Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 17 of 17 outbound references and 4 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.23224.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.23224 v3

Coverage vector

measured 17 of 17 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.026308Z

measured 21 of 21 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 4 of 4 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T11:01:39.798306Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-12T08:40:41.536822Z

Reference resolution

17 of 17 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy5
unresolved12
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 49c66420-6937-47b8-b55c-720867af52fe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:30.633690Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c59d1132-dec6-4834-a8bb-7ad1cc89fa0a · outbound

This paper cites High-Dimensional Continuous Control Using Generalized Advantage Estimation.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration High-Dimensional Continuous Control Using Generalized Advantage Estimation

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:28.220530Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 812c28b7-76cc-4be2-b8a7-6234dd847183 · outbound

This paper cites SaySelf: Teaching LLMs to Express Confidence with Self-Reflective Rationales.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration SaySelf: Teaching LLMs to Express Confidence with Self-Reflective Rationales

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:28.308636Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7ad15cee-895d-4af0-a40a-8459c84c96ef · outbound

This paper cites Redundant Irrelevant Image level.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Redundant Irrelevant Image level

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.993691Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 1e8bb56f-cefd-40e7-842f-becb4bceb7e7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:30.601889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 9bdea4ae-fe92-47ad-9d51-ac20bfbc417e · outbound

This paper cites Reasoning level.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Reasoning level

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:30.513452Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 47a6196a-c523-4fef-9c82-737d9d227d0d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:30.340358Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation b6814462-e423-42c5-ad3f-bc7dae30fa56 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:30.159420Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 53d8b652-9cdd-4698-a76f-d571f48874ad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:30.067472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 961d92cc-05f6-43d7-a195-5929b00abc2a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.858290Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f0a58322-3584-4064-9ce7-33b25bc62b3b · outbound

This paper cites Reasoning level.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Reasoning level

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.760820Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 51d48e39-7265-4806-b439-827697644e02 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.612584Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation acb28308-9f71-4f26-93e4-f3840fb2fdef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.534011Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8749886e-8e25-4e72-a5e9-24da787bd34b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.437008Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 27026dae-05dc-4b0a-9197-c44c7ea49b35 · outbound

This paper cites Filter Generate Quality Evaluate Figure 5: The Annotation Pipeline.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Filter Generate Quality Evaluate Figure 5: The Annotation Pipeline

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.277821Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 9e728fb2-363b-4aeb-9959-0406389880d6 · outbound

This paper cites matches.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration matches

Reference 2022

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:29.147598Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation b1ae971d-ff62-41bb-a7ad-e3d8e4e8eaa9 · outbound

This paper cites Hallucination of Multimodal Large Language Models: A Survey.

MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration Hallucination of Multimodal Large Language Models: A Survey

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:56:28.154423Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 090ab820-c4d3-4483-8209-f3f36d0870cd · inbound

Towards Reasoning Era: A Survey of Long Chain-of-Thought for Reasoning Large Language Models cites this paper.

Towards Reasoning Era: A Survey of Long Chain-of-Thought for Reasoning Large Language Models MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration

Reference 257

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T08:40:41.539642Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 54b81bdb-9f80-45fe-87d4-7f5dacbedb96 · inbound

Unveiling the Lack of LVLM Robustness to Fundamental Visual Variations: Why and Path Forward cites this paper.

Unveiling the Lack of LVLM Robustness to Fundamental Visual Variations: Why and Path Forward MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T11:01:39.798306Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c21bd77c-df04-4c17-af26-26e6b0a4b6e6 · inbound

MAC-Tuning: LLM Multi-Compositional Problem Reasoning with Enhanced Knowledge Boundary Awareness cites this paper.

MAC-Tuning: LLM Multi-Compositional Problem Reasoning with Enhanced Knowledge Boundary Awareness MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T04:59:38.765328Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f0b45348-e724-41f4-9fb8-c0346ff4b74b · inbound

CultureCLIP: Empowering CLIP with Cultural Awareness through Synthetic Images and Contextualized Captions cites this paper.

CultureCLIP: Empowering CLIP with Cultural Awareness through Synthetic Images and Contextualized Captions MMBoundary: Advancing MLLM Knowledge Boundary Awareness through Reasoning Step Confidence Calibration

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:13:07.305914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.