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QCD-sourced tachyonic phase transition in a supercooled Universe
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abstract
We propose a novel gravitational wave production mechanism in the context of quasi-conformal Standard Model extensions, which provide a way to dynamically generate the electroweak scale. In these models, the cosmic thermal history is modified by a substantial period of thermal inflation, potentially supercooling the Universe below the QCD scale. The exit from supercooling is typically realized through a strong, first-order phase transition. By employing the classically conformal $U(1)_{\tiny\rm B-L}$ model as a representative example, we show that a large parameter space exists where bubble percolation is inefficient. In this case, the top quark condensate triggers a tachyonic phase transition driven by classical rolling of the new scalar field towards the true vacuum. As the field crosses a region where its effective mass is negative, long-wavelength scalar field fluctuations are exponentially amplified, preheating the supercooled Universe. We study the dynamics of this scenario and estimate the peak of the associated gravitational wave signal, which is detectable by future observatories in almost the entire available parameter space.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Domain Walls From Confining Bubbles: $SU(N_{c})$ Yang Mills at Finite $\theta$
A nonzero theta angle weakens supercooling in SU(Nc) Yang-Mills confinement and makes any resulting domain-wall gravitational-wave signal invisible except under severe fine-tuning.
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Theoretical uncertainties in reconstructing model parameters with gravitational waves from supercooled phase transitions
In the conformal U(1)_X model, the daisy-resummed nucleation scheme shifts LISA-reconstructed gauge couplings by O(10%) relative to the NLO effective-field-theory result, an order of magnitude above the Fisher-matrix ...
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Custodial Naturalness
Custodial Naturalness uses classical scale invariance plus a custodial SO(6) symmetry to make the Higgs a naturally light pseudo-Goldstone boson, with testable new particle predictions.
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What happens when supercooling is terminated by curvature flipping of the effective potential?
Supercooling terminated by curvature flipping still proceeds by bubble nucleation and expansion, not by smooth phase mixing, according to 3D lattice simulations.
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