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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 76 of 76 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.01816.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.01816 v1

Coverage vector

measured 76 of 76 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.595214Z

measured 78 of 78 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T05:37:44.468950Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T05:37:45.396225Z

Reference resolution

76 of 76 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact2
  • verified fuzzy63
  • unresolved11
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 06db2021-313e-4cf4-a9d8-6019a2db92c3 · outbound

This paper cites TR 22.852: Study on RAN Sharing Enhancements (Release 12 & 13).

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp TR 22.852: Study on RAN Sharing Enhancements (Release 12 & 13)

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.792482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.234651Z digest=sha256:b25b24f58c710d442f9f8460adf50c9a6322649c234d9e69f8c79fd93dc633da

Observation 754aa8e3-b52d-4d2c-9274-a0ab41a184e0 · outbound

This paper cites Overview of 5g security challenges and solutions.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Overview of 5g security challenges and solutions

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.777591Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.239737Z digest=sha256:985ce2416fd6a65a1a209e545d8af7b736514a1cb06cccfb2569a70d4d9cc191

Observation 39061e76-76e2-4bab-bf01-1f72c7727f88 · outbound

This paper cites Optuna: A next- generation hyperparameter optimization framework.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Optuna: A next- generation hyperparameter optimization framework

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.763849Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.244440Z digest=sha256:7ffbe946eac225f5f6d053759bb3bd6b161a9380f3d4d4768278705b0d9c08ca

Observation 93668878-0231-442e-b177-ccb6b14d98ed · outbound

This paper cites Kpi poison- ing: An attack in open ran near real-time control loop.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Kpi poison- ing: An attack in open ran near real-time control loop

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.750662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.249348Z digest=sha256:802a487c486c2923d2723117b5d6ba45bbbe7300041762342970771067aab0e5

Observation a561c546-c9e3-492d-9234-af6c0e58fb94 · outbound

This paper cites WG11: O-RAN Work Group 11 (Security Work Group) Security Requirements and Controls Specifications, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp WG11: O-RAN Work Group 11 (Security Work Group) Security Requirements and Controls Specifications, 2024

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.735606Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.254788Z digest=sha256:868ceb9e60766c80e970835c38a5717a59aea56f7ba047215b8ee8d02a599689

Observation 2a18b0f9-bd44-4b81-ae35-ff36828defe3 · outbound

This paper cites A survey on open radio access networks: Challenges, research directions, and open source approaches.Sen- sors, 24(3):1038, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp A survey on open radio access networks: Challenges, research directions, and open source approaches.Sen- sors, 24(3):1038, 2024

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.720848Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.259617Z digest=sha256:c9a36c17b3ae046f0461b03f94b23aa75d5e05ddbf2fa475390f5bcad12107c6

Observation 003f757d-5021-404f-b0e6-6237c4ea0c1f · outbound

This paper cites Attacking o-ran inter- faces: Threat modeling, analysis and practical experi- mentation.IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Attacking o-ran inter- faces: Threat modeling, analysis and practical experi- mentation.IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2024

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.706019Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.264573Z digest=sha256:a957b8aed051b53d091c97dfc36a56746c2aef76306149832559e0b69904a791

Observation 0789b7e3-fffd-4be3-a654-9fdc61b64479 · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing O-RAN Security: Evasion Attacks and Robust Defenses for Graph Reinforcement Learning-based Connection Management.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Enhancing O-RAN Security: Evasion Attacks and Robust Defenses for Graph Reinforcement Learning-based Connection Management

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.269911Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.269911Z digest=sha256:9277ef6bec02587de2683780b1670f1cd57ae45137dff818b193ea02499af93d

Observation d3c42a1a-f890-4052-a12b-ae6344ccd956 · outbound

This paper cites Ric: A ran intelligent controller platform for ai-enabled cellu- lar networks.IEEE Internet Computing, 25(2):7–17, 2021.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Ric: A ran intelligent controller platform for ai-enabled cellu- lar networks.IEEE Internet Computing, 25(2):7–17, 2021

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.691674Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.274918Z digest=sha256:5bd7306ea0e92d72dde589ebe129692821935d79c8099366b352e49ca6786542

