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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem

As of 12 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 29 of 29 outbound references and 5 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2502.04168.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2502.04168 v2

Coverage vector

measured 29 of 29 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:38.742822Z

measured 34 of 34 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00

measured 5 of 5 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T23:25:05.634003Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-04T04:59:36.773174Z

Reference resolution

29 of 29 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy11
  • unresolved18
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 05cd40fc-63a1-475f-8801-a20f5c622ce9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.264169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.406848Z digest=sha256:956fa5303bc9b1737211a3fdf8ca2b1f66a1568fbd045cd79ae04cca4831e72d

Observation fcb2cc98-dfb9-4f6e-beac-0e4b7aa82c9c · outbound

This paper cites Note that the original papers [BLO20, BLO21] useρAi|Pa(Ai) rather thanσAi|Pa(Ai) for the channels mentioned in the above definition.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Note that the original papers [BLO20, BLO21] useρAi|Pa(Ai) rather thanσAi|Pa(Ai) for the channels mentioned in the above definition

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.254368Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.411078Z digest=sha256:36b94584d103e9eb68d659ac246376767786a083404d393d9f7f14401503e646

Observation 8fc88343-95af-459b-b0d8-ebf7620e4cb0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.244517Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.415265Z digest=sha256:a2d1d1285e51636434a74c571dbf999a3ee6b8364e976c3e7be7e3959be03166

Observation b83c20c5-1b72-45be-aba8-73da16aef7ab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.234483Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.418741Z digest=sha256:ec3f646c2784ff13006e24d873b3851a947912cde1c435878363b6397483ee38

Observation dca45353-2573-46f6-8138-d5104266f4f6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.224251Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.421885Z digest=sha256:ec13074c0494c9db341c87c2c7bcb0aefd2df1ddf5ecd21ab0ed13326c901eea

Observation ef106ccc-3199-4a07-b567-580fd24f30ad · outbound

This paper cites We will use a notation where ifV′⊆V is a non-empty subset of vertices, XV′ = ∏ v∈V′ Xv (130) where∏here denotes the Cartesian product.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem We will use a notation where ifV′⊆V is a non-empty subset of vertices, XV′ = ∏ v∈V′ Xv (130) where∏here denotes the Cartesian product

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.214369Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.477438Z digest=sha256:abfa0b3f3e6fa69160ce1b90e67bc736bda63f9852e50cc29b6241cc7ff5c508

Observation 192040f7-5c1d-4375-90a2-2f3237777422 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.204533Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.519201Z digest=sha256:57a8101b64335923a516c66e9ceb929a764a194e6ac358014fdae2c32690bc91

Observation 6a3c586f-d586-4b5a-b7a4-338effea4420 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.195174Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.529081Z digest=sha256:9e23ecc80b2f594810cc315853ee415d141b913df9795635594326b4c3301504

Observation afed5506-9965-4e1e-be05-7c40a59fb009 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.186542Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.564186Z digest=sha256:c866b7ad45b5cc817ccfdb70e6b05fe98463b23b1b887b266b66eab10424f8c5

Observation 0f8a5aa6-57e4-4517-b399-bd136049265b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.178031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.604261Z digest=sha256:751955b3b4daf15fb81319b4ac7fa9efd638aa4226ce7426188d21ffbd54e43f

Observation f80a7c14-7af9-406c-a876-4bbdaa63c42f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.169918Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.637696Z digest=sha256:570d5da61ecc503912f6209b43cdc904ff931c6de3c2c5939116675238cb3444

Observation 2668b37c-4e85-4d2a-8ed8-4940c7881f1c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.160959Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.684589Z digest=sha256:fa55aabe6f08bac9c06e45b2785207ec92cf504bca46018db608ea8346b70232

Observation 37cfa943-7d0f-447c-a971-a27d198d1c00 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.151481Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.692241Z digest=sha256:b1a46a643571a1562f310e55c4d681d32f0cd3f4f82f4ae14ff13e06fcdeace2

Observation 7b7154bc-9901-4260-ae6f-e69756beb53a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.141886Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.695455Z digest=sha256:ee766e2d269ee90ac1ce667bd27e0654421934cbf5a0bc17642bdae195d7c33e

