Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 41 of 41 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.23276.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.23276 v2

Coverage vector

measured 41 of 41 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:50.855742Z

measured 42 of 42 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T21:15:08.443779Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T21:15:37.558889Z

Reference resolution

41 of 41 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy12
unresolved28
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation dced8042-f775-4af7-99b1-2d4a3eab3ae4 · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:44.334655Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b46d6eff-cf48-4e78-bbc3-8b86547d8774 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:55.523681Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b9f92c56-a627-4f72-937f-9d69daf5a99a · outbound

This paper cites LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:44.647795Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ae065fb7-0d9d-4884-9084-b07f87f0bf9d · outbound

This paper cites GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:44.790358Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0f29d970-6b1a-4bdf-b59d-a4a2e69306df · outbound

This paper cites Textbooks Are All You Need.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Textbooks Are All You Need

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:44.938281Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3bc9301b-e1b1-4f12-bbc7-2036e1646af1 · outbound

This paper cites URL: https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r-v01.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text URL: https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r-v01

Reference 6

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:51.119775Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 75287122-fbcd-47e7-8495-c99cc93bca72 · outbound

This paper cites Mitchell, Y.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Mitchell, Y

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:55.285578Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 07bc8c81-c6c0-4709-8800-ea6fcb62d5d5 · outbound

This paper cites Fast-DetectGPT: Efficient Zero-Shot Detection of Machine-Generated Text via Conditional Probability Curvature.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Fast-DetectGPT: Efficient Zero-Shot Detection of Machine-Generated Text via Conditional Probability Curvature

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:45.455599Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 73b27cf4-fa64-4a90-b0d8-1c1be0fd9d26 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Detection of LLMs-Generated Content.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text A Survey on Detection of LLMs-Generated Content

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:45.609929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3e256178-4900-48b4-a327-86ad2f58314a · outbound

This paper cites CHEAT: A Large-scale Dataset for Detecting ChatGPT-writtEn AbsTracts.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text CHEAT: A Large-scale Dataset for Detecting ChatGPT-writtEn AbsTracts

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:45.784470Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ed9f6f56-ca75-4ef8-b882-1702db06e966 · outbound

This paper cites Mapping the Increasing Use of LLMs in Scientific Papers.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Mapping the Increasing Use of LLMs in Scientific Papers

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:45.994551Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 610c80ea-b910-4b55-9036-943572f07a5d · outbound

This paper cites Muñoz-Ortiz, C.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Muñoz-Ortiz, C

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:54.922819Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation dc27ca0a-936a-4309-9811-9e35e590d876 · outbound

This paper cites Jais and Jais-chat: Arabic-Centric Foundation and Instruction-Tuned Open Generative Large Language Models.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Jais and Jais-chat: Arabic-Centric Foundation and Instruction-Tuned Open Generative Large Language Models

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:46.311073Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a5c2f527-a1ce-4c3f-a7de-4e0db9686229 · outbound

This paper cites AceGPT, Localizing Large Language Models in Arabic.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text AceGPT, Localizing Large Language Models in Arabic

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:46.508532Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 83d90524-865c-4fb1-9b8a-1e7c1cefaade · outbound

This paper cites ALLaM: Large Language Models for Arabic and English.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text ALLaM: Large Language Models for Arabic and English

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:46.676119Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5d921743-8b1e-492a-b740-6ac7d12c21e7 · outbound

This paper cites Alshammari, A.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Alshammari, A

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:54.606013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation e58935cc-93b8-4123-82ac-fcbb2e65deb6 · outbound

This paper cites Alshammari, A.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Alshammari, A

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:54.394138Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6b405e99-5f46-40a5-aef0-09bc0c192689 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on LLM-Generated Text Detection: Necessity, Methods, and Future Directions.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text A Survey on LLM-Generated Text Detection: Necessity, Methods, and Future Directions

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:47.172712Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation faf4c233-bc75-4d06-837d-d6a34a6bf230 · outbound

This paper cites Koike, M.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Koike, M

