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Dynamical Dark Energy Implies a Coupled Dark Sector: Insights from DESI DR2 via a Data-Driven Approach

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arxiv 2504.00985 v2 pith:IYRBPE63 submitted 2025-04-01 astro-ph.CO astro-ph.IMhep-ph

Changyu You , Dan Wang , Tao Yang This is my paper
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keywords darkdesienergydynamicalsectorapproachcoupleddata
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abstract

Recent observations from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 2 (DR2) have revealed compelling evidence for dynamical dark energy, challenging the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm. In this work, we adopt a data-driven, model-independent approach to reconstruct the dark energy equation of state (EoS) and its potential interaction with dark matter using combined background cosmological datasets, including DESI DR2, cosmic chronometers, observational Hubble data, and Type Ia supernovae. Using Gaussian Process regression and a non-parametric formalism, we first confirm a $\sim 2\sigma$ indication of dynamical dark energy, featuring a phantom crossing around redshift $z \sim 0.4$, consistent with DESI results. We then explore the implications of dynamical EoS from DESI DR2 for dark sector coupling. Incorporating priors on the EoS from DESI DR2, we find a $\sim 2\sigma$ signal for non-zero interactions between dark energy and dark matter at low redshift. Our results suggest that if DESI's evidence for time-varying dark energy is confirmed, a coupled dark sector may be a necessary extension beyond $\Lambda$CDM.

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Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Breaking the Dark Sector Degeneracy with Nonparametric Expansion--Growth Reconstruction

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Joint nonparametric expansion–growth reconstruction finds no significant dark-sector interaction or dark-energy dynamics, remaining consistent with ΛCDM over 0≲z≲2.

  2. Coupled quintessence from an axion dark sector

    astro-ph.CO 2026-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A coupled two-axion dark sector reproduces the apparent phantom-crossing dark energy hinted at by DESI and fits CMB, BAO, and Type Ia supernova data as well as LambdaCDM.

  3. Exploring non-cold dark matter in a scenario of dynamical dark energy with DESI DR2 data

    astro-ph.CO 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Using DESI DR2, Planck, and supernova data, a nonzero dark matter equation of state is preferred at 2.8 to 3.3 sigma only when dark energy is assumed to have a constant equation of state.

  4. Observational Constraints on Scalar Field--Matter Interaction in Weyl Integrable Spacetime

    gr-qc 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A Weyl Integrable Spacetime model with one extra parameter fits current late-time cosmological data slightly better than Lambda-CDM, with weak to moderate statistical preference.

  5. Constraints on Barrow and Tsallis Holographic Dark Energy from DESI DR2 BAO data

    gr-qc 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Barrow and Tsallis holographic dark energy models fit DESI DR2 data but are disfavored by information criteria versus LambdaCDM and do not ease the Hubble tension.

  6. Observational constraints on the modified cosmology inspired by string T-duality

    gr-qc 2025-10 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Late-time data bound the T-duality zero-point-length coupling to β ≲ 10^-3, leaving ΛCDM statistically equivalent.

  7. Dark Energy Is Not That Into You: Variable Couplings after DESI DR2 BAO

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    With DESI DR2 data, one interacting dark sector model with a time-dependent coupling shows a nonzero coupling at more than 95% CL, but Bayesian evidence still favors Lambda-CDM.

  8. Averaging Dynamics of Scalar Field-Matter Interacting Models in Anisotropic Universes: The Locally Rotationally Symmetric Bianchi I Spacetime

    gr-qc 2025-08 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    The authors apply averaging methods to classify late-time attractors for nine interacting dark sector models in Bianchi I cosmology, but the general interaction formula does not match the specific models analyzed.

  9. Cosmological preference for a positive neutrino mass at 2.7$\sigma$: A joint analysis of DESI DR2, DESY5, and DESY1 data

    astro-ph.CO 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A joint fit of DESI DR2, CMB, DESY5 and DESY1 data gives total neutrino mass 0.098 (+0.016, -0.037) eV, a 2.7 sigma preference for positive mass in the w0waCDM model.

  10. Constraint on Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity with Different Dark energy Parametrizations from DESI DR2 BAO Data

    gr-qc 2025-07 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    MCMC fits of CPL and BA dark energy parametrizations in power-law f(Q) gravity to DESI DR2 and prior BAO H(z) data find statistically competitive or better fits than Lambda-CDM.

  11. Topological defects as effective dynamical dark energy

    hep-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A few percent domain-wall component gives a mild (Δχ² = -1.72) improvement over ΛCDM when fitting DESI DR2 BAO and DESY5 supernovae, but the evidence is inconclusive.

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