Observation 2a68fddd-659a-48e5-9e38-3a57e382fb5f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.131851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.698729Z digest=sha256:1a66fd9a5c130d87735d8b9ec3e5d011c4f26a39b5c538b8016bd8ee3fc94049

Observation fa75f1bf-ff3b-458b-a9a0-ecfe39d00da6 · outbound

This paper cites Outgoing edges fromRi, (Ri,T i) and (Ri,v′ i), are quantum edges.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Outgoing edges fromRi, (Ri,T i) and (Ri,v′ i), are quantum edges

Reference 16

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.122011Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.701504Z digest=sha256:3a380a70a29237bc4fa3e5ba69c968b9b02dcdf31dd9e5c8e5aa8ea6ed56dda0

Observation 0d7600aa-d67a-4eff-b1c9-a95749dfa787 · outbound

This paper cites We refer toVs(Gc,tp) as the split vertices ofGc,tp.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem We refer toVs(Gc,tp) as the split vertices ofGc,tp

Reference 17

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.112836Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.705211Z digest=sha256:f90dae4f03ac342d1a9238005c7d5f7101d9d3aee4f7d587014c0ae00608c94e

Observation b1b98a2e-9f40-4a6b-af5a-1e22abce6276 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.103523Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.708210Z digest=sha256:c9a1e68883a8970e700474c585729f0e4c2e936601fb8178490fd037a738fda2

Observation bb794755-b9e1-4ff1-bcda-e8a768e08021 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.094467Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.710823Z digest=sha256:314e04eac27d8f35387f4e9cd0a5fd7447629cd2569d4cacc8d03d0b8727be8a

Observation 2229807d-32e6-4211-b904-c961fd6f7fac · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.084495Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.714610Z digest=sha256:dc9c385822c9a81afecbdd28781d33e17111e407829aa6d3100b71cb158d38ab

Observation 497ff8f0-9c0e-40fe-9ec6-90a333af9a59 · outbound

This paper cites Notice that this amounts to having the variable associated to pre-selection verticesRe v uniformly distributed (for more details see the remark in section 2 of [FGV25]).

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Notice that this amounts to having the variable associated to pre-selection verticesRe v uniformly distributed (for more details see the remark in section 2 of [FGV25])

Reference 21

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.074298Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.717968Z digest=sha256:23178afb85e3e922a28658b0d1f57c1a74276fe867c3393cf75c11a9661032ae

Observation 0cfa0832-fe07-4123-ae09-18d0df39ac69 · outbound

This paper cites Hence, each outgoing edge from a vertexv∈Vs(Gc,tp) in G has been replaced with a uniform prior classical teleportation protocol (definition 6 in [FGV25]).

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Hence, each outgoing edge from a vertexv∈Vs(Gc,tp) in G has been replaced with a uniform prior classical teleportation protocol (definition 6 in [FGV25])

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.064183Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.720844Z digest=sha256:ad4fbdc16ae1610e6500b7128ae4078fcebdb47371a065012bed411ddf625c76

Observation 30cf1613-d9fc-4441-9278-bf96457bb18d · outbound

This paper cites 24By construction, these are also the same association of the original causal modelfCmG on G.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem 24By construction, these are also the same association of the original causal modelfCmG on G

Reference 23

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.053757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.724326Z digest=sha256:00c3c6ea7ca2c24550fdbbce917e79feecd2969753003cdfea4bef653a504462

Observation 9e97dd79-8efc-4fc9-9b20-bc31c8b7b811 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:39.033474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.727551Z digest=sha256:3706409cf6de488df2cc22250fe6cfbbf18a5a886e863b1cea912060713f6d09

Observation 310e88d2-8c62-4c7c-88c0-f89523731963 · outbound

This paper cites (177) Lemma 37 establishes that probabilities are preserved through mapping an acyclic functional model to an acyclic causal model through definition 36.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem (177) Lemma 37 establishes that probabilities are preserved through mapping an acyclic functional model to an acyclic causal model through definition 36