Observation b87e09ed-0d3e-4431-b04e-a3b1848a5cd0 · outbound

This paper cites Evasion attacks against machine learning at test time.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Evasion attacks against machine learning at test time

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.677958Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.279556Z digest=sha256:49a2b6d41138a60f5b04fa9ac6a5e90997c20d5dd9d51edaac34cb8b5533231d

Observation 6ca59569-f3c1-4a88-a316-9adb29cbc10c · outbound

This paper cites Osc community lab: The integration test bed for o-ran soft- ware community.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Osc community lab: The integration test bed for o-ran soft- ware community

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.664209Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.284225Z digest=sha256:d34adda9bbdfe8e52cc87c1fe16a0969f23ef4321759b8ed909bf5354235352a

Observation 7aa6791a-736d-449b-8b9f-9eedb060c824 · outbound

This paper cites Eval- uating the cybersecurity risk of real-world, machine learning production systems.ACM Computing Surveys, 55(9):1–36, 2023.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Eval- uating the cybersecurity risk of real-world, machine learning production systems.ACM Computing Surveys, 55(9):1–36, 2023

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.650152Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.288975Z digest=sha256:8cdfb76e5d1dd0797ed6b0c9a47bc6126bd638a9e55090ab02200bc1208d6b85

Observation ab3a14b7-90cd-41b0-9436-0268463116dd · outbound

This paper cites Open, pro- grammable, and virtualized 5g networks: State-of- the-art and the road ahead.Computer Networks, 182:107516, 2020.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Open, pro- grammable, and virtualized 5g networks: State-of- the-art and the road ahead.Computer Networks, 182:107516, 2020

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.633809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.293616Z digest=sha256:e5c9aaaec6f115111d94224803accb4fea3618695b91bfa386a3252adc2271c3

Observation 55c4a681-1835-4488-bb98-8a78661977c3 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluation of the latency of machine learning random access ddos detection in open ran.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Evaluation of the latency of machine learning random access ddos detection in open ran

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.617016Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.298054Z digest=sha256:ff8186b9e32fec7068afbf176d782c00112aca996d66c607c4c6ddcd23f186f7

Observation 525452bb-1a64-437a-832a-05bb997c2239 · outbound

This paper cites Flexslice: Flexible and real-time programmable ran slicing framework.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Flexslice: Flexible and real-time programmable ran slicing framework

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.599747Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.302469Z digest=sha256:50bc1fcbc64fc5e05e711d9ca8b6e033530be107d0d93a89eefda61d9efae79d

Observation bc4f61a9-df44-4443-a066-2d210f44df43 · outbound

This paper cites Hopskipjumpattack: A query-efficient 14 decision-based attack.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Hopskipjumpattack: A query-efficient 14 decision-based attack

Reference 16

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.584999Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.306865Z digest=sha256:c8b87a695ac95cec559f1228a5d9a54a75331befb8eff96efcdbf04ef6c10a74

Observation faeba361-68cc-4e38-8917-2a1bccb3dba8 · outbound

This paper cites Satellite integration into 5g: deep re- inforcement learning for network selection.Machine Intelligence Research, 19(2):127–137, 2022.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Satellite integration into 5g: deep re- inforcement learning for network selection.Machine Intelligence Research, 19(2):127–137, 2022

Reference 17

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.569679Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.311320Z digest=sha256:036ccf1b04ab9169eebe57aa3c479049831b5900fc8bd66c24e09039a6993cd8

Observation 6f81ed6d-728f-4eee-9857-aff8cd52e6b0 · outbound

This paper cites 5g on the horizon: Key challenges for the radio-access network.IEEE vehicular technology magazine, 8(3):47–53, 2013.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp 5g on the horizon: Key challenges for the radio-access network.IEEE vehicular technology magazine, 8(3):47–53, 2013

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.554725Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.315733Z digest=sha256:4a58336b2e0e27de193612582e84503d9a117b93c7914275008598138cdacc9e

Observation 770ecd03-3bdd-4926-ba13-76baa08b305b · outbound

This paper cites Toward modular and flexible open ran implementations in 6g networks: Traffic steering use case and o-ran xapps.Sensors, 21(24):8173, 2021.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Toward modular and flexible open ran implementations in 6g networks: Traffic steering use case and o-ran xapps.Sensors, 21(24):8173, 2021

