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Vector Wave Dark Matter and Terrestrial Quantum Sensors
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abstract
(Ultra)light spin-$1$ particles -- dark photons -- can constitute all of dark matter (DM) and have beyond Standard Model couplings. This can lead to a coherent, oscillatory signature in terrestrial detectors that depends on the coupling strength. We provide a signal analysis and statistical framework for inferring the properties of such DM by taking into account (i) the stochastic and (ii) the vector nature of the underlying field, along with (iii) the effects due to the Earth's rotation. Owing to equipartition, on time scales shorter than the coherence time the DM field vector typically traces out a fixed ellipse. Taking this ellipse and the rotation of the Earth into account, we highlight a distinctive three-peak signal in Fourier space that can be used to constrain DM coupling strengths. Accounting for all three peaks, we derive latitude-independent constraints on such DM couplings, unlike those stemming from single-peak studies. We apply our framework to the search for ultralight $B - L$ DM using optomechanical sensors, demonstrating the ability to delve into previously unprobed regions of this DM candidate's parameter space.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Identifying Monochromatic Signals in LISA and Taiji via Spectral Split: Gravitational Waves versus Ultralight Dark Matter
Orbital motion of a space GW detector creates sideband patterns that differ between gravitational waves and ultralight dark matter, enabling discrimination by counting harmonics.
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Distinguishing Monochromatic Signals in LISA and Taiji: Ultralight Dark Matter versus Gravitational Waves
Null-response interferometric channels can separate monochromatic ultralight dark matter signals from gravitational waves in LISA and Taiji, most effectively at high frequencies.
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Towards the Direct Detection of Composite Ultraheavy Dark Matter in Quantum Sensor Arrays
A quantum sensor array could be sensitive to Planck-mass composite dark matter with radii around a centimeter via Yukawa forces, with a signal that scales as λ² instead of exponentially for short screening lengths.
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Searching for Ultralight Dark Matter with MOLeQuTE: a Massive Optically Levitated Quantum Tabletop Experiment
A proposed optically levitated milligram-scale plate sensor could reach the standard quantum limit and probe new parameter space for ultralight B-L vector dark matter.
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