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Ultra-high Frequency Gravitational Waves from Scattering, Bremsstrahlung and Decay during Reheating

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arxiv 2407.03256 v4 pith:DFJSEDVQ submitted 2024-07-03 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

classification hep-phastro-ph.CO
keywords inflatonscatteringbremsstrahlungdecaygravitonpurereheatingcompared
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We investigate ultra-high frequency gravitational waves (GWs) from gravitons generated during inflationary reheating. Specifically, we study inflaton scattering with its decay product, where the couplings involved in this $2 \to 2$ scattering are the same as those in the $1 \to 3$ graviton Bremsstrahlung process. We compute the graviton production rate via such $2 \to 2$ scattering. Additionally, we compare the resulting GW spectrum with that from Bremsstrahlung as well as that from pure $2 \to 2$ inflaton scatterings. For completeness, the GW spectrum from graviton pair production through one-loop induced $1 \to 2$ inflaton decay is also analyzed. With a systematic comparison among the four sources of GWs, we find that $2 \to 2$ inflaton scattering with its decay product can dominate over Bremsstrahlung if the reheating temperature is larger than the inflaton mass. Pure inflaton $2 \to 2$ scattering is typically subdominant compared to Bremsstrahlung except in the high-frequency tail. The contribution from one-loop induced $1 \to 2$ inflaton decay is shown to be suppressed compared to Bremsstrahlung and pure inflaton $2 \to 2$ scattering.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Inflation and Reheating by Dynamical Torsion

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The dynamical-torsion inflaton decays via chiral anomalies and Yukawa-assisted three-body channels, yielding a reheating temperature of 10^5–10^7 GeV and testable CMB/GW predictions.

  2. High-frequency gravitational waves from axion inflation in the weak-backreaction regime

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Even in the weak-backreaction regime, axion inflation produces high-frequency primordial gravitational waves many orders of magnitude above the vacuum spectrum, peaking around MHz–GHz.

  3. Graviton Production from Inflaton Condensate: Boltzmann vs Bogoliubov

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    For quadratic inflaton potentials Boltzmann and Bogoliubov spectra agree at short wavelengths, but for steeper potentials non-adiabatic transition effects captured only by Bogoliubov are sizable across a broad momentum range.

  4. Primordial Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions during Reheating

    astro-ph.CO 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Phase transitions happening during reheating can produce gravitational-wave signals that are delayed, prolonged, and shifted in amplitude and frequency by orders of magnitude compared with standard cosmology.

  5. Gravitational Wave Spectrum from the Production of Dark Matter via the freeze-in Mechanism

    hep-ph 2025-08 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Graviton bremsstrahlung during freeze-in dark matter production yields a high-frequency gravitational wave background peaking near 5.35 x 10^10 Hz, with UV freeze-in amplitudes up to Omega_GW h^2 ~ 1e-17.

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