Reference 19

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.539708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.320208Z digest=sha256:bf4ae6a3eef1cbf649f37910b50d723a373e47584190f97c4e08c15137ce390c

Observation 2122db92-f908-4b1b-a8a5-bb457423a7ff · outbound

This paper cites Freshwave says four way operator sharing on same indoor small cells a world first, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Freshwave says four way operator sharing on same indoor small cells a world first, 2024

Reference 20

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.524484Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.324811Z digest=sha256:4e6a49dec00bb97bf181333729499eede088a3119f56b033cf3100c53feb3d79

Observation f1762a96-99e9-46ce-9657-6c2bcd47d30f · outbound

This paper cites Spacetime and O-RAN Interfaces 5G/6G NTN,.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Spacetime and O-RAN Interfaces 5G/6G NTN,

Reference 21

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.509780Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.329156Z digest=sha256:7193fc12d7f96750e3940e68095dda8b480318d900f4bb73832560e380a2d9a7

Observation fed7ded3-a8bc-474f-8cb6-6dda40af02d3 · outbound

This paper cites Access selec- tion and joint pricing in multi-operator wireless net- works: A stackelberg game.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Access selec- tion and joint pricing in multi-operator wireless net- works: A stackelberg game

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.479630Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.338146Z digest=sha256:de9c4bc334ba79a8433c1cc7d8bfc3d069ce9cae3bb59111dedd8a121a14f7ea

Observation 2f2c2cc3-6bb1-480f-8ef1-1db3355fabbe · outbound

This paper cites Best operator policy in a heteroge- neous wireless network.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Best operator policy in a heteroge- neous wireless network

Reference 23

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.465126Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.342539Z digest=sha256:ee447672b8144ec796a293df8f689207b566234d43ca2bc2d94a3ca61d54bb67

Observation 2f09203c-6e71-494f-9312-f7cbc3b9917f · outbound

This paper cites Radio access network sharing in 5g: strategies and benefits.Wireless Personal Communica- tions, 96:2715–2740, 2017.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Radio access network sharing in 5g: strategies and benefits.Wireless Personal Communica- tions, 96:2715–2740, 2017

Reference 24

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.451649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.346709Z digest=sha256:47d30a15b4ddaba77cd1c03595aa82caf95e76d29de6bf4c74aa150a2625e3ef

Observation d2ebf7e7-562a-4c53-a1bc-e82ff2cec4b3 · outbound

This paper cites Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examples.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examples

Reference 25

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.351242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.351242Z digest=sha256:6ef7e2b169537ec2929610f28da3f3a4f0c0f7a966e2dcf0b84b0b2053c4803a

Observation 237e8291-ca79-4e65-bcb5-c9b56f7c2294 · outbound

This paper cites Implementing and evaluating se- curity in o-ran: Interfaces, intelligence, and platforms.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Implementing and evaluating se- curity in o-ran: Interfaces, intelligence, and platforms

Reference 26

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.438441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.356221Z digest=sha256:ba1fdbb1953fa61e25fc3f30674e46e3de4b96255b6aeae314034caa9f97262b

Observation b74c57fb-b0d0-45d0-b82d-3ebfe35d8f31 · outbound

This paper cites V odafone announces expanded net- work sharing agreement with orange in spain, 2019.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp V odafone announces expanded net- work sharing agreement with orange in spain, 2019

Reference 27

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.424076Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.360760Z digest=sha256:94afedcbf379060aa02568bcb217a524377e651560dc31ad3b0830c92295ca51

Observation 8089b28d-bd90-43e6-9fc4-39d6aa93937b · outbound

This paper cites Mobile infrastructure sharing.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Mobile infrastructure sharing

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.409359Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.365334Z digest=sha256:a962e44479a75f4f5de91f232ad481b2ccbfa375a733357eef4c46cc50cf1990

Observation 407585ce-00b6-411a-8a6d-7b895a1b50b8 · outbound

This paper cites Adversarial Machine Learning Threat Analysis and Remediation in Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN).

