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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 54 of 54 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.19121.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.19121 v2

Coverage vector

measured 54 of 54 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:02.780673Z

measured 55 of 55 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:08.501322Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:08.802546Z

Reference resolution

54 of 54 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy1
  • unresolved53
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d9b6d6df-3085-40d0-8ad5-0e54546ee8e9 · outbound

This paper cites Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:57.748876Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:57.748876Z digest=sha256:f8f30e89657cb092d488aaa757742fde9ee823574d1470dc36301aaf9d00a201

Observation a71421a4-ef1b-46a0-88a8-74c72466bb96 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:10.572003Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:57.859212Z digest=sha256:46581b1452b38995f050605f9f271ad4fc19de94f250ec9592f716cc1a8f9774

Observation 0c225f0b-798d-436f-98d1-63f17b81022b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:10.366864Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:57.917866Z digest=sha256:91c440a8aabd09563e1fa1e198bdadef1257172a39f0b7188b680a2155db7f94

Observation c7d3ba92-f385-400a-a79b-23918b1253c2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:10.226314Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:57.971449Z digest=sha256:a157b5000b4691e7a27249ceb918493dcb2329c0cd12827d3f84f05edb09b503

Observation 2b9603d7-98b2-45e1-8ef8-244530926e3f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:10.136300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.110212Z digest=sha256:2dd23293fe0f0386568406aaace2a9b415b336768c9370b3b26ce76f14ed7540

Observation cbecfce7-c79e-48a3-b5f1-9035c4475b51 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.942620Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.233784Z digest=sha256:fb1ec2d740a22ad57524ba462bf9059df0c6d9703d73541fb0376db48964eef7

Observation 1585b56b-aaa6-4083-a2d2-60068e8ec2e7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.836371Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.284216Z digest=sha256:d83e7f4b02090356f265e79429a16d76e89f66503ec000aa143910912a2754a2

Observation 586d0e9f-5c36-4508-b3c5-fff15c9302f3 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:58.365039Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.365039Z digest=sha256:0aefb5573e596ecbfad00624e67dd2c22940e5f0aed1937e08fed51e9fc9a5ed

Observation 121b4ac0-b72f-4880-b289-461502236791 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.713774Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.456822Z digest=sha256:fbdd690fca62b8fb98c7f2f51a6889deb4345f05a16f341ebe5fdacdbde0b57f

Observation ed789331-5787-4141-9c15-7a57dd8c7e84 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.595896Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.560261Z digest=sha256:f022cb44137b413fa28328d4b88f846036c9054d0bfba944af204b91c357f20f

Observation a3bf7300-ae78-491b-b7ab-116c74efb29e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.463277Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.654134Z digest=sha256:f9948739f5fb1ae6d016f62921bbd12929d76cb2bc7d38eabcebe565c7f162b8

Observation ab433064-1ce8-4852-be97-082aaf999d34 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.338054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.747646Z digest=sha256:4c7864bea9cefba556a74252a78d662dd936c02715f1f77a788cdb8395a6c313

Observation 889a16e3-e474-4476-927b-d50f42e2e31b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.259998Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.839923Z digest=sha256:737337d0d9e743318e2f5b6eceaa7d78495e0c6a60036fe4655d6c7320799d66

Observation 803b47d2-15ec-48db-94a0-9e3d899e2950 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:58.929257Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.929257Z digest=sha256:da7fe55017b131c71d370b8a841b5183195eec852f64179bf8fa5f9d96ce54fb

Observation 64139fc5-5445-4d53-8a79-81b1647786e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.130473Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.040709Z digest=sha256:d981426e3e586d186bf489570b070da8671632bcaa1e253151a95e4076f2d295

Observation e98fc3ca-fb60-4618-b170-d1267d821102 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral 7B.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Mistral 7B

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.119995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.119995Z digest=sha256:6824d04cf2e259aa1a60b791b09212e735821478401ad85d1647ba5ec6142944

Observation b03efc23-5db7-4308-9580-c28ce9e2008f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.000509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.232610Z digest=sha256:eceb7da1e01dd5be2fe938b022c6bcbd4e7c6a80122fc54da8dba06a1920bcef

Observation 02148ffe-3c8c-4148-a875-1d0ed35b43db · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:08.847856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.318151Z digest=sha256:f7da9b800bbbaf222dc64f1e844552a601f5359ccf8656c2ab1f6dbb4e920d26

Observation 767417b6-ef7e-4a45-8297-6d1a8a1fa665 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.427713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.427713Z digest=sha256:c0eda55829f279c12ba6e2d3642c6395c8a6c84fc7e84a1db1508b9b26c6097c

