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Quantum Magic in Quantum Electrodynamics
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abstract
In quantum computing, non-stabilizerness -- the magic -- refers to the computational advantage of certain quantum states over classical computers and is an essential ingredient for universal quantum computation. Employing the second order stabilizer R\'enyi entropy to quantify magic, we study the production of magic states in Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) via 2-to-2 scattering processes involving electrons and muons. Considering all 60 stabilizer initial states, which have zero magic, the angular dependence of magic produced in the final states is governed by only a few patterns, both in the non-relativistic and the ultra-relativistic limits. Some processes, such as the low-energy $e^-\mu^-\to e^-\mu^-$ and Bhabha scattering $e^-e^+\to e^-e^+$, do not generate magic at all. In most cases the largest magic generated is significantly less than the maximal possible value of $\log (16/7) \approx 0.827$. The only instance where QED is able to generate maximal magic is the low-energy $\mu^-\mu^+\to e^-e^+$, in the limit $m_e/m_\mu \to 0$, which is well approximated in nature. Our results suggest QED, although capable of producing maximally entangled states easily, may not be an efficient mechanism for generating quantum advantages.
Forward citations
Cited by 8 Pith papers
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Magic without a phase: phase-independent stabilizer R\'enyi entropy in gluon scattering
A phase-averaged stabilizer Rényi entropy is introduced for tree-level gluon scattering, with color-independent phase-independent magic that is larger in 3→2 than 2→2 and has a soft-limit lower bound in 2→3.
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High Energy Photon Polarimetry at Lepton Colliders: Quantum Information from Converted Photons
Converted photons in Belle II enable high-significance measurements of Bell nonlocality, discord, concurrence, magic and steerability for macroscopically separated GeV diphotons, provided opening-angle resolution reac...
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Extracting a Toponium Signal at the LHC with Spin and Quantum Information Tools
Spin and quantum-information observables add only marginal statistical power beyond kinematic variables for isolating toponium in near-threshold top-pair events, but improve interpretability.
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Spin versus Magic: Lessons from Gluon and Graviton Scattering
For 2 to 2 scattering of massless spin-1/2 to spin-2 particles, the averaged generated magic decreases monotonically with spin, with maxima well below the two-qubit upper bound.
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Emergent symmetry in a two-Higgs-doublet model from quantum information and nonstabiliserness
Imposing magic conservation, equivalent to commutativity of the initial density matrix and the T-matrix, in 2-to-2 two-Higgs-doublet scattering yields SO(8) for arbitrary initial states and SU(2)_R for definite-isospi...
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Gauge and diffeomorphism invariance from quantum information principles
Within a one-parameter family of quartic-vertex deformations, the gauge- and diffeomorphism-invariant interactions are the only points combining maximal entanglement with minimal nonzero magic.
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Delay-Independent Stability of Nonlinear Delay Differential Equations via Isospectral Reduction
Claims a delay-independent global exponential stability criterion for a broad class of nonlinear nonautonomous delay differential equations using isospectral reduction of an associated sequence of matrices.
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Gedanken Experiments of Entanglement in Particle Physics: Interactions, Operators and Bell Inequalities in Flavor Space
Mass-identification, kaon-decay, and weak-mixing observables can be cast as spin-like operators whose correlations violate a Bell-type bound (0.44+0.90=1.34>1) in an idealized Gedanken framework.
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