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Adversarial Machine Learning Threat Analysis and Remediation in Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN)

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.369779Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.369779Z digest=sha256:fe30bfb4edf850b33479ecb7bc7770e6c99757b745c9338346252c50a7831f02

Observation 91c4ecc8-46d9-4fe9-b643-8f1a6a139729 · outbound

This paper cites From Centralized RAN to Open RAN: A Survey on the Evolution of Distributed Antenna Systems.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp From Centralized RAN to Open RAN: A Survey on the Evolution of Distributed Antenna Systems

Reference 30

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.374570Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.374570Z digest=sha256:9141003282e7c6c2c688b0753b8d78784479117fe8171e5ff2937e69462d1e51

Observation 73277f8a-d858-4a98-b27c-4b10a07aa099 · outbound

This paper cites Security threats to xapps access control and e2 interface in o-ran.IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Security threats to xapps access control and e2 interface in o-ran.IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2024

Reference 31

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.395040Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.379467Z digest=sha256:b9f73634fbd763ddc8919b0b9f0cd763f29ce77f60dfecd643fb64724d4599d9

Observation adb269d0-3e63-4db2-9e43-8476f9c2b76f · outbound

This paper cites Ric: The next phase of open ran, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Ric: The next phase of open ran, 2024

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.381211Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.383821Z digest=sha256:d027fed0454a16156cb98c06128644174b5ba97b538bff9d20003c0c2ac1b9ff

Observation 9e5fdfad-d602-4bce-a6dc-5e7287418a67 · outbound

This paper cites How does open ran add value in multi- operator sharing?, 2021.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp How does open ran add value in multi- operator sharing?, 2021

Reference 33

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.367271Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.388340Z digest=sha256:16ac7af6ef162a4871ad4ec6ecca99e6c7dfe8fca9f8676ffc98c8ed962bd054

Observation 2a9cf56b-47f8-42ab-9d6c-2318300b9964 · outbound

This paper cites Lstm-autoencoder based anomaly detection using vibration data of wind turbines.Sen- sors, 24(9):2833, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Lstm-autoencoder based anomaly detection using vibration data of wind turbines.Sen- sors, 24(9):2833, 2024

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.353181Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.393565Z digest=sha256:6acd4a53a04f6c9cf91ddd245cefbe8e1f4e144db7c19484e9be9b6cdbd4bd71

Observation 2b677a23-6692-4720-bda8-b0377249abbf · outbound

This paper cites Improving one-class svm for anomaly detec- tion.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Improving one-class svm for anomaly detec- tion

Reference 35

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.338428Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.398759Z digest=sha256:16b6eb81e174eac7c9804b4fd97357e5441e65ee3eff8a54f4f9bc19431828c6

Observation b43f74e9-f96a-472b-bf0f-ecd848ac63fb · outbound

This paper cites Iso- lation forest.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Iso- lation forest

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.324923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.403274Z digest=sha256:988a2fe146ffbb045717344da7e97dae32500c2661ae30bc60155e99209493a9

Observation 6fcd38a1-e10f-44b7-8900-8afc4df6face · outbound

This paper cites Democratizing{Direct-to-Cell}low earth orbit satellite networks.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Democratizing{Direct-to-Cell}low earth orbit satellite networks

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.311393Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.407905Z digest=sha256:b7964ef0677e63d6f7fedc4a05f3bff843031266567a6c680d439dfa79f959a4

Observation c9c54baf-340a-4216-8fe8-c8941c771b82 · outbound

This paper cites Open ran security: Challenges and opportunities.Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 214:103621, 2023.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Open ran security: Challenges and opportunities.Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 214:103621, 2023

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.297130Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.412593Z digest=sha256:0697705d5c8027926232063aac906277e14f43a72be0c3f2ada00e4cccf1de6b

Observation 1b968af0-d991-4d48-ad9c-ab9c645d5ba0 · outbound

This paper cites Deutsche telekom and telefónica share network infrastructure to enhance network cover- age, 2021.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Deutsche telekom and telefónica share network infrastructure to enhance network cover- age, 2021

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.279857Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.416895Z digest=sha256:d132950ed80d6ac06e2d3c0af95753ed7b34ac48c985f42d76d25f5f911ca1e3

