Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.840225Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models
As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 41 of 41 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2501.00367.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:42:53.528604Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-07T12:42:56.461665Z
Reference resolution
41 of 41 outbound references displayed
- verified exact3
- verified fuzzy17
- unresolved21
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation c4e24298-8d8a-4946-a20f-0985c904d258 · outbound
This paper cites & Almusharraf, N.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models & Almusharraf, N
Reference 1
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.570417Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation f12c1278-39f0-4160-bf7a-224e7c16440d · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.559832Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 7eae9242-6cf8-41a5-95d6-29f8a4d8de76 · outbound
This paper cites ChatGPT for complex text evaluation tasks.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models ChatGPT for complex text evaluation tasks
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.549944Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 6be1b8c7-92e9-4a05-ae34-99c15eaef5f8 · outbound
This paper cites Automated Literature Review Using NLP Techniques and LLM-Based Retrieval-Augmented Generation.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Automated Literature Review Using NLP Techniques and LLM-Based Retrieval-Augmented Generation
Reference 4
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.692374Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f85bcdc1-5969-4379-a837-2e8255f987d2 · outbound
This paper cites Large Language Models for Data Annotation and Synthesis: A Survey.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Large Language Models for Data Annotation and Synthesis: A Survey
Reference 5
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.696997Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c1476329-c980-42a3-9a69-a7badc93e77f · outbound
This paper cites & Tan, J.
Reference 6
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.131316Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 6459091e-c6aa-46e2-8244-7106fd5c47dc · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.538935Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 5e71bcbe-5c17-4c04-a85f-c8590c7c5ba6 · outbound
This paper cites & Schiebinger, L.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models & Schiebinger, L
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.528274Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 74ec21d6-ebd6-49d2-a8e4-8d59f0be1086 · outbound
This paper cites & Kanchan, T.
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.517911Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 2466abc6-3280-4ac0-9b13-7b84c9f88969 · outbound
This paper cites & Zou, J.
Reference 10
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.506258Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation ab648840-03c3-4060-b1ce-613a8ed71f67 · outbound
This paper cites ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.494904Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation de5021c5-58e3-4866-b8cd-6be05863816d · outbound
This paper cites ChatGPT cites the most-cited articles and journals, relying solely on Google Scholar's citation counts. As a result, AI may amplify the Matthew Effect in environmental science.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models ChatGPT cites the most-cited articles and journals, relying solely on Google Scholar's citation counts. As a result, AI may amplify the Matthew Effect in environmental science
Reference 12
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.987328Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 492ef4ba-3103-4296-97de-b3201f0504be · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.484010Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation b32679bc-fc38-449e-8b05-1faa14891b92 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.472875Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 9ba654dd-0c36-4d10-8786-53a491fb1e00 · outbound
This paper cites & Gingras, Y.
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.461210Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation d83413bf-b669-44f8-a971-da9a14026262 · outbound
This paper cites & Sugimoto, C.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models & Sugimoto, C
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.449551Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 36536085-9a01-4ca5-b5d3-44b89f5eb919 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.439315Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 99694a1b-75ac-4ff4-bf69-72bf845aa4c3 · outbound
This paper cites & Pujara, J.
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.429494Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation c748ff45-689a-41f4-b36e-d6626817afea · outbound
This paper cites L., Jawitz, J.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models L., Jawitz, J
Reference 19
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.417999Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 15aa7f46-43be-4250-a4b3-27b2ffa81f1c · outbound
This paper cites J., Herman, A.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models J., Herman, A
Reference 20
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.407079Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 02fe0690-98e3-4931-ac01-3edddd0dc678 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.395565Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation b02be066-07e0-4b0a-888f-f4d550e83049 · outbound
This paper cites & Wang, D.
Reference 22
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.384548Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation b29bb1dd-34ab-48ed-89c3-c5b7ac5c0fc3 · outbound
This paper cites OpenAlex: A fully-open index of scholarly works, authors, venues, institutions, and concepts.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models OpenAlex: A fully-open index of scholarly works, authors, venues, institutions, and concepts
Reference 23
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.767001Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fdaf82d4-c5a5-453d-aac3-f1048880cd60 · outbound
This paper cites GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Model.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Model
Reference 24
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.771541Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9f109435-324d-4bef-b97c-e01af7c54532 · outbound
This paper cites M., Mao, R., Cambria, E.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models M., Mao, R., Cambria, E
Reference 25
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.373904Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 4535789b-8ab6-4a50-be76-1279be7742d5 · outbound
This paper cites Towards Making the Most of ChatGPT for Machine Translation.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Towards Making the Most of ChatGPT for Machine Translation
Reference 26
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.779668Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7ed89a03-6938-4b94-8e43-bb2831f32d8f · outbound
This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Language Models are Few-Shot Learners
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.784490Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2ead0ee3-41b7-45d0-87e9-3aeaae9a26cc · outbound
This paper cites How is ChatGPT's behavior changing over time?.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models How is ChatGPT's behavior changing over time?
Reference 28
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.788484Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 596402d6-3e63-49d5-b365-f8c30f53c466 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.792457Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0dffc77d-2f53-449e-8b4a-9f6ee3b2e8b7 · outbound
This paper cites SciBERT: A Pretrained Language Model for Scientific Text.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models SciBERT: A Pretrained Language Model for Scientific Text
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.796835Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b840e65a-16dc-455d-9aba-4d888cde4931 · outbound
This paper cites & Wang, K.
Reference 31
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.800805Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9d384e39-7997-4992-9491-08e8f9155aff · outbound
This paper cites The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform
Reference 32
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.804434Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b36c5ead-af6c-4702-9dae-907eb1aa94f2 · outbound
This paper cites & Huang, W.
Reference 33
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.361902Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 0701b8f4-99e8-4aff-a328-9c16ab3e1a8e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.350936Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 94da8e20-53db-44a3-b961-2fa0c458798d · outbound
This paper cites & Evans, J.
Reference 35
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.339582Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation d5a28abc-eb84-44de-9265-4c3b881e4a58 · outbound
This paper cites & Loper, E.
Reference 36
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.326605Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation b9e7b272-482f-4678-99c9-3d5cbfee04f4 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.313944Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 289af731-653e-4208-bf6c-e6e9a3516a84 · outbound
This paper cites the answer.
Reference 38
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:56.301625Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 2b2d6118-b775-4def-b6f3-b0328b091d5b · outbound
This paper cites Research evaluation with ChatGPT: Is it age, country, length, or field biased?.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Research evaluation with ChatGPT: Is it age, country, length, or field biased?
Reference 39
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.899216Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 5d36ebef-f22a-4b48-9365-e5af9b220932 · outbound
This paper cites Large Language Models Reflect Human Citation Patterns with a Heightened Citation Bias.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Large Language Models Reflect Human Citation Patterns with a Heightened Citation Bias
Reference 40
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.835354Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d1e3855c-b47d-43a6-926c-dea331f668c3 · outbound
This paper cites Social Bias Probing: Fairness Benchmarking for Language Models.
Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models Social Bias Probing: Fairness Benchmarking for Language Models
Reference 41
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:56:55.840225Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Pith citing papers
Observation d9a28161-0666-4a0c-bfbc-df83f6b59ba4 · inbound
Whose Name Comes Up? Auditing LLM-Based Scholar Recommendations cites this paper.
Whose Name Comes Up? Auditing LLM-Based Scholar Recommendations Who Gets Recommended? Investigating Gender, Race, and Country Disparities in Paper Recommendations from Large Language Models
Reference 2024
- Resolution
- metadata mismatch
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T12:42:56.544872Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.