Observation d505b07b-8693-418a-b8cf-771aa89b29de · outbound

This paper cites Gonzalez, Hao Zhang, and Ion Stoica.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Gonzalez, Hao Zhang, and Ion Stoica

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.530524Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.530524Z digest=sha256:624615a8df1ae0544e3d80b4b7cb9d2baf1edb51308031881c91285e02c9b8d2

Observation ea85d832-c3be-429c-96f7-884e30c5a38c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.816557Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.586365Z digest=sha256:6eb52b7b1e5638a181e3568712a1fa773ff48b61d698db83a43bbc2fc918c9c6

Observation 615c2593-9c11-4706-aa54-81b4ffb52d59 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.584087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.620074Z digest=sha256:345b71b599a582e51ca5a6648ac5f0af665297a233e35fc184d9f407b1cb8b45

Observation b9861160-178a-4cbd-b320-d465cdc5c87d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.441543Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.661233Z digest=sha256:dcbc6d8dab4d22faef18ffdf1adf69c6c42040d474b46c7f72fa66e84b5f31a5

Observation a5faeb88-a3d8-4623-916c-f3eaccb19017 · outbound

This paper cites Language Ranker: A Metric for Quantifying LLM Performance Across High and Low-Resource Languages.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Language Ranker: A Metric for Quantifying LLM Performance Across High and Low-Resource Languages

Reference 25

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.747797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.747797Z digest=sha256:7503d4865d266b626088edcddc67af43425e381f769d550bc51f9a570c3d9c5e

Observation 5e67b882-91e0-4a5c-b200-649aec656e37 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.348158Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.825891Z digest=sha256:cae3d8f8fb7a6595b8e2d49c48430973cfa13ebabf2ea07255ea270d8f502181

Observation ae4b5746-7f0a-446e-85b4-494cd7d817d6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.868837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.868837Z digest=sha256:fe949406959375ca78f35401d943ff04c23a45460829951ab26cabb027cfa13c

Observation 8668caec-00b4-4ec5-9b2a-31bda7216b69 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.933691Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.933691Z digest=sha256:cbda615cf179469df1749e9a17730f7baf308378c67cfcb4b80637db1f28dcd3

Observation 791f249f-a74c-4743-aecf-93ba6d5f748e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.223319Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.978097Z digest=sha256:1a3ad5e25c6e46deccbfd3b2cf11ed3368cef9a8fcf56c1f7c15f2663200a377

Observation 20933e57-f4b1-4c07-8b63-d13858fe3f82 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.074487Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.110526Z digest=sha256:aeb7da7106edd1e55e81d6c2b8eefd1aeeb55579f412a3d9f8070d35679ae644

Observation 7fb904f6-e47b-4196-a6aa-ad072f40cbb4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.940517Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.163507Z digest=sha256:c9328e393fadcfb94b71362a34b932e5873fce7107d0c67e24cad82fffe6a9d2

Observation 55ab532f-1249-48ec-9fe7-5403bc237bba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.799798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.198621Z digest=sha256:c3e2f0b412e16d8afa1ef401a8acd3e091f72306aa7582fd2741c5fa7c38ba39

Observation 6f8244d8-19f5-4c03-8b42-c13d3290f7af · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 33

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:00.307490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.307490Z digest=sha256:8a87bc3cec9a24eea21ced0c88ac985765d3cb41a27f1c9b593e6b7f961b2667

Observation f3b15e64-ccdc-4871-8965-d1d87888161d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.670258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.399754Z digest=sha256:fdc340089ada99b6f83ca2925bd80f8c8ac9ebb3e5ed4240e9b7443ecdd6fb8f

Observation 0b755be1-65ba-4aa6-92ea-af6e74f07a01 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.519320Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.474914Z digest=sha256:94e2fde4dfee34e6bbb1745dc055138244faf14effd894250f65ead4cedc0f9a

Observation eecac05c-edf6-47c5-bce8-125de7d96ff9 · outbound

This paper cites Smith, and Yejin Choi.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Smith, and Yejin Choi

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.369666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.568085Z digest=sha256:0ea493f1c7c8d73babc62b69e818c8fe630db85028f78ec4e445165780c2e00a

Observation 55383c79-44c9-40cd-ab47-144017f0db6c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.235963Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.652204Z digest=sha256:59d72cdfbb2258a2eecde966c8cceeddb4d9f55c7506d644e43494865b6e02fb