Observation 922db0c5-d35d-42d1-ab33-6035f63a8678 · outbound

This paper cites Intelli- gent o-ran beyond 5g: Architecture, use cases, chal- lenges, and opportunities.IEEE Access, 12:27088– 27114, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Intelli- gent o-ran beyond 5g: Architecture, use cases, chal- lenges, and opportunities.IEEE Access, 12:27088– 27114, 2024

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.261637Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.421435Z digest=sha256:ce7a9dfd55eef824cb7ea62f4ddf8ce4c01f46f98024fae4c6d3c73a6ec5ccc6

Observation 4d18ee9e-83de-414c-bf91-4a05f302699d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.247187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.426125Z digest=sha256:3ebab5aa6c5a499234cc9193c25936a75b294c57eb94ab5ffa917b05442069a9

Observation 8f23c17e-5c54-48fe-9cd1-5db6a1f4789f · outbound

This paper cites Network cooperation between mobile operators-why and how competitors cooperate? InIMP conf, Atlanta, 2013.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Network cooperation between mobile operators-why and how competitors cooperate? InIMP conf, Atlanta, 2013

Reference 42

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.233592Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.430753Z digest=sha256:d54b8fea50e177a530d9da677a753213a932c7e09c317ef18a216e08bac27031

Observation 0cf81aef-c110-4d58-ac73-bb54a14f2aa6 · outbound

This paper cites Ablation Studies in Artificial Neural Networks.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Ablation Studies in Artificial Neural Networks

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.435339Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.435339Z digest=sha256:1056bebfb98ef6d4a3805ee8a73596dada1d0e0ac14a69fb1844cb6befcded31

Observation ead0f3e4-c270-434e-9fed-564c649568b1 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating the Security of Open Radio Access Networks.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Evaluating the Security of Open Radio Access Networks

Reference 44

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.738718Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.440709Z digest=sha256:7f8e95a9bd1e82c8cd511b6829c78dd4e9bf3444481247ec817aeff07ea8ff1a

Observation f79f60ad-ea06-44bb-9698-f0183c895620 · outbound

This paper cites Designing a performant ablation study framework for pytorch, 2020.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Designing a performant ablation study framework for pytorch, 2020

Reference 45

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.219617Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.445561Z digest=sha256:f874672a51bc247a7d4396f9e67ac118ee5dc2a1f2c8a9f733327f112455ea44

Observation cb22dbbe-bb6e-4c72-b9d5-26a33a249bd2 · outbound

This paper cites Ran sharing: Nec’s approach to- wards active radio access network sharing.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Ran sharing: Nec’s approach to- wards active radio access network sharing

Reference 46

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.205718Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.449955Z digest=sha256:fbfd8a7798f20c800ed0608de8f3f3cf53fbfade87ee60fd13cc3da0a4469f26

Observation db230287-870f-4ac2-9b9a-99803538d0cf · outbound

This paper cites Adversarial Robustness Toolbox v1.0.0.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Adversarial Robustness Toolbox v1.0.0

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.454335Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.454335Z digest=sha256:f0d92835328b051aca84653d12e27a84a563afcdd05cd5b77ba4c9896e2f289d

Observation f06406d4-fc33-4a98-8649-5301cb9e9aec · outbound

This paper cites Intelligent o-ran for beyond 5g and 6g wireless networks.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Intelligent o-ran for beyond 5g and 6g wireless networks

Reference 48

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.192317Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.459226Z digest=sha256:2675844172660311a1b46a245f08d86035402c156a4b35bb42eeec1f756c52b6

Observation 49f624dd-cf99-4bfc-b2e1-5c8135f355be · outbound

This paper cites WG2: Non-real-time RAN Intel- ligent Controller and A1 Interface Workgroup, 2022.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp WG2: Non-real-time RAN Intel- ligent Controller and A1 Interface Workgroup, 2022

Reference 49

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.178758Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.463711Z digest=sha256:594dc76d2004a568f8605c06a2021f86a215f8ba6b1c76422337c89c250bc1c2

Observation 05335a58-08df-40fc-914d-e992639013ad · outbound

This paper cites WG3: Near-real-time RIC and E2 Interface Workgroup, 2022.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp WG3: Near-real-time RIC and E2 Interface Workgroup, 2022

