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X-ray-induced quenching of the $^{229}$Th clock isomer in CaF$_2$
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abstract
Thorium-229 has the lowest nuclear-excited state (an isomer state) at approximately 8.356 eV, making it excitable with tabletop vacuum-ultraviolet lasers. Despite the recent success of laser excitation, the isomer quenching inside the solid-state environment remains unresolved. In this letter, we present experiments investigating X-ray-induced isomer quenching in the CaF$_2$ host, focusing on the effects of X-ray flux and temperature on the lifetime and yield of the isomer state. Our studies reveal a correlation between isomer production, isomer lifetime during irradiation, and post-irradiation afterglow of the target crystal across different temperatures, highlighting a strong relationship between isomer quenching and color-center dynamics. We developed a model to interpret the isomer quenching and the crystal's luminescence.
Forward citations
Cited by 2 Pith papers
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Frequency reproducibility of solid-state Th-229 nuclear clocks
The 229Th:CaF2 nuclear clock transition frequency is reproducible to 280 Hz (1.4e-13) between two differently doped crystals over four months at the zero-shift temperature of 195 K.
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Ab initio calculations of $^{229}$Th band-to-band internal conversion rate in $^{229}$ThO$_2$
Ab initio FP-LAPW calculations give 229ThO2 band-to-band internal-conversion lifetimes of 1–16 μs that rise sharply as the host band gap approaches the 8.35 eV nuclear energy and match the measured Mössbauer lifetime ...
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