Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 14 of 14 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.13738.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.13738 v1

Coverage vector

measured 14 of 14 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.333634Z

measured 16 of 16 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T20:57:56.227749Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

14 of 14 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy2
unresolved12
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

0
pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 63a8f256-f928-4be8-9d4c-5d225e21ea02 · outbound

This paper cites Semantics derived automatically from language corpora contain human-like biases.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Semantics derived automatically from language corpora contain human-like biases

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.270740Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b641a349-8106-424f-9194-3f42a938432c · outbound

This paper cites M., Gebru, T., McMillan-Major, A., & Shmitchell, S.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics M., Gebru, T., McMillan-Major, A., & Shmitchell, S

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.277420Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2b4da846-6d0d-4265-897b-9ce32b4437ad · outbound

This paper cites Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.281991Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ba2534b5-3abb-4b86-80ae-98a6c6705f68 · outbound

This paper cites On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.286757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d193e119-937a-4232-b708-a40cf16fe397 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.597824Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 886e3888-09d7-48b3-ae82-70c498cf6ed0 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.296705Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 79bc3aef-20c0-4a7e-8eb4-5ffc60f0783c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.582082Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 19cc4295-a90e-4878-898c-39f1346c7d4e · outbound

This paper cites The Woman Worked as a Babysitter: On Biases in Language Generation.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics The Woman Worked as a Babysitter: On Biases in Language Generation

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.305854Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3bcdaa06-4569-41d5-90e2-39cc13cc3aac · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.311540Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a5c97c3b-0f0b-49e0-aad6-53e12aeeb6d6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.568556Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 82f7f4a0-f9bb-48d7-8bf5-fb1dd33a71a4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.321477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9879c0ad-a12b-42c7-a272-69e19967f539 · outbound

This paper cites • Input: ‘Financial managers‘ • Output: ‘Financial manager oversees budget- ing and financial planning.‘.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics • Input: ‘Financial managers‘ • Output: ‘Financial manager oversees budget- ing and financial planning.‘

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.555838Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation def0ccab-13eb-40ca-bdf9-43690809a6d6 · outbound

This paper cites • Input: ‘Models, demonstrators, and product promoters‘ • Output: ‘Model showcases clothing and ac- cessories.‘.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics • Input: ‘Models, demonstrators, and product promoters‘ • Output: ‘Model showcases clothing and ac- cessories.‘

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.541654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 753f4985-a4be-4883-8732-5d5d0854c638 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:59:42.526634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 9f7027d7-2d3b-4f5c-a9c4-7e87ad187de0 · inbound

A Close Reading Approach to Gender Narrative Biases in AI-Generated Stories cites this paper.

A Close Reading Approach to Gender Narrative Biases in AI-Generated Stories Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T20:57:56.227749Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b7432003-6df5-4fad-81dc-2711bc112c9d · inbound

Training Large Language Models for Self-Explanation Faithfulness cites this paper.

Training Large Language Models for Self-Explanation Faithfulness Assessing Gender Bias in LLMs: Comparing LLM Outputs with Human Perceptions and Official Statistics

Reference 113

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-01T08:38:35.326771Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.