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.165022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.468951Z digest=sha256:4b799faad9a9acffe6ae16dbba13069babc512d8fc1a6a92ffa9197ac045f3ee

Observation f67f8a03-26f6-4a31-8f81-9c6b2e330091 · outbound

This paper cites Energy-efficient virtual radio access networks for multi-operators cooperative cellular net- works.IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, 3(3):603–614, 2019.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Energy-efficient virtual radio access networks for multi-operators cooperative cellular net- works.IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, 3(3):603–614, 2019

Reference 51

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.150306Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.473525Z digest=sha256:5b678b149013488a44c447791091f0f669d099af01efd8a09fb6bea131c35759

Observation 295ee730-4761-4f5d-8acf-47b96805ce79 · outbound

This paper cites Connection management xapp for o-ran ric: A graph neural network and reinforcement learning ap- proach.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Connection management xapp for o-ran ric: A graph neural network and reinforcement learning ap- proach

Reference 52

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.135236Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.478071Z digest=sha256:96252746df3be9767fbb507de38ecbbfb4bee79fad055bbc3c79938a504fc4cf

Observation dc71dd1e-2276-4efe-87cb-0516cf4e1c85 · outbound

This paper cites An investigation on open-ran specifications: Use cases, security threats, requirements, discussions.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp An investigation on open-ran specifications: Use cases, security threats, requirements, discussions

Reference 53

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.121426Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.482420Z digest=sha256:8cbeb32e28a49f25fd704487831f8bc1680a76fecfc8d5284b7b7a4db3e1ca75

Observation d3b17b36-f4a9-4d5f-b086-718ee5628747 · outbound

This paper cites A survey on low latency towards 5g: Ran, core network and caching solu- tions.IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 20(4):3098–3130, 2018.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp A survey on low latency towards 5g: Ran, core network and caching solu- tions.IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 20(4):3098–3130, 2018

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.107284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.487006Z digest=sha256:125ae7418952e5bbe341083ebf3c64de0b108d97d0965e6c719c537c13d55637

Observation 93572670-4211-4299-8472-07a5887cc42a · outbound

This paper cites Au- tomatic differentiation in pytorch.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Au- tomatic differentiation in pytorch

Reference 55

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.092929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.491478Z digest=sha256:2b61050fe626971b1e98d3ae94f57c0bed953bb393bea994a2c699bd7a7cf5c0

Observation 2cf915e5-2af8-47fc-8e08-46d005ebbd69 · outbound

This paper cites Understand- ing o-ran: Architecture, interfaces, algorithms, secu- rity, and research challenges.IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 25(2):1376–1411, 2023.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Understand- ing o-ran: Architecture, interfaces, algorithms, secu- rity, and research challenges.IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 25(2):1376–1411, 2023

Reference 56

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.079404Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.496009Z digest=sha256:bb5a552c6cd45f937e681e367030c482e646d12df4de56c9393cfc1fa4477ead

Observation 9332278f-49b6-4636-9507-54b514706201 · outbound

This paper cites Traffic steering and network selection in 5g networks based on reinforcement learning.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Traffic steering and network selection in 5g networks based on reinforcement learning

Reference 57

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.063479Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.500544Z digest=sha256:79bd7c1e719363c08c201eb053536c61bfe795dd29fff2a34ccd21b860e590d8

Observation ab215c11-e128-488a-8f86-bcba5840ff6c · outbound

This paper cites Unsupervised pre- training of a deep lstm-based stacked autoencoder for multivariate time series forecasting problems.Scientific reports, 9(1):19038, 2019.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Unsupervised pre- training of a deep lstm-based stacked autoencoder for multivariate time series forecasting problems.Scientific reports, 9(1):19038, 2019

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.049874Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.505068Z digest=sha256:d9c740d0ff5ab104ff91988424cd6b4f62ab916094f67dcac2ff1e1ca1bd7c7b

Observation 5fc326ad-5acf-4523-b931-99da92a7e5c8 · outbound

This paper cites How will ric leverage ai/ml to improve user experience?, December 2023.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp How will ric leverage ai/ml to improve user experience?, December 2023

