Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 31 of 31 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.16703.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.16703 v1

Coverage vector

measured 31 of 31 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.894128Z

measured 33 of 33 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T00:31:09.754023Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-03T14:38:28.625576Z

Reference resolution

31 of 31 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy2
unresolved27
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch2

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 0daf8a15-2d6a-4b70-8464-3db14bdaaaf6 · outbound

This paper cites Knowledge Neurons in Pretrained Transformers.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Knowledge Neurons in Pretrained Transformers

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:15.482314Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4cfde2ae-00b6-4b52-9abb-40cd57cb32ea · outbound

This paper cites DELLA-Merging: Reducing Interference in Model Merging through Magnitude-Based Sampling.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs DELLA-Merging: Reducing Interference in Model Merging through Magnitude-Based Sampling

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:15.628059Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4bf7c7c3-e4da-4cb6-ab3b-4a5892574a46 · outbound

This paper cites The Lottery Ticket Hypothesis: Finding Sparse, Trainable Neural Networks.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs The Lottery Ticket Hypothesis: Finding Sparse, Trainable Neural Networks

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:15.736832Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7cdd8e6d-0f20-41a1-b01b-9ccd67e7d346 · outbound

This paper cites MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:15.865512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9c7bb40b-7391-48c2-ba69-9fecd65ad514 · outbound

This paper cites Transformer Feed-Forward Layers Are Key-Value Memories.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Transformer Feed-Forward Layers Are Key-Value Memories

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:16.080026Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e2af8d88-d973-48ea-88f1-63f28804a456 · outbound

This paper cites InProceedings of the 2024 Confer- ence on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: Industry Track, pages 477–485.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs InProceedings of the 2024 Confer- ence on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: Industry Track, pages 477–485

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:18.625578Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c350d1d2-cc72-4bd3-84d6-a0dd322d4340 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4o System Card.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs GPT-4o System Card

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:16.416258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6407c631-4142-4159-9072-0df265bed3a7 · outbound

This paper cites Editing Models with Task Arithmetic.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Editing Models with Task Arithmetic

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:16.529417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f36f4cbe-ae25-4a6e-bb70-b6b9ea3c6815 · outbound

This paper cites A Mechanistic Understanding of Alignment Algorithms: A Case Study on DPO and Toxicity.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs A Mechanistic Understanding of Alignment Algorithms: A Case Study on DPO and Toxicity

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:16.715517Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c5176e28-ee29-4688-a4f3-92fe13c2d2bf · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of State of the Art Large Vision Language Models: Alignment, Benchmark, Evaluations and Challenges.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs A Survey of State of the Art Large Vision Language Models: Alignment, Benchmark, Evaluations and Challenges

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:16.822107Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5e20d6b8-fa03-4441-b871-355188fc92ef · outbound

This paper cites An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-tuning.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-tuning

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:16.893330Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f831cfad-782a-48e4-b8f3-ab4c9e814518 · outbound

This paper cites Can a Suit of Armor Conduct Electricity? A New Dataset for Open Book Question Answering.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Can a Suit of Armor Conduct Electricity? A New Dataset for Open Book Question Answering

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.012400Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ed696e5f-affc-4a42-aac4-c11a1959732a · outbound

This paper cites Arithmetic Without Algorithms: Language Models Solve Math With a Bag of Heuristics.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Arithmetic Without Algorithms: Language Models Solve Math With a Bag of Heuristics

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.103469Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e3eceedb-5157-489e-92c0-b7c9d59d63cd · outbound

This paper cites Training-Free Mitigation of Language Reasoning Degradation After Multimodal Instruction Tuning.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Training-Free Mitigation of Language Reasoning Degradation After Multimodal Instruction Tuning

Reference 23

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:18.266001Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation cecbd9ad-ec7f-45a4-af66-9cdc93036216 · outbound

This paper cites GLU Variants Improve Transformer.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs GLU Variants Improve Transformer

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.271053Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7c925eba-f128-457b-9153-d185ebe10e1a · outbound

This paper cites CommonsenseQA: A Question Answering Challenge Targeting Commonsense Knowledge.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs CommonsenseQA: A Question Answering Challenge Targeting Commonsense Knowledge

