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Analyticity and the Unruh effect: a study of local modular flow

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arxiv 2403.18937 v4 pith:Z66HA47O submitted 2024-03-27 hep-th gr-qcquant-ph

classification hep-thgr-qcquant-ph
keywords flowmodulargeometricconformalfieldsettingseffectlocal
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The Unruh effect can be formulated as the statement that the Minkowski vacuum in a Rindler wedge has a boost as its modular flow. In recent years, other examples of states with geometrically local modular flow have played important roles in understanding energy and entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity. Here I initiate a general study of the settings in which geometric modular flow can arise, showing (i) that any geometric modular flow must be a conformal symmetry of the background spacetime, and (ii) that in a well behaved class of "weakly analytic" states, geometric modular flow must be future-directed. I further argue that if a geometric transformation is conformal but not isometric, then it can only be realized as modular flow in a conformal field theory. Finally, I discuss a few settings in which converse results can be shown -- i.e., settings in which a state can be constructed whose modular flow reproduces a given vector field.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Uniqueness of null-local modular flow

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    For the free massless scalar in a Minkowski causal diamond, the vacuum is the unique state or weight in the vacuum sector whose modular flow is local on the null boundary.

  2. Excitability in quantum field theory

    hep-th 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    For zero-mean Gaussian states in generalized free field theories, one-way local excitability always implies two-way excitability, generalizing the quasiequivalence theorems of Powers, Stormer, van Daele, Araki, and Yamagami.

  3. Geometric modular flows in 2d CFT and beyond

    hep-th 2025-02 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    In 2d CFTs, every suitably regular Unruh flow on the Rindler wedge is the modular flow of a state obtained by a conformal unitary acting on the vacuum or thermal state, and local entropy and stress-tensor formulas follow.

  4. Algebras, Entanglement Islands, and Observers

    hep-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Entanglement islands in the AdS/bath island model realize the quantum-gravity 'observer' as a Goldstone vector mode, making the island operator algebra an emergent Type II∞ von Neumann algebra.

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