Reference 59

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.034703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.509828Z digest=sha256:bbdffa6b9f9b76534ce6943fc530e3fa5fc51b0f779eb81d9819fa6aecb43984

Observation 951cc7f1-08bd-483a-a780-529586bce13e · outbound

This paper cites Experimental Study of Adversarial Attacks on ML-based xApps in O-RAN.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Experimental Study of Adversarial Attacks on ML-based xApps in O-RAN

Reference 60

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.514476Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.514476Z digest=sha256:75b1ae6fe8125cf174341687346f70e728ab9df968ca6edafe5d6d6b60cacf75

Observation 14ab39eb-fc6f-43b9-beea-1ad4552c33d5 · outbound

This paper cites Security threat analysis and treatment strat- egy for oran.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Security threat analysis and treatment strat- egy for oran

Reference 61

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.017755Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.519520Z digest=sha256:f111df9fdf3b5ffa34c8e81214dc4cdf4681311e2f53c71d401d89761c1afad9

Observation 01897ffe-a903-4500-a46d-660e8126bf61 · outbound

This paper cites Ddos detection and mitigation using d/xapp in o-ran.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Ddos detection and mitigation using d/xapp in o-ran

Reference 62

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.000473Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.524698Z digest=sha256:434baf5b3b7a2eb43cfd19d7adde0b93623dc45009dd1ee5a28d7294b19f5f77

Observation d848e347-a134-4cfe-8579-2c0fbbefa120 · outbound

This paper cites Intelligent Control in 6G Open RAN: Security Risk or Opportunity?.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Intelligent Control in 6G Open RAN: Security Risk or Opportunity?

Reference 63

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.677269Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.529978Z digest=sha256:4ff46e97b2ebd502ca9773aad4a5b5f88f8fc1f99760e807251dea0f2498b558

Observation 80a3ad35-31b8-499d-8ae0-175ffaa77dfd · outbound

This paper cites Neutral host: how open ran and neutral host paves the way for 5g, 2021.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Neutral host: how open ran and neutral host paves the way for 5g, 2021

Reference 64

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.984624Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.535381Z digest=sha256:39f1c9420ff98d4d88157c34b8216c59148e9b881b4e4475b93faff481a83c6b

Observation ce36042b-73ac-450f-b340-131ed7005f11 · outbound

This paper cites A taxonomy and terminology of adversarial machine learning.NIST IR, 2019:1–29, 2019.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp A taxonomy and terminology of adversarial machine learning.NIST IR, 2019:1–29, 2019

Reference 65

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.968455Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.540714Z digest=sha256:19c31f2471b013d37f18b05bbeb64e3de0d9428bb50df0db94849782f1cc70a5

Observation afbf9651-bf03-4135-a6f7-bca005f01d6a · outbound

This paper cites A survey on handover management: From lte to nr.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp A survey on handover management: From lte to nr

Reference 66

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.951398Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.545762Z digest=sha256:1d8db108e4a78049bebdd8d9fbd8390a361fa963dd5df359ab98b8e641685164

Observation f33e1ed3-9a04-491a-8bb6-31a991ad3f24 · outbound

This paper cites Cell tower co-location.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Cell tower co-location

Reference 67

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.935202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.551695Z digest=sha256:15f68dae097f35774b5d5d26869f2193a00d967bedcb5b70f8ce15314fa9c3ce

Observation 4f76d225-a59b-4c33-98d9-2a97e8dbd99b · outbound

This paper cites Ai-driven network intrusion detection and resource allocation in real-world o-ran 5g networks.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Ai-driven network intrusion detection and resource allocation in real-world o-ran 5g networks

Reference 68

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.919618Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.556898Z digest=sha256:a4d0f4cb8330dbdc0f1bc2514d7145bf464dc05d699998c0e46edba8d5dc27c3

Observation c8bec712-cc72-4b92-90a7-7ee7c0840a8b · outbound

This paper cites Technology and innovation open ran, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Technology and innovation open ran, 2024

Reference 69

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.900122Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.561916Z digest=sha256:e45511550749a78105c642d03a1c4406be6e6bd1d2e044f20a15ddee35ea2f2f

