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Suppression of quasiparticle poisoning in transmon qubits by gap engineering

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arxiv 2309.02655 v3 pith:DFTQOYKU submitted 2023-09-06 quant-ph cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.supr-con

classification quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.supr-con
keywords tunnelingengineeringqubitssuperconductingacrossal-basedjosephsonjunctions
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abstract

The performance of various superconducting devices operating at ultra-low temperatures is impaired by the presence of non-equilibrium quasiparticles. Inelastic quasiparticle (QP) tunneling across Josephson junctions in superconducting qubits results in decoherence and spurious excitations and, notably, can trigger correlated errors that severely impede quantum error correction. In this work, we use "gap engineering" to suppress the tunneling of low-energy quasiparticles in Al-based transmon qubits, a leading building block for superconducting quantum processors. By implementing potential barriers for QP, we strongly suppress QP tunneling across the junction and preserve charge parity for over $10^3$ seconds. The suppression of QP tunneling also results in a reduction in the qubit energy relaxation rates. The demonstrated approach to gap engineering can be easily implemented in all Al-based circuits with Josephson junctions.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Correlated Error Bursts in a Gap-Engineered Superconducting Qubit Array

    quant-ph 2025-06 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

    Gap-engineered superconducting qubits still suffer radiation-induced correlated phase errors from quasiparticle frequency shifts lasting ~1 ms, and these errors can degrade quantum error correction.

  2. Quasiparticle-induced decoherence of a driven superconducting qubit

    quant-ph 2025-05 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Drive photons can re-enable quasiparticle-induced errors in gap-engineered transmons, and multi-photon absorption can create fresh quasiparticles that also corrupt the qubit.

  3. Charge sensitivity in the transmon regime

    quant-ph 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Charge-parity flips from quasiparticle tunneling measurably limit transmon dephasing at EJ/EC~50, and post-selecting steady-parity Ramsey shots recovers longer T2*.

  4. Quasiparticle Dynamics in NbN Superconducting Microwave Resonators at Single Photon Regime

    quant-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    NbN superconducting microwave resonators show a temperature-independent quasiparticle density of about 50 per cubic micrometer at millikelvin temperatures, indicating non-equilibrium quasiparticles as a decoherence source.

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