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:54.125121Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f17c053e-9447-467d-a9b1-a293526b0d30 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:53.923248Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b4edb628-cbc4-4ae6-ac2d-3116997bd9f4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:53.753545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation c6d46ae6-1489-44b9-bd86-082b2ffee1b6 · outbound

This paper cites Ramezani, A language-independent authorship attribution approach for author identification of text documents, Expert Systems with Ap- plications 180 (2021) 115139.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Ramezani, A language-independent authorship attribution approach for author identification of text documents, Expert Systems with Ap- plications 180 (2021) 115139

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:53.472251Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation e13b7867-30bc-48fb-b46d-da96aa6b1bcf · outbound

This paper cites Opara, P.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Opara, P

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:53.223340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f47fa34c-c6ae-450f-b67b-132625afd4ab · outbound

This paper cites Herbold, A.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Herbold, A

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:52.960450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 0c93d6ba-d5c3-4696-bc05-434714c55db8 · outbound

This paper cites Stylometric Detection of AI-Generated Text in Twitter Timelines.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Stylometric Detection of AI-Generated Text in Twitter Timelines

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:48.280108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 97dab299-8068-4399-ae66-1a5af6caa017 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:52.723344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 2b01172e-3223-4303-ace6-b4503323dd80 · outbound

This paper cites Takahashi, K.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Takahashi, K

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:52.457979Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation c3de9ec6-dcc9-478f-a305-3563674aa15e · outbound

This paper cites How Close is ChatGPT to Human Experts? Comparison Corpus, Evaluation, and Detection.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text How Close is ChatGPT to Human Experts? Comparison Corpus, Evaluation, and Detection

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:48.798645Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f0b4a6ff-c6fb-40af-b522-6d99e91bd314 · outbound

This paper cites HC3 Plus: A Semantic-Invariant Human ChatGPT Comparison Corpus.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text HC3 Plus: A Semantic-Invariant Human ChatGPT Comparison Corpus

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:48.942213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 43ca9e6f-b2d5-48e7-aad4-cb5bfcb2089a · outbound

This paper cites MAGE: Machine-generated Text Detection in the Wild.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text MAGE: Machine-generated Text Detection in the Wild

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:49.146294Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ebc7723b-04d5-4783-9cb9-c9fff9b8222d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:52.264859Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation be021852-66f5-4297-b394-3a938575767b · outbound

This paper cites AraELECTRA: Pre-Training Text Discriminators for Arabic Language Understanding.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text AraELECTRA: Pre-Training Text Discriminators for Arabic Language Understanding

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:49.533167Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f797f366-0c13-4512-91cb-ade3160e8622 · outbound

This paper cites Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:49.651308Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 10c86086-c8d4-4ba1-a230-eaf4c480d3fe · outbound

This paper cites Elnagar, O.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Elnagar, O

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:52.078154Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6c448f59-8f8d-4661-ba0d-c6dd0da94b26 · outbound

This paper cites Elnagar, Y.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Elnagar, Y

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:51.923759Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 0c589276-80d4-4842-956f-fedf3228c640 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:50.062697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a095701d-f647-4c3e-9a50-b9602b14ea99 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:50.211336Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c480574d-98cc-4f28-a52a-2535d97b9fd3 · outbound

This paper cites Papineni, S.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Papineni, S

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:51.596332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation aa579198-753a-465f-ac2a-2d3e40e92aae · outbound

This paper cites Banerjee, A.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Banerjee, A

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:50.542071Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ab67ae33-3933-4c14-9a39-f5e42e828e10 · outbound

This paper cites Lin, Rouge: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries, in: Text summarization branches out, 2004, pp.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text Lin, Rouge: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries, in: Text summarization branches out, 2004, pp

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:50.676661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 19c97981-5e86-4200-9282-1570162ec61f · outbound

This paper cites BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT.

The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:53:50.855742Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation b1fb3c2f-efb2-4e24-b204-6a9d332cfd65 · inbound

Stylometry recognizes human and LLM-generated texts in short samples cites this paper.

Stylometry recognizes human and LLM-generated texts in short samples The Arabic AI Fingerprint: Stylometric Analysis and Detection of Large Language Models Text

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T21:15:37.600086Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.