Observation 321a9c91-199c-4ab6-86a0-ce095057142d · outbound

This paper cites Lstm- autoencoder-based anomaly detection for indoor air quality time-series data.IEEE Sensors Journal, 23(4):3787–3800, 2023.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Lstm- autoencoder-based anomaly detection for indoor air quality time-series data.IEEE Sensors Journal, 23(4):3787–3800, 2023

Reference 70

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.883213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.567033Z digest=sha256:596d5759feebf7e8e79c6b97cbb0ad50dfa8737bdec7f26d6356045ca3e04baf

Observation d951984e-a8fe-424e-a9e3-bbbbe3e4a044 · outbound

This paper cites Freshwave pumps out 4g from all four uk operators in one unit, 2024.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Freshwave pumps out 4g from all four uk operators in one unit, 2024

Reference 71

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.866183Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.572446Z digest=sha256:e3586b33c1b82a6eff66c4e46bcb238cbf039f3e9430b4bdec2e82ca2053383b

Observation bff11d5c-83e5-410e-b578-2716a2f936a9 · outbound

This paper cites Machine Learning-based Early Attack Detection Using Open RAN Intelligent Controller.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Machine Learning-based Early Attack Detection Using Open RAN Intelligent Controller

Reference 72

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.577561Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.577561Z digest=sha256:c13f1b4a92d66bc55c9b8896be2a6c0b881436025cb6d5e5b9bfec58b1a21a6d

Observation cc0c0838-0f9b-47a4-bdb1-26664bc75407 · outbound

This paper cites Cross-Domain AI for Early Attack Detection and Defense Against Malicious Flows in O-RAN.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Cross-Domain AI for Early Attack Detection and Defense Against Malicious Flows in O-RAN

Reference 73

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.583936Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.583936Z digest=sha256:cef145a68b63a242f69b200b2c7d5113213f67f59036aea000dc19ddf9bda732

Observation e7615aab-3006-4152-bab7-40da359140b2 · outbound

This paper cites Ro- bust deep reinforcement learning against adversarial perturbations on state observations.Advances in Neu- ral Information Processing Systems, 33:21024–21037, 2020.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Ro- bust deep reinforcement learning against adversarial perturbations on state observations.Advances in Neu- ral Information Processing Systems, 33:21024–21037, 2020

Reference 74

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.849345Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.589420Z digest=sha256:4ec129ecefa43ba865f61b1f391d76c68bd84449f784c825991890d54653f50d

Observation 38e07977-dc69-46e2-85a4-f9d32439ab5d · outbound

This paper cites Integrated satellite-terrestrial networks toward 6g: Architectures, applications, and challenges.IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 9(1):437–461, 2021.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Integrated satellite-terrestrial networks toward 6g: Architectures, applications, and challenges.IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 9(1):437–461, 2021

Reference 75

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:19.831990Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.595214Z digest=sha256:4b710b54dd6824c631140305981b3294eb2ddcb56968219e9b131a3c39aa3327

Observation f07d58d0-328d-4a87-ba48-6d477985c938 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp Unresolved cited work

Reference 2024

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T04:14:20.494464Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T04:14:19.333630Z digest=sha256:4b99e813046796400ed1b6ea4073a5e368cdbdc878b2ea540b59739b370ba576

Pith citing papers

Observation 74af2fe5-c50d-420d-a0a5-1fb9389510af · inbound

Jamming Smarter, Not Harder: Exploiting O-RAN Y1 RAN Analytics for Efficient Interference cites this paper.

Jamming Smarter, Not Harder: Exploiting O-RAN Y1 RAN Analytics for Efficient Interference Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp

Reference 14

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T05:37:45.492727Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-05T05:37:44.468950Z digest=sha256:5072161cba9b9426b8c002fd41423a61ecb05fd9834be49623dde336d7eef279

Observation 23ed21bf-c92b-47d1-8399-2c65b460675c · inbound

Distilling Unitary Operations: A No-Go Theorem and Minimal Realization cites this paper.

Distilling Unitary Operations: A No-Go Theorem and Minimal Realization Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-13T14:38:45.031789Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-13T14:38:45.031789Z digest=sha256:7566f4271d7153744ccabc01a9039295a0be0b8704b1907a6d48fea3c761b9f5