Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 16 of 16 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2506.13798.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.13798 v1

Coverage vector

measured 16 of 16 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.097452Z

measured 17 of 17 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-01T21:24:14.145978Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

16 of 16 outbound references displayed

verified exact3
verified fuzzy3
unresolved8
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch2

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation cf07cd05-6f84-459e-8cef-6192dfb82e0a · outbound

This paper cites and Walkingshaw, E.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk and Walkingshaw, E

Reference 1

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.331912Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 472508a7-7ad4-43db-9209-e89e25bf4c27 · outbound

This paper cites V., and Wimmer, E.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk V., and Wimmer, E

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.118798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 4a2df8de-87f2-489f-bc41-4d08b7d31abb · outbound

This paper cites (1945), The use of knowledge in society.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk (1945), The use of knowledge in society

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.358247Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation a06487cd-6a2b-45d2-bdf2-deced9b7cde7 · outbound

This paper cites BioPlanner: Automatic Evaluation of LLMs on Protocol Planning in Biology.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk BioPlanner: Automatic Evaluation of LLMs on Protocol Planning in Biology

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.081678Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1a3e4f5f-3989-4779-9b77-f9264dfa66ec · outbound

This paper cites The Returns to Science in the Presence of Technological Risk.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk The Returns to Science in the Presence of Technological Risk

Reference 11

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.239544Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 64cb3526-2168-4d5e-96d6-e947c741a752 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Frontier Models for Dangerous Capabilities.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk Evaluating Frontier Models for Dangerous Capabilities

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.085006Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 258d8b23-fd54-40ea-b2dc-2697ff48a5d5 · outbound

This paper cites and Nelson, C.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk and Nelson, C

Reference 13

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.198578Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 7ad89a24-e15f-4816-88b6-fbd9b708e45e · outbound

This paper cites The WMDP Benchmark: Measuring and Reducing Malicious Use With Unlearning.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk The WMDP Benchmark: Measuring and Reducing Malicious Use With Unlearning

Reference 115

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.076212Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d3592257-8f43-464e-b65d-17b277efaaf9 · outbound

This paper cites LAB-Bench: Measuring Capabilities of Language Models for Biology Research.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk LAB-Bench: Measuring Capabilities of Language Models for Biology Research

Reference 1998

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.079050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bde6dc88-d9f6-48e1-a6c9-e224d0449fe3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk Unresolved cited work

Reference 2007

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.341011Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation cca343da-6318-4aad-86f2-81682dc680c4 · outbound

This paper cites (2003/2005) In the valley of the shadow of death.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk (2003/2005) In the valley of the shadow of death

Reference 2011

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.366136Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 14d8dfe2-0f46-4d92-8410-828ab632c903 · outbound

This paper cites TACTO: A Fast, Flexible, and Open-source Simulator for High-Resolution Vision-based Tactile Sensors.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk TACTO: A Fast, Flexible, and Open-source Simulator for High-Resolution Vision-based Tactile Sensors

Reference 2013

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.130041Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 32bd5dfe-2497-40b3-9d2a-2b87febde2e7 · outbound

This paper cites Attention Is All You Need.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk Attention Is All You Need

Reference 2017

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.092300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation afc4df9a-a9e0-4b57-8a6d-f4a372a33549 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.070549Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1a1e4b30-c7ac-46b9-bf74-ca4a543ede98 · outbound

This paper cites AI Safety Institute approach to evaluations 7 February 2024 US AISI (2024).

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk AI Safety Institute approach to evaluations 7 February 2024 US AISI (2024)

Reference 2023

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.349523Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f2ff137a-03e5-460b-93e5-db24acaa899b · outbound

This paper cites On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models.

Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:17:20.057199Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 8333be72-361d-4888-abfd-02b2d6e28e71 · inbound

Harmonizing AI Safety Thresholds cites this paper.

Harmonizing AI Safety Thresholds Contemporary AI foundation models increase biological weapons risk

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T21:24:14.145978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.