. We apply our method to the three different FLAMINGO resolutions, spanning a factor of 64 in particle mass, recovering the observed relations within the respective resolved mass ranges. We also use the emulators, which link changes in subgrid parameters to changes in observables, to find models that skirt or exceed the observationally allowed range for cluster gas fractions and the stellar mass function. Our method enables us to define model variations in terms of the data that they are calibrated to rather than the values of specific subgrid parameters. This approach is useful, because subgrid parameters are typically not directly linked to particular observables, and predictions for a specific observable are influenced by multiple subgrid parameters.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. The One-Loop Power Spectrum of Fast Radio Burst Dispersion Measures

    astro-ph.CO 2026-08 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

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    Non-linear velocity terms cancel in real-space linear reconstruction, but redshift-space distortions reintroduce a 10–20% small-scale suppression of the stacked kSZ signal.

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  4. Baryonification II: Constraining feedback with X-ray and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich observations

    astro-ph.CO 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    ACT kSZ and eROSITA gas fractions are mutually consistent in a baryonification fit and imply strong feedback, with predicted matter power suppression reaching 20-25 percent at k=5 h/Mpc.

  5. Cosmological feedback from a halo assembly perspective

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    Baryonic feedback imprints on cosmological observables are governed by halo mass assembly: feedback is most efficient at M200m around 10^12.8 solar masses regardless of redshift.

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