Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 32 of 32 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.13790.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.13790 v3

Coverage vector

measured 32 of 32 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.089814Z

measured 32 of 32 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

32 of 32 outbound references displayed

verified exact3
verified fuzzy2
unresolved26
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 515b9af0-e0cb-483d-a53b-8e470be481d7 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language models.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Beyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language models

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:17.997316Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c94917ea-8bb7-453c-8480-42d323205069 · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Model in Medical Informatics: Direct Classification and Enhanced Text Representations for Automatic ICD Coding.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Large Language Model in Medical Informatics: Direct Classification and Enhanced Text Representations for Automatic ICD Coding

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.380851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 25ca01e7-cd56-4f69-b036-04bc8ee9c5b0 · outbound

This paper cites Automated clinical coding using off-the-shelf large language models.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Automated clinical coding using off-the-shelf large language models

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.004914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 98ff3bf9-d929-4ca1-b338-843240bfabd2 · outbound

This paper cites D., Dhariwal, P., Neelakantan, A., Shyam, P., Sastry, G., Askell, A., et al.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models D., Dhariwal, P., Neelakantan, A., Shyam, P., Sastry, G., Askell, A., et al

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.008910Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f0a069d9-389c-4f9c-bfc5-ef28c79e0ca8 · outbound

This paper cites A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Generated Content (AIGC): A History of Generative AI from GAN to ChatGPT.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Generated Content (AIGC): A History of Generative AI from GAN to ChatGPT

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.011925Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5c20ff77-eb65-4dfd-8876-1ceb460c72b2 · outbound

This paper cites PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathways.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathways

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.015342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 76a817a4-4fc0-49a5-8343-ddf76abd9208 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.534353Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8181321a-3273-4a7e-9703-6124463aac58 · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.021758Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 706dadd2-271f-4412-b247-894223f4cb74 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.525022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ad01dd9b-1a8b-4236-9ad1-15515ca6102e · outbound

This paper cites KG-MTT-BERT: Knowledge Graph Enhanced BERT for Multi-Type Medical Text Classification.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models KG-MTT-BERT: Knowledge Graph Enhanced BERT for Multi-Type Medical Text Classification

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.320567Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d7ec89bf-6c0b-43a8-989c-31ea1e04be74 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.030278Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a593e703-acda-4513-8cde-781110510a29 · outbound

This paper cites Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.034739Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 724d74b9-b986-4d39-93fd-1e761a2c6918 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.514570Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 858e0aec-dfe5-44d8-95dc-a5b9fd582e3f · outbound

This paper cites Large language models are good medical coders, if provided with tools.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Large language models are good medical coders, if provided with tools

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.287099Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 51ec63c1-4f0b-4b96-94f9-a00835c174b3 · outbound

This paper cites Holistic Evaluation of Language Models.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Holistic Evaluation of Language Models

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.042981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 64835f72-9593-43a5-ac45-635a35268ecc · outbound

This paper cites A Comprehensive Overview of Large Language Models.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models A Comprehensive Overview of Large Language Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.045941Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eca5baa8-3d39-4a87-85bc-9a48fb5e34e0 · outbound

This paper cites Norddrg specification, url: https://nordcase.org/.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Norddrg specification, url: https://nordcase.org/

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.505630Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 93518a54-1235-4272-b398-3379e7673b57 · outbound

This paper cites E., Rossi, M., Hui, W., Virtanen, V., and Bragge, J.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models E., Rossi, M., Hui, W., Virtanen, V., and Bragge, J

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.496622Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3f2a5257-e0c2-4c52-b1a6-cbdaa92f45c8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.487933Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8a0ecc40-b408-465a-8fad-a03c444d4215 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.478964Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f54c6b6f-d567-46ce-9f93-6d0cca99cd40 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.059547Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2084bc1f-c49c-426d-9219-66f44dad12ec · outbound

This paper cites Zero Shot Health Trajectory Prediction Using Transformer.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Zero Shot Health Trajectory Prediction Using Transformer

Reference 22

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.254806Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation de4be81f-1f9a-4f3c-b049-72aff053aa76 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.064980Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 80c47429-3c67-45f5-bb50-1609f0c6ebfd · outbound

This paper cites N., Kaiser, ., and Polosukhin, I.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models N., Kaiser, ., and Polosukhin, I

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.067520Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1b1fcbd5-2791-42c1-9d97-b10dae9525fe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.458299Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation a9ad48ce-647e-4790-8e7e-9617b7c9b383 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.446912Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 1016ed56-20b4-42e5-9443-c65c4dd29ce4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.075336Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a633e670-b955-464e-bba5-9e2ba0737daf · outbound

This paper cites Back-Propagation Optimization and Multi-Valued Artificial Neural Networks for Highly Vivid Structural Color Filter Metasurfaces.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Back-Propagation Optimization and Multi-Valued Artificial Neural Networks for Highly Vivid Structural Color Filter Metasurfaces

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.078257Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9cd76605-2022-42e1-9752-dd2cd1669153 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.427000Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation aaaadb01-e9f4-4254-8684-2c78d9e7e90f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.412518Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 313537b3-6259-43e4-a80b-c68f4cbabfe5 · outbound

This paper cites OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.087129Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 54b5d437-ff84-44ff-b5d4-724fb0e255d3 · outbound

This paper cites Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arena.

The NordDRG AI Benchmark for Large Language Models Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arena

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:47:18.089814Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.