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Quantum Cross-section of Near-extremal Black Holes

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arxiv 2501.17470 v3 pith:KFJH7ZAW submitted 2025-01-29 hep-th gr-qc

classification hep-thgr-qc
keywords cross-sectionfluctuationsquantumabsorptionblackholeregimecoupled
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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We explore how to detect the large quantum fluctuations in the throat of a near-extremal black hole, where the dynamics are governed by the Schwarzian theory. To this end, we scatter a low-frequency wave of a massless, minimal scalar off the black hole and calculate the absorption cross-section. In the semiclassical regime, where the Schwarzian is weakly coupled, we recover the universal result that the cross-section equals the horizon area. However, in the strongly coupled regime, where quantum fluctuations dominate, we find that the absorption cross-section exceeds the semiclassical prediction. This result may seem counterintuitive, given that the density of black hole states is suppressed in this regime. Nevertheless, two effects outweigh this suppression. First, quantum fluctuations enhance absorption transitions between individual states, with the effect becoming stronger closer to the ground state. Second, these fluctuations significantly reduce stimulated emission. We conclude that a measurement showing an enhanced absorption cross-section serves as a clear signature of the large quantum fluctuations in the geometry.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Schwarzian quantum corrections to shear correlators of the near-extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om-AdS black hole

    hep-th 2025-12 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Schwarzian quantum fluctuations raise the shear viscosity of near-extremal Reissner-Nordström-AdS4 black holes above s/4π by a positive O(1/(CT)^2) correction and are argued to lift the classical T=0 gapless shear mode.

  2. The Effects of Near-AdS$_2$ Backreaction on Matter Fields

    hep-th 2025-09 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Backreaction of near-AdS2 geometry gives a temperature correction to scalar correlators that for massive fields needs metric backreaction, matches BTZ, and corrects the standard prescription.

  3. Quantum gravity around ultracold black holes from DSSYK

    hep-th 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Ultracold Reissner-Nordström de Sitter black hole fluctuations are proposed to be described by a gauged near-flat dilaton gravity model with a Gaussian spectral density, yielding a finite partition function and dynami...

  4. One loop corrections to the thermodynamics of near-extremal Kerr-(A)dS black holes from Heun equation

    hep-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Cold near-extremal Kerr-de Sitter black holes carry universal log(T) entropy corrections while rotating Nariai geometries do not, as derived from Teukolsky/Heun connection coefficients.

  5. Black Holes, Entanglement and Decoherence

    hep-th 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 2.0 of 10

    Satishchandran reviews three equivalent mechanisms by which black holes and other Killing horizons decohere nearby quantum superpositions, via interior entanglement, soft radiation, and fluctuating multipoles.

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