Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 15 of 15 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2502.10140.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2502.10140 v1

Coverage vector

measured 15 of 15 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.301005Z

measured 17 of 17 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-27T00:46:36.000415Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-03T21:18:58.530467Z

Reference resolution

15 of 15 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy7
unresolved4
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch3

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 2f48a014-6c5f-4189-9884-882e746eff2b · outbound

This paper cites Retrofitting Word Vectors to Semantic Lexicons.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages Retrofitting Word Vectors to Semantic Lexicons

Reference 4

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.492918Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation f6aff06c-cc2f-4d59-8749-efc1fc7f4b73 · outbound

This paper cites In International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 2790–2799.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages In International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 2790–2799

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.745312Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation b1f9a61a-e61a-42da-8d09-1e2246b1c45d · outbound

This paper cites Ayyoob Imani, Peiqin Lin, Amir Hossein Kargaran, Silvia Severini, Masoud Jalili Sabet, Nora Kass- ner, Chunlan Ma, Helmut Schmid, André Martins, FrançoisYvon,andHinrichSchütze.2023.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages Ayyoob Imani, Peiqin Lin, Amir Hossein Kargaran, Silvia Severini, Masoud Jalili Sabet, Nora Kass- ner, Chunlan Ma, Helmut Schmid, André Martins, FrançoisYvon,andHinrichSchütze.2023

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.595396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7bd1d735-8cc0-49fb-bdce-12c7b349b823 · outbound

This paper cites InProceedings of the 7th Workshop onBalto-SlavicNaturalLanguageProcessing ,pages 114–119, Florence, Italy.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages InProceedings of the 7th Workshop onBalto-SlavicNaturalLanguageProcessing ,pages 114–119, Florence, Italy

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.560882Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 97c1f72f-e74e-4e5f-89a7-5688f6519c6d · outbound

This paper cites In2019 International Conference of Advanced Informat- ics: Concepts, Theory and Applications (ICAICTA), pages 1–5.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages In2019 International Conference of Advanced Informat- ics: Concepts, Theory and Applications (ICAICTA), pages 1–5

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.542571Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7e570d99-06c6-4b2d-b257-6ae8c2c1fa46 · outbound

This paper cites Masked Language Model Scoring.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages Masked Language Model Scoring

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.258849Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 46450c03-6d14-4997-9d6f-af8e28ed4e3e · outbound

This paper cites Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models

Reference 15

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.301005Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c2c3dda3-9dc0-471c-9dd3-07c5a4e5538e · outbound

This paper cites Multi-Task Text Classification using Graph Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Low Resource Language.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages Multi-Task Text Classification using Graph Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Low Resource Language

Reference 2011

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.424260Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 298370d4-fe6e-481a-ae59-4f4ed00a8fd4 · outbound

This paper cites Holistic Evaluation of Language Models.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages Holistic Evaluation of Language Models

Reference 2015

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.204950Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ea5f5724-0e07-454e-baf9-6e2dd7c24250 · outbound

This paper cites BUFFET: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Few-shot Cross-lingual Transfer.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages BUFFET: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Few-shot Cross-lingual Transfer

Reference 2018

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.137120Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 55843c0c-2f48-41b8-924c-244df4ecc472 · outbound

This paper cites Fabio Barth, Manuel Brack, Maurice Kraus, Pedro Or- tiz Suarez, Malte Ostendorf, Patrick Schramowski, and Georg Rehm.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages Fabio Barth, Manuel Brack, Maurice Kraus, Pedro Or- tiz Suarez, Malte Ostendorf, Patrick Schramowski, and Georg Rehm

Reference 2019

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.782915Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 76d9bc30-e742-4ec6-902e-e65fcc83a7ee · outbound

This paper cites In International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 4411–4421.

Reference 2020

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.646624Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 43ab6ad6-7f29-440c-9133-33ef2664d404 · outbound

This paper cites ShaoxiongJi,ZihaoLi,IndraneilPaul,JaakkoPaavola, PeiqinLin,PinzhenChen,DayyánO’Brien,Hengyu Luo, Hinrich Schütze, Jörg Tiedemann, and Barry Haddow.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages ShaoxiongJi,ZihaoLi,IndraneilPaul,JaakkoPaavola, PeiqinLin,PinzhenChen,DayyánO’Brien,Hengyu Luo, Hinrich Schütze, Jörg Tiedemann, and Barry Haddow

Reference 2021

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.577586Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 9f173914-a147-4453-8986-3b85ac389314 · outbound

This paper cites XNLI: Evaluating Cross-lingual Sentence Representations.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages XNLI: Evaluating Cross-lingual Sentence Representations

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.170108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 68664662-0ce2-48de-9d4d-012804c3a43b · outbound

This paper cites L3Cube-MahaSent-MD: A Multi-domain Marathi Sentiment Analysis Dataset and Transformer Models.

Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages L3Cube-MahaSent-MD: A Multi-domain Marathi Sentiment Analysis Dataset and Transformer Models

Reference 2024

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T19:19:38.382018Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation e3b2ab46-5250-44e7-b093-6a442babd97c · inbound

Task Prompt Vectors: Effective Initialization through Multi-Task Soft-Prompt Transfer cites this paper.

Task Prompt Vectors: Effective Initialization through Multi-Task Soft-Prompt Transfer Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T22:13:30.148330Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation cddf229d-ee9c-4664-908c-70b5049d8621 · inbound

Want Better Synthetic Data? Steer It: Activation Steering for Low-Resource Language Generation cites this paper.

Want Better Synthetic Data? Steer It: Activation Steering for Low-Resource Language Generation Small Models, Big Impact: Efficient Corpus and Graph-Based Adaptation of Small Multilingual Language Models for Low-Resource Languages

Reference 77

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T21:18:58.532194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.