Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Language verY Rare for All

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 48 of 48 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.13924.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.13924 v1

Coverage vector

measured 48 of 48 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.221649Z

measured 48 of 48 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

48 of 48 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy0
unresolved47
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 84d9b693-44fb-4e53-bd05-f7b07275e5b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.034558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4908407e-337d-4fbb-b443-beb43708e0fe · outbound

This paper cites Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate.

Language verY Rare for All Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.039340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 50c2c8fa-0e9f-47a1-a636-2d97f97861d5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.043684Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 529b2b8f-be61-4960-ad8c-db31c9b988fd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.048300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation edcee6f9-41b2-4940-abf6-837efddb3b2e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.720333Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 206001a3-402b-43f7-bbcd-79132fdb7539 · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.

Language verY Rare for All Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.056355Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aafaa8bb-134b-475b-8972-0c1f810de5f6 · outbound

This paper cites On the Properties of Neural Machine Translation: Encoder-Decoder Approaches.

Language verY Rare for All On the Properties of Neural Machine Translation: Encoder-Decoder Approaches

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.060984Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a2571628-5648-4d43-950c-8d50c85f8c60 · outbound

This paper cites No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation.

Language verY Rare for All No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.065044Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation da520c93-d303-4eb3-86f9-40fd73ad0af1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.709800Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 9e5c1a29-bbc1-4884-a564-160bacfce52c · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Language verY Rare for All The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.074232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9fc8755e-54db-47a0-8dc4-caeea035c898 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Methods to Leverage Monolingual Data in Low-resource Neural Machine Translation.

Language verY Rare for All A Survey of Methods to Leverage Monolingual Data in Low-resource Neural Machine Translation

Reference 11

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.468857Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation ecb02645-da50-45c8-85b8-6fd42a26a215 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.698037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 218b4cbd-035c-45c8-abe9-15e533e9b6f4 · outbound

This paper cites Not Low-Resource Anymore: Aligner Ensembling, Batch Filtering, and New Datasets for Bengali-English Machine Translation.

Language verY Rare for All Not Low-Resource Anymore: Aligner Ensembling, Batch Filtering, and New Datasets for Bengali-English Machine Translation

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.088115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 054c8453-3dba-47da-98c4-b88c9a895548 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Recent Approaches for Natural Language Processing in Low-Resource Scenarios.

Language verY Rare for All A Survey on Recent Approaches for Natural Language Processing in Low-Resource Scenarios

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.092145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cee57b1b-3631-4a3c-b2d0-fccb50524c60 · outbound

This paper cites How Good Are GPT Models at Machine Translation? A Comprehensive Evaluation.

Language verY Rare for All How Good Are GPT Models at Machine Translation? A Comprehensive Evaluation

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.096109Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 813014af-3960-4d88-aa97-b466e3bbb82e · outbound

This paper cites Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models.

Language verY Rare for All Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.100027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 75252a80-a36f-4be0-a372-6445dab8b0e5 · outbound

This paper cites LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models.

Language verY Rare for All LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.104231Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 80e5daa4-28c9-4256-b250-cdb56282f2e1 · outbound

This paper cites GenTranslate: Large Language Models are Generative Multilingual Speech and Machine Translators.

Language verY Rare for All GenTranslate: Large Language Models are Generative Multilingual Speech and Machine Translators

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.108007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b2e9989d-0e56-49ca-96d6-929b1d9eed7d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.687516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 41b52935-0ee4-44d4-9cdc-829e7e62e278 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.676969Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 94499693-08f8-465e-a14c-d5482c7095a2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.120250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e7470a33-663d-4ecf-8d91-baff615217d9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.124184Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 880a6425-31dc-4d6d-bce8-81a754be2bbb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.659439Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation da018926-0fc9-4531-872d-006f0a7abe92 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.132124Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 40adef76-2a36-4f26-83ed-e3e2be9ecf6d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.642192Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 02b08b86-befe-494d-8391-1a443aa4136f · outbound

This paper cites Low-resource Languages: A Review of Past Work and Future Challenges.

Language verY Rare for All Low-resource Languages: A Review of Past Work and Future Challenges

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.140037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 792e3489-19bb-4a65-bcef-70d5e72a7be6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.630807Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation a9990d78-01a0-4ca4-9e27-91f3833e6eda · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models: A Survey.

Language verY Rare for All Large Language Models: A Survey

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.148608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3eb1d116-3e78-4d18-859f-820d953a795d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.152533Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4c6d13e1-198e-4b4b-a847-5376a8c8509e · outbound

This paper cites Masakhane -- Machine Translation For Africa.

Language verY Rare for All Masakhane -- Machine Translation For Africa

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.156075Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8542eaaa-8e1e-40aa-8421-ce6b778b7c10 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.159704Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4f1fcff6-49c2-42b8-a1f4-a9505eea5fff · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.163248Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 196573d7-13a4-4c3f-9e28-798a93a14a6d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.598639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 14198f3f-2901-488e-8bb0-db0ef4edf08f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.170058Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8be9a451-d477-4517-9992-2e3e560afe8d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.173482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6f5bea7d-3a12-408c-b7dd-598f90686326 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Language Models: Methods, Analysis & Insights from Training Gopher.

Language verY Rare for All Scaling Language Models: Methods, Analysis & Insights from Training Gopher

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.177376Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a47800e2-efcc-410b-8378-08713a2e1d89 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.181259Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ca9a7d6f-10e8-4898-b2c1-ec622d3abf0a · outbound

This paper cites Improving Neural Machine Translation Models with Monolingual Data.

Language verY Rare for All Improving Neural Machine Translation Models with Monolingual Data

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.184769Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3129d743-7a90-4cef-afa1-eee164f99560 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.574923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 0f0246db-06f7-414b-991b-ff8461e1d569 · outbound

This paper cites Zyda: A 1.3T Dataset for Open Language Modeling.

Language verY Rare for All Zyda: A 1.3T Dataset for Open Language Modeling

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.191869Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 22f23e27-4370-4c30-a157-34edb4989826 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.195862Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 01a50b5e-08ca-4a1c-b77e-c347ee7a5f99 · outbound

This paper cites Chi, Tatsunori Hashimoto, Oriol Vinyals, Percy Liang, Jeff Dean, and William Fedus.

Language verY Rare for All Chi, Tatsunori Hashimoto, Oriol Vinyals, Percy Liang, Jeff Dean, and William Fedus

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.199344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 380a99d1-f33e-450c-96e4-78464d5b3195 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.202631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 416fbadb-17be-47a1-a432-741c5a72097e · outbound

This paper cites BigTranslate: Augmenting Large Language Models with Multilingual Translation Capability over 100 Languages.

Language verY Rare for All BigTranslate: Augmenting Large Language Models with Multilingual Translation Capability over 100 Languages

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.206372Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8cca43ed-cb40-40a5-9a15-d2cf2126c870 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Language verY Rare for All Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.544036Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 6a54561b-b84b-4354-8788-ef1758037bcb · outbound

This paper cites Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation.

Language verY Rare for All Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.213337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fdd2fbc4-57d4-4a58-b3c2-fb763f5e4b30 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Language verY Rare for All online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.216935Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2097abb3-a249-4c1c-8bbf-6cd692396e85 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Language verY Rare for All write newline

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:42:52.221649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.