Reference 25

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:38.973669Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.730122Z digest=sha256:0d8d99719e185d8be339049405353b5e2edd779dbe3389ddf97cd749174edc26

Observation f3a92908-05d1-40c5-8064-c468c4adbc5e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:38.893528Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.733646Z digest=sha256:22bf460219c1c1fb494aecbeeb90013af6ff3909365fd89ef34506208ab781a8

Observation 3915240c-c4eb-4e56-a0c3-43ef478aa83c · outbound

This paper cites In order to evaluate probabili- ties, the maps ofCmGtp are composed as described in definition 3.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem In order to evaluate probabili- ties, the maps ofCmGtp are composed as described in definition 3

Reference 27

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:38.803522Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.736831Z digest=sha256:58cf30e4e1dfbf3a7056db3c3e26d0679f62bd7fa0fb16b1c7398d3d755710fc

Observation 5ee0e136-9e3c-456e-acde-770acde0f291 · outbound

This paper cites 42= ˜Mv′ x′◦D (Rev,v′)◦ ˜σRe v (191) where˜denotes associations in CmGtp andD(Rev,v′) is a decohering channel.

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem 42= ˜Mv′ x′◦D (Rev,v′)◦ ˜σRe v (191) where˜denotes associations in CmGtp andD(Rev,v′) is a decohering channel

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:38.785454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.739550Z digest=sha256:59a170f43a27691e69e9a8406b71078690342d48134d22ae76d6af804f3f7d8b

Observation 073d380e-b4f3-47fe-a7ee-b10cf904ba39 · outbound

This paper cites D Proofs of section 4 Lemma 7(Acyclicity of teleportation graphs).

Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem D Proofs of section 4 Lemma 7(Acyclicity of teleportation graphs)

Reference 29

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T23:23:38.774898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:23:38.742822Z digest=sha256:2732163091e9e041d4bdd6e3848f3e5a352c99e98c53a99828bf138f400a405b

Pith citing papers

Observation 7b1461ee-cd9d-413b-a6ac-ee277955e27c · inbound

Cyclic functional causal models beyond unique solvability with a graph separation theorem cites this paper.

Cyclic functional causal models beyond unique solvability with a graph separation theorem Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem

Reference 1982

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T23:25:05.634003Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T23:25:05.634003Z digest=sha256:2eec68ae6fa83d28c99600479bb686c97c9b03ef8f898c4ae52782a0392c39d5

Observation e1c8887b-5f8e-46cb-afa6-066b499af255 · inbound

Events and their Localisation are Relative to a Lab cites this paper.

Events and their Localisation are Relative to a Lab Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem

Reference 60

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:31:51.668618Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:31:51.668618Z digest=sha256:62a67928ad569ad5765955382050ba6517eb9da581296b3c40a1289a71793120

Observation f573f19a-23dc-4fb4-a6ad-6d735f9c4d3c · inbound

An equivalence between time-symmetry and cyclic causality in quantum theory cites this paper.

An equivalence between time-symmetry and cyclic causality in quantum theory Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:17:00.885752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T05:17:00.885752Z digest=sha256:27ce953e31b505601be7d693bbb2fe935276f6e944ec15df2808767540943607

Observation 75c75ad1-bc2c-43ab-8513-a52658525713 · inbound

Higher-order quantum processes respecting closed labs in a spacetime have quantum controlled causal order cites this paper.

Higher-order quantum processes respecting closed labs in a spacetime have quantum controlled causal order Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem

Reference 7

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T08:36:24.709663Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-12T00:58:12.340348Z digest=sha256:961e98aeda45101dfd106a2dbc38ad4391d256239c006aee8f72f6aa3a60b166

Observation 15a399d6-b4d0-4227-80f1-6dbd6a7ee50c · inbound

Impossibility of superluminal signalling rules out causal loops in conical spacetimes cites this paper.

Impossibility of superluminal signalling rules out causal loops in conical spacetimes Cyclic quantum causal modelling with a graph separation theorem

Reference 22

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T04:59:36.775126Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-26T16:28:22.561103Z digest=sha256:41c0cbe3acbc4ea49d8f67f60635e6ad2d81a38fef7e59f065b0df682ecbe56d