Observation 65c52025-9fee-4700-8a62-794f4a68ae69 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.082730Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.738994Z digest=sha256:18e159c4463017e389d691078bccd091789ffc1c5234ae0af6dc4dae300ff214

Observation 4b3ae3b3-8921-44ca-b3aa-14c1e5e2863f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:00.799499Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.799499Z digest=sha256:cf759b068d9fd8c0aa1c258b7a4fb88f66f512dd803796828a9abca3a1ab02a6

Observation efba6249-aee5-4643-aefa-3dc707c06ab8 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:00.861800Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.861800Z digest=sha256:91fcfc2aa18d0e12d487f9919b3252d7549d03555a0e8ee5b11cdaf629183168

Observation 6b48eaad-feda-4dbe-8164-b656986de402 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.980002Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.965917Z digest=sha256:a7dbfe390c6e4cef178b6d0724bc16d51c709c204afe252e0e9c84f23667bc45

Observation d571604c-b534-44dc-8c88-858f9be490cd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.838509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.041538Z digest=sha256:ea5c1e111e20c52b603a1591c8405719f5ae8b46743ec0fa258db1e315c69cb0

Observation 3693dac4-54a5-4720-8263-71a56c80ea19 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:01.155924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.155924Z digest=sha256:7a982aabc82231593a2f6149178611860c11438cdaa945683e1d707f5329b076

Observation b1279b7c-d86a-4485-a1cf-792f2f81c389 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.656913Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.241318Z digest=sha256:d4e3100dcff20ce9f911580852bc0957bdb77dbc0814ca4dbb188bee291483ff

Observation 5a2e6d43-24a8-4f42-a8a9-38e63aef2ebe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.448505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.382800Z digest=sha256:08f1600de024df8c5595df3c0689d02a0da0859f38de11100fb80efbb37229a0

Observation e27a3821-df40-4f44-a46a-d11f76959ac9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.285316Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.565279Z digest=sha256:4a14ab2f7a9130d3cab26ff3c60b5521da2170caddde23613d80763a53aa2a59

Observation b436fdd8-6062-4cec-b161-5ee96bdb9223 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.989668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.676069Z digest=sha256:771935782df64a884a1facfa2d5c1b77ad2dae925fa72b10786e5657a76bf65e

Observation c17949bb-1d91-4b32-b8cd-65985e56009b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.740636Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.822052Z digest=sha256:cea9d7f02a5368476cbfa63a76e3bb63b065371a9f72c926e9872df7ef5c9375

Observation f0c5b587-223e-4447-94ed-cd05e52bbb9f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.471797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.960416Z digest=sha256:83d77edc01c32230ce6905aa9e8ca29920b9ed5639794617760e64ef6d529290

Observation 08c869d5-4fd9-44d8-917a-547ea28e86d3 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Large Language Models.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models A Survey of Large Language Models

Reference 50

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:02.107614Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.107614Z digest=sha256:7cd0b0a14c9380cafd747d6053dac763ad9a68109ec156bc600493210ea39613

Observation aff24d3f-cd1c-4926-8b23-226a321469aa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.261931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.259766Z digest=sha256:ff4ef7bd59efbd91654ad9c3501ecde9b79c172333fc3e4291caaf3893f90e4e

Observation 282c24fe-13d2-4e89-a6bb-52fa1efffee6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.123855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.380614Z digest=sha256:2a77f314baaf385d017110260daa86dadbc5f163922d4b4e789e493db9bd991d

Observation 5033b4bd-cb39-4790-95b3-9bd8b469741a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:03.959078Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.563609Z digest=sha256:cbaf97a0d586e57958f72c3cf89f0891a630be1a6fd02ceca5712b256c2d6211

Observation 96f8e4e0-1f3c-4c44-86c3-49c770b94527 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 54

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:02.651151Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.651151Z digest=sha256:be3a88481a2d49217395f14b16990d9e889f902058372e3d18c5ecefebd6578e

Observation 3eb16391-40fd-4b5d-af5f-b93b603c5d78 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models write newline

Reference 55

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:02.780673Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.780673Z digest=sha256:c84714756eec06940acefcffb6f37803b31e2b3c0ac450aad302f99a1710db42

Pith citing papers

Observation 56c32fd6-5e3b-410d-ab04-1d9e4f958f98 · inbound

A Dual-Layered Evaluation of Geopolitical and Cultural Bias in LLMs cites this paper.

A Dual-Layered Evaluation of Geopolitical and Cultural Bias in LLMs Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models

Reference 26

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:09.069980Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T22:22:08.501322Z digest=sha256:a317b934465382d475fb27ece548b3255e53099063a5b1f4f71c34fd3830bb80