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.346333Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 80691039-d636-4a9c-a9d4-c1737232ed22 · outbound

This paper cites Continual Learning and Catastrophic Forgetting.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Continual Learning and Catastrophic Forgetting

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.442757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 46041684-e5d8-4e5a-ba5e-6de9859de2d1 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-VL2: Mixture-of-Experts Vision-Language Models for Advanced Multimodal Understanding.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs DeepSeek-VL2: Mixture-of-Experts Vision-Language Models for Advanced Multimodal Understanding

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.543949Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9f34fd89-dffc-497f-a290-2c0fad246885 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5 Technical Report.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Qwen2.5 Technical Report

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.618094Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d89aa5e3-e998-4ded-83a3-412d9c8aa646 · outbound

This paper cites Neuron-Level Knowledge Attribution in Large Language Models.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Neuron-Level Knowledge Attribution in Large Language Models

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.699322Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e3e28457-c1f8-4f71-ae8f-c8b985a43595 · outbound

This paper cites Interpreting Arithmetic Mechanism in Large Language Models through Comparative Neuron Analysis.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Interpreting Arithmetic Mechanism in Large Language Models through Comparative Neuron Analysis

Reference 30

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:18.061628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 9b7af777-7bbe-4738-b001-93d3c891236e · outbound

This paper cites Model Tailor: Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multi-modal Large Language Models.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Model Tailor: Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multi-modal Large Language Models

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:17.894128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 28354d74-863d-445f-b79d-ead1b31d2764 · outbound

This paper cites An Empirical Investigation of Catastrophic Forgetting in Gradient-Based Neural Networks.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs An Empirical Investigation of Catastrophic Forgetting in Gradient-Based Neural Networks

Reference 2013

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:16.300662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 50e21bdb-12da-483d-b7d0-3994290aff56 · outbound

This paper cites RACE: Large-scale ReAding Comprehension Dataset From Examinations.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs RACE: Large-scale ReAding Comprehension Dataset From Examinations

Reference 2017

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:16.622439Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e4e27a9d-e666-4485-9568-5fa7989a7f11 · outbound

This paper cites Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge

Reference 2018

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:15.236401Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ce08a26b-a0c4-4f16-aee8-630e6df30ab4 · outbound

This paper cites Zhe Chen, Jiannan Wu, Wenhai Wang, Weijie Su, Guo Chen, Sen Xing, Muyan Zhong, Qinglong Zhang, Xizhou Zhu, Lewei Lu, and 1 others.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Zhe Chen, Jiannan Wu, Wenhai Wang, Weijie Su, Guo Chen, Sen Xing, Muyan Zhong, Qinglong Zhang, Xizhou Zhu, Lewei Lu, and 1 others

Reference 2020

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:18.817133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c8493984-64c8-4e05-a072-3f1fdb6c3272 · outbound

This paper cites Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:15.374370Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 17f73a69-b124-4b4c-ab11-fe67c1e9120e · outbound

This paper cites Transformer Feed-Forward Layers Build Predictions by Promoting Concepts in the Vocabulary Space.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Transformer Feed-Forward Layers Build Predictions by Promoting Concepts in the Vocabulary Space

Reference 2022

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:15.976488Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d2edf660-d1f8-452d-b857-b3820c59af7d · outbound

This paper cites Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:14.953954Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dd140f57-8dab-4e83-81b7-1ec99905e720 · outbound

This paper cites Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Language Transfer via Model Merging.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Language Transfer via Model Merging

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:14.872832Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fc8cb21c-5dbf-46ca-b1df-a621ef314656 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report.

Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:01:15.046812Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation cacd3031-967f-4642-86a7-03f93f9bb24f · inbound

Unlocking Speech-Text Compositional Powers: Instruction-Following Speech Language Models without Instruction Tuning cites this paper.

Unlocking Speech-Text Compositional Powers: Instruction-Following Speech Language Models without Instruction Tuning Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs

Reference 34

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T14:38:28.626907Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d418b826-fae0-43ee-b198-42ef8171a1d0 · inbound

NeuPAT: Neuron-aware Plasticity Allocation Tuning for Language-Preserving MLLMs cites this paper.

NeuPAT: Neuron-aware Plasticity Allocation Tuning for Language-Preserving MLLMs Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:31:09.754023Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.