Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T17:46:23.191079Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 50 of 50 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.11935.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T17:46:23.191079Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
50 of 50 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 67ada104-1119-4047-ae09-ad86d0bc8ad0 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes https://www.perplexity.ai
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 308f208f-60a5-45c5-a20e-bc101cf0e013 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Student-ai interaction: A case study of cs1 students
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation e315f74f-4781-40e2-9988-50d81bb9feab · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Trust in generative ai among students: An exploratory study
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 992a61dc-d68b-4c15-a222-e39bfa364db7 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes AI-enhanced Auto-correction of Programming Exercises: How Effective is GPT-3.5?
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a68cfb38-6bc4-461c-8872-81fc7a84c218 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Becker, Paul Denny, James Finnie-Ansley, Andrew Luxton-Reilly, James Prather, and Eddie Antonio Santos
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4b3401df-8691-40af-b6e2-6fc4e4eaf712 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Bruce Croft, and Mark Sanderson
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 35853da6-eb04-4fbc-834f-78c0c76f2803 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Two studies of opportunistic programming: interleaving web foraging, learning, and writing code
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 55d56c1c-e8d3-425d-a997-d1344a50d1aa · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2be44877-1f40-42f7-a710-8f94ef45c593 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Can We Trust AI-Generated Educational Content? Comparative Analysis of Human and AI-Generated Learning Resources
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0e38ef93-b8af-4399-bec3-811394433e98 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Robillard
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 9dfc2780-99cd-473a-a916-6aecf036333c · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Immediately invoked function expressions (iife) in javascript
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c87625d4-1c78-4ab5-8061-ea1e91fb7bef · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Six opportunities for scientists and engineers to learn programming using ai tools such as chatgpt
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b6e507de-502b-4fd3-9767-33689ec05a7c · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Currying in javascript explained with examples
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d629581b-0295-424f-9da4-6dc79634549b · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes TELeR: A general taxonomy of LLM prompts for benchmarking complex tasks
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c2e8ffbb-4bc2-4252-bc30-9cdfa8ce22f2 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes How novices use llm-based code generators to solve cs1 coding tasks in a self-paced learning environment
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 3a528c96-0e28-4f99-ba19-e22083bc203c · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Codeaid: Evaluating a classroom deployment of an llm-based programming assistant that balances student and educator needs
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation f94d2b6e-bb3e-41ad-8570-c6a5a5185876 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Information needs in collocated software development teams
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d1dc32dc-d21d-48a6-b2bf-72426e105e39 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Multimodality of ai for education: Towards artificial general intelligence, 2023
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 27e4ff26-fa14-4db0-b7ae-b49be6083fde · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes The impact of generative ai on critical thinking: Self-reported reductions in cognitive effort and confidence effects from a survey of knowledge workers
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 1b899a51-9c10-40e7-af00-d4b631c1f3dc · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Comparing code explanations created by students and large language models
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 569af410-7878-4750-85a4-5ce021b3cd7c · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Experiences from using code explanations generated by large language models in a web software development e-book
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 5bf35779-763e-499a-a53d-d2c728ab4adf · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Why computing students learn on their own: Motivation for self-directed learning of computing
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a890a1a5-2764-4b5c-8505-8c368527a6d3 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Computing students learning computing informally
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 056937c9-ed53-4fe0-81ca-a8bbd9cb2a9c · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Social media as a complementary learning tool for teaching and learning: The case of youtube
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a9bf1ee7-b022-4a41-bdcd-30874f2e3428 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation cb5e7feb-098a-4e8d-b9de-209f9c5dd169 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes The impact of prompt engineering and a generative ai-driven tool on autonomous learning: A case study
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 80845adb-46ac-46d1-b920-ed0e682c39b2 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes How beginning programmers and code llms (mis)read each other
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c787c3eb-d14f-4f2c-8908-38baa5bda3c3 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Information foraging in information access environments
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4ed1f235-ed06-4503-9ebd-d615881d9c97 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes The Robots are Here: Navigating the Generative AI Revolution in Computing Education
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8d6d5bc5-b3ef-4183-bbe4-6f761c90e44e · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes The widening gap: The benefits and harms of generative ai for novice programmers
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 5041d52b-a019-4cb4-89eb-5237848bce08 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Randrianasolo, Brett Becker, Bailey Kimmel, Jared Wright, and Ben Briggs
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 56b29d47-f0c6-43b5-a24f-d867b45c7793 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes "It's Weird That it Knows What I Want": Usability and Interactions with Copilot for Novice Programmers
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 68606d49-c02c-4795-9aa2-47ae37db1095 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Chatgpt in computer science curriculum assessment: An analysis of its successes and shortcomings
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7b687e52-fe9e-45e8-a1db-f24b0d03f290 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Next-step hint generation for introductory programming using large language models, 2023
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation f37b7bca-fc04-4ab6-b178-df8e643cee1c · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Gordon, Carina Negreanu, Christian Poelitz, Sruti Srinivasa Ragavan, and Ben Zorn
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a8e88129-9213-43ca-8f4f-c61f9c4ddba5 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes How knowledge workers use the web
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 3e03af5b-c3e4-4f6d-809c-4a3308816e9c · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Sellen, Rachel Murphy, and Kate L
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 63eafb3d-32b1-40ad-a043-62d910cc0fea · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes An investigation of the drivers of novice programmers’ intentions to use web search and genai
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8f68f732-3aa5-42e3-8063-82063b4412db · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Stack overflow developer survey 2024, 2024
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 690d9586-26af-4b15-baee-7e089ef6964b · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Investigating students’ programming behaviors, interaction qualities and perceptions through prompt-based learning in ChatGPT
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 383bfaf0-1cce-41e5-b2c7-c3f6f76750ec · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Investigating students’ programming behaviors, interaction qualities and perceptions through prompt-based learning in chatgpt
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 63ee306e-1153-4a30-8a5b-ba7f787154f7 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 6510076d-55c8-4c8f-bb9c-b9a7b3c960fd · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Comparing non-visual and visual information foraging on the web
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation fb8f1a00-97dd-46b4-b99a-4d8b0641ab7d · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Fostering postgraduate student engagement: online resources supporting self-directed learning in a diverse cohort
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 69611bd8-564e-43a8-8843-0e28d385233a · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes The rise and development of digital education
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7117cad8-c6fa-4be4-bb69-cc3e3c9ecd98 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Unresolved cited work
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b7fd15b8-9722-4477-91aa-6836b1eac00e · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes A comprehensive systematic review of ai-driven approaches to self-directed learning
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 915d7c59-981c-4c7a-b468-11ad110026c4 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes A comprehensive systematic review of ai-driven approaches to self-directed learning
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b2e9a2ea-93aa-461e-bf7c-b137cdeac09f · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Unresolved cited work
Reference 2023
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3170a29f-41e6-4f6b-8d02-d929ab96fcc5 · outbound
To Google or To ChatGPT? A Comparison of CS2 Students' Information Gathering Approaches and Outcomes Unresolved cited work
Reference 2024
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.