Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 28 of 28 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.15661.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.15661 v2

Coverage vector

measured 28 of 28 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.145996Z

measured 28 of 28 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

28 of 28 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy17
unresolved8
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch3

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation e0698430-a641-4d7b-ba19-85f73ea020ad · outbound

This paper cites In: International conference on machine learning.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine In: International conference on machine learning

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.887869Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 73a4399c-76a0-4fa9-a253-24bec3b165ab · outbound

This paper cites Journal of the ACM (JACM)63(3), 1–45 (2016).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Journal of the ACM (JACM)63(3), 1–45 (2016)

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.861124Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ec8539ac-3567-436d-a2d8-a48c51883905 · outbound

This paper cites Advances in neural information processing systems (2020).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Advances in neural information processing systems (2020)

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.837905Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3af9d387-979e-422b-b761-de6a69389370 · outbound

This paper cites Factual Error Correction for Abstractive Summarization Models.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Factual Error Correction for Abstractive Summarization Models

Reference 4

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.421566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 09b5e219-207c-437a-930d-9ae5795656be · outbound

This paper cites Improving Faithfulness in Abstractive Summarization with Contrast Candidate Generation and Selection.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Improving Faithfulness in Abstractive Summarization with Contrast Candidate Generation and Selection

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.001376Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6e57f431-4d02-436c-bd2a-2be3f7428884 · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.007308Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 24d55dc9-aa85-4547-9941-2f949d49b7bc · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the Con- ference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2021).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine In: Proceedings of the Con- ference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2021)

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.812985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8fad8ab0-6a9b-4517-8997-18313ae6a773 · outbound

This paper cites ACM Computing Surveys 55(12), 1–38 (2023) Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length 11.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine ACM Computing Surveys 55(12), 1–38 (2023) Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length 11

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.786693Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 16600480-f9bb-47bc-ab6f-b66197886fcc · outbound

This paper cites Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics12, 1417–1440 (2024).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics12, 1417–1440 (2024)

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.758427Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d3d50193-30eb-48d5-9af0-906538fe7490 · outbound

This paper cites Open AI3, 111–132 (2022).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Open AI3, 111–132 (2022)

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.731949Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation aa09f58e-a9bc-4a5d-83c2-251fe5f216ea · outbound

This paper cites RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.038338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 716ca887-df37-4e20-866d-0411748f597a · outbound

This paper cites Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems36 (2024).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems36 (2024)

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.706715Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation aaf1a292-ffdf-4577-8003-a1209e74b56d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.049842Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 52ca6280-d829-4d87-8a63-e771010a4c3a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.669426Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f102c813-5ab8-4c93-93f0-71b18f9c0ef7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.636262Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ad7fcba8-0522-4795-9fd3-1697bf83a689 · outbound

This paper cites Open AI (2018).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Open AI (2018)

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.610975Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation a8a6541e-52e3-44fa-baca-a101c02b0460 · outbound

This paper cites OpenAI blog (2019).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine OpenAI blog (2019)

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.592434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3793895d-d483-49c4-aa41-0b878b4f81e9 · outbound

This paper cites The Journal of Machine Learning Research (2020).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine The Journal of Machine Learning Research (2020)

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.571722Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d99ed626-1755-4027-aeda-7b8d9bc9e56a · outbound

This paper cites DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.086408Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cdb34521-262b-428e-b294-76486c8b4b8c · outbound

This paper cites Neural Processing Let- ters 54(3), 2249–2266 (2022).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Neural Processing Let- ters 54(3), 2249–2266 (2022)

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.551230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f7294c53-6509-4a8f-8d41-6cfbfc244cb3 · outbound

This paper cites Artificial Intelligence Review57(11), 289 (2024).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Artificial Intelligence Review57(11), 289 (2024)

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.532193Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation daf5669c-7ab4-4d4b-8bfd-e009ad2594f6 · outbound

This paper cites What comes after transformers? -- A selective survey connecting ideas in deep learning.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine What comes after transformers? -- A selective survey connecting ideas in deep learning

Reference 22

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.298011Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation b4b0e376-4266-4118-9008-0be141c537cb · outbound

This paper cites Advances in neural information pro- cessing systems (2017).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Advances in neural information pro- cessing systems (2017)

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.513489Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8adb4af7-622c-4c96-80b9-67c8a6d9460e · outbound

This paper cites Beyond Model Adaptation at Test Time: A Survey.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Beyond Model Adaptation at Test Time: A Survey

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.123236Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fa69424c-e2f7-48e9-9544-1e531793d324 · outbound

This paper cites COrAL: Order-Agnostic Language Modeling for Efficient Iterative Refinement.

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine COrAL: Order-Agnostic Language Modeling for Efficient Iterative Refinement

Reference 25

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.231187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 1c478ce3-4b7b-4f83-9c14-2e56e2db0fcf · outbound

This paper cites In: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2024).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine In: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2024)

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.489892Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f9c0215d-d678-41f7-ae2d-1f50bc5235d7 · outbound

This paper cites Advances in neural information processing systems (2019).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine Advances in neural information processing systems (2019)

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.460139Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation dc3eedc5-5470-4565-9fa3-6cfce409d855 · outbound

This paper cites In: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2021).

Improving Next Tokens via Second-to-Last Predictions with Generate and Refine In: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2021)

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:33.439714Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.