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Quantum Characterization, Verification, and Validation

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arxiv 2503.16383 v1 pith:I4UP65I2 submitted 2025-03-20 quant-ph

classification quant-ph
keywords quantumcharacterizationqcvvtechniquesverificationassessbehaviorbenchmarking
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Quantum characterization, verification, and validation (QCVV) is a set of techniques to probe, describe, and assess the behavior of quantum bits (qubits), quantum information-processing registers, and quantum computers. QCVV protocols probe and describe the effects of unwanted decoherence so that it can be eliminated or mitigated. They can be usefully divided into characterization techniques that estimate predictive models for a device's behavior from data, and benchmarking techniques that assess overall performance of a device. In this introductory article, we briefly summarize the history of QCVV, introduce the mathematical models and metrics upon which it relies, and then summarize the foundational fields of tomography, randomized benchmarking, and holistic benchmarks. We conclude with brief descriptions of (and references to) advanced topics including gate set tomography, phase estimation, Pauli noise learning, characterization of mid-circuit measurements and non-Markovianity, classical shadows, verification and certification, and logical qubit assessment.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Classical shadows for sample-efficient measurements of gauge-invariant observables

    quant-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Using the Z2 lattice-gauge-theory/Ising duality, symmetry-aware classical shadow protocols estimate gauge-invariant observables with exponentially fewer samples than symmetry-blind protocols, at the cost of deeper circuits.

  2. Unified Uncertainty Quantification Framework Bridging Noisy Quantum Backends Across Variational Quantum Algorithms and Quantum Signal Processing

    cs.ET 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A unified Bayesian-optimization and uncertainty-quantification workflow benchmarks variational and QSVT workloads on four noisy backends, showing backend quality is workload-dependent.

  3. SiMOS quantum-dot spin qubits enabled by extreme-ultraviolet lithography

    cond-mat.mes-hall 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    First high-fidelity SiMOS spin qubits fabricated with EUV lithography show 99.9% single-qubit and ~99% two-qubit gate fidelities across four double-dot systems.

  4. Efficient certification of intractable quantum states with few Pauli measurements

    quant-ph 2025-11 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    The paper claims Clifford-enhanced product states can be certified with O(n^2/epsilon^2) Pauli measurements in the i.i.d. setting and polynomially many in the adversarial setting, but the central estimator is derived ...

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