Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:57:56.132621Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 50 of 50 outbound references and 5 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.11462.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:57:56.132621Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:08:56.179861Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-02T08:16:47.669880Z
50 of 50 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 25c886f1-e267-4ca3-ac33-80c046f1868f · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 2c5c92f9-357a-45f0-bdff-aa587e9c0dc3 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models G., and Sutphen, M
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 42562aad-0855-42f8-8431-cf4b568ca13f · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Lessons From Red Teaming 100 Generative AI Products
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ec64eca6-04bf-48fe-9e85-c88459f4df9f · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models T., Farah, H., Gui, H., Rezaei, S
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 3e3af9c9-8291-4b2c-9293-932ee956fe5d · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Benchmarking large language models on answering and explaining challenging medical questions
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 87344c85-6269-4546-8a89-88cc6300acce · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models SFT or RL? An Early Investigation into Training R1-Like Reasoning Large Vision-Language Models
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 71c28014-abc5-4cd1-a784-3518fa783ac5 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models HuatuoGPT-o1, Towards Medical Complex Reasoning with LLMs
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6248ec79-47b2-4d00-be1c-1560e2360dc9 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models SFT Memorizes, RL Generalizes: A Comparative Study of Foundation Model Post-training
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 08effff5-3236-4cc0-9951-2ff932a1644c · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models A universal model of diagnostic reasoning
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation abf8c377-5417-425a-9835-0a4486263388 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models OpenVLThinker: Complex Vision-Language Reasoning via Iterative SFT-RL Cycles
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d41c0ed5-6292-4a18-9e68-a11ecdc92e6f · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models S., Shulman, L
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation d8e52060-3a65-4073-bc63-b3304e3d0d67 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Medgemma hugging face
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation ca049a1b-3681-48b4-8900-39918e0e6467 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models The Llama 3 Herd of Models
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bbd7a809-0d26-41a3-b4cf-9a7025ec5f6e · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Domain-specific language model pretraining for biomedical natural language processing
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation dcd2d587-e900-40db-ac9f-26e72d4e6f96 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9dd2dba2-847e-419c-9cad-bd4e6dceaaf8 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models K., et al
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 80a06c1f-8567-48b8-b84a-172ec31e0619 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models m1: Unleash the potential of test-time scaling for medical reasoning with large language models
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fd94fa28-0754-4359-854f-1548389cbd55 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models GPT-4o System Card
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 45c08075-ed99-4f6b-89f6-cbc725cee737 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models OpenAI o1 System Card
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1848102d-2a74-4533-b4c0-5b38d261f2a2 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models What disease does this patient have? a large-scale open domain question answering dataset from medical exams
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation fc580b76-bac7-404c-a072-9f72809b54db · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Disentangling Memory and Reasoning Ability in Large Language Models
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1ed913cc-4498-4a27-8f20-7d6b2f9984d1 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models PubMedQA: A Dataset for Biomedical Research Question Answering
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 919829a4-676a-4df7-bbf0-17245d51a1b9 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Training Language Models to Self-Correct via Reinforcement Learning
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c793b0cf-68f1-4c80-853f-8e1dd4ea8e2d · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models H., Gonzalez, J., Zhang, H., and Stoica, I
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation aec1cb67-43bd-49c0-92ac-1542533ea5cb · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Using script theory to cultivate illness script formation and clinical reasoning in health professions education
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 1de6b7fb-be87-4299-8821-d27cf50f450b · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Self-refine: Iterative refinement with self-feedback.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , 36:46534–46594, 2023
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 8a9bd012-86a7-48ba-88a4-6fd1c0a45b27 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 381e8c61-29f0-4ba5-b7e7-5e3fc1d9dbe1 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models K., and Sankarasubbu, M
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6b07d5b8-527e-4320-ad75-23b01e83cff9 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 9aa8c74e-ec51-4088-a963-0edb2332cbdc · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Humanity's Last Exam
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 92a06937-9bbe-47a8-baa6-759e633db587 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models L., Stickland, A
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation d2015f21-5d21-4e5b-97bd-21d7b7e3640a · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 336b3cfa-207e-46d7-96e0-bc439302446b · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 41cff60e-bbae-4725-8de6-5ffc590c4e3f · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models HybridFlow: A Flexible and Efficient RLHF Framework
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a7d7f186-519a-431b-aea5-f1fb8dedf3d4 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 928e991b-ae16-47cc-9919-bb09a063d528 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Embracing complexity with systems thinking in general practitioners’ clinical reasoning helps handling uncertainty
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation be2bacc5-a788-41ef-a7cf-7a3e65752a7a · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Kimi k1.5: Scaling Reinforcement Learning with LLMs
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 41a1d290-2f33-455c-a71f-8c4621e5e815 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models HEAD-QA: A Healthcare Dataset for Complex Reasoning
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 99bbe380-8c15-4ea5-9a63-06fd2bc697af · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Mmlu-pro: A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 3b492577-4f41-4d36-a32e-c5c8c3135c49 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models V ., Zhou, D., et al
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 472cceec-1574-497f-b478-430a8599104b · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Generating Sequences by Learning to Self-Correct
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0078763b-4242-4659-9a27-4151b0d0c5ca · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models MedReason: Eliciting Factual Medical Reasoning Steps in LLMs via Knowledge Graphs
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 29473ed1-6c72-469d-8e0b-778378520ded · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Qwen2.5 Technical Report
Reference 43
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation caa646ae-da9c-4e7e-9d66-66e9147286e2 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models R1-Onevision: Advancing Generalized Multimodal Reasoning through Cross-Modal Formalization
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7570d88c-48a4-43b4-a53b-72612674e3db · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models and Hoseini Abardeh, M
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 77a1754e-84ad-4dae-a433-87cf075a1006 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Backtracking Improves Generation Safety
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 67c248f1-1b30-4300-9e07-7cedbadfc63a · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Easyr1: An efficient, scalable, multi-modality rl training framework, 2025
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 5d51348b-aca2-4dd7-9fc7-b40a7bc084e0 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Evaluation of openai o1: Opportunities and challenges of agi
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 664108b8-aa56-4930-bc1c-585558863c94 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models Navigating the Grey Area: How Expressions of Uncertainty and Overconfidence Affect Language Models
Reference 49
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a6deb072-9fe2-4cc4-ba96-89e80df68f58 · outbound
Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models MedXpertQA: Benchmarking Expert-Level Medical Reasoning and Understanding
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fa72c826-4858-41b7-8118-e88fec1060cb · inbound
Rethinking Test-Time Scaling for Medical AI: Model and Task-Aware Strategies for LLMs and VLMs Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a2fd42b1-9267-40cb-a7c9-dcdd005dd195 · inbound
How Far Have Medical Vision-Language Models Come? A Comprehensive Benchmarking Study Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d429c716-8372-44de-9094-d91b07dfceaa · inbound
Medical Reasoning with Large Language Models: A Survey and MR-Bench Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 7074bbad-d145-406e-9251-d0678ecfb4e8 · inbound
Evo-MedAgent: Beyond One-Shot Diagnosis with Agents That Remember, Reflect, and Improve Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 89a6fd6d-b127-4d3f-9c84-8991d5531de1 · inbound
Search-Time Contamination in Deep Research Agents: Measuring Performance Inflation in Public Benchmark Evaluation Disentangling Reasoning and Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.