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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 73 of 73 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2506.16117.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.16117 v1

Coverage vector

measured 73 of 73 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.114429Z

measured 74 of 74 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-14T06:06:45.258408Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

73 of 73 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact6
  • verified fuzzy49
  • unresolved17
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 9ccad8e4-face-4bb8-9245-12f0e9690baf · outbound

This paper cites Formation of Trapped Surfaces from Past Null Infinity.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Formation of Trapped Surfaces from Past Null Infinity

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:26.771327Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.771327Z digest=sha256:c40c095c81917c99cc77e2b4cbbb991b165ce71a90f25b31d77fe6ed5036b031

Observation 583c73e2-5ee4-4c7a-9650-1bc7d0d69647 · outbound

This paper cites An, A Scale-Critical Trapped Surface Formation Criterion: A New Proof Via Signature for Decay Rates, Ann.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data An, A Scale-Critical Trapped Surface Formation Criterion: A New Proof Via Signature for Decay Rates, Ann

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.291744Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.777357Z digest=sha256:d68efc31b18d9c19e1e5fde87ede16abb3fe8bbc89e33e2946ca23149a161470

Observation b8280e5a-39b5-4756-9faa-150546ec535b · outbound

This paper cites An,Naked singularity censoring with anisotropic apparent horizon, To appear in Ann.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data An,Naked singularity censoring with anisotropic apparent horizon, To appear in Ann

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.274445Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.782209Z digest=sha256:ed4659677eca650129a01cc0a728b280405b5f54e049a8e87b7435d7fc48e88d

Observation e7050b34-6dff-4b17-88af-2d72b199deb9 · outbound

This paper cites An and N.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data An and N

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.259133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.786763Z digest=sha256:26da11bf12a8c99e3bd5dd5610876a33847856cdd6b6f21ecfcf57a5c6ae9e64

Observation a53f7273-15a9-4f51-a14a-b489d62968de · outbound

This paper cites An and J.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data An and J

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.247432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.790432Z digest=sha256:b4678a975f99108e1a83e9fec473e16ab69961ca699319c5b141f84de9058814

Observation ffd436aa-28db-4733-8bf0-119caa001eab · outbound

This paper cites Anderson, J.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Anderson, J

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.235971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.794351Z digest=sha256:5de8f3d32211606e56704f86d95c39805e00bcc870dbbf4a389a1219bdb2cee1

Observation 7e56991a-7e76-4e6f-aa40-1559bc6d2c52 · outbound

This paper cites Aretakis, The characteristic gluing problem and conservation laws for the wave equation on null hypersurfaces, Ann.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Aretakis, The characteristic gluing problem and conservation laws for the wave equation on null hypersurfaces, Ann

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.223685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.798129Z digest=sha256:b101cb6206a26db4c7e912f9f70a70052e91fd2986773a1a5966d37c5b058555

Observation 948b9df6-e319-4462-9e59-d305c4e16e16 · outbound

This paper cites Aretakis, On a foliation-covariant elliptic operator on null hypersurfaces, Int.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Aretakis, On a foliation-covariant elliptic operator on null hypersurfaces, Int

Reference 8

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.211001Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.803429Z digest=sha256:f4fcb018f11dc33c1e3b8c12d239c8f0e66aed0209e45d14400996899ef42a1e

Observation 2650b62b-5d09-43dc-9aa3-1efff9a85e93 · outbound

This paper cites Aretakis, S Czimek and I Rodnianski,Characteristic gluing to the Kerr family and application to spacelike gluing, Commun.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Aretakis, S Czimek and I Rodnianski,Characteristic gluing to the Kerr family and application to spacelike gluing, Commun

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.198478Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.810444Z digest=sha256:de4836aa618d9d81d8f185e373957408e000d233fbb82a18e1b554eb76898f22

Observation 00a6017c-c813-48b9-8e78-bd90bc79441e · outbound

This paper cites Aretakis, S.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Aretakis, S

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.186493Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.815386Z digest=sha256:f9d5b5b6c82967e03bff93225cdde149db6f271f9778e39eb386e4f1a8c33600

Observation d818ad4c-1621-4b00-a6f7-5d78adc148d0 · outbound

This paper cites Aretakis, S.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Aretakis, S

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.171935Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.819968Z digest=sha256:06c1334b8865d8895be5fdcbaa138b25167a7e8df64131e3b5a81f0076ca0cd2

Observation de0a8115-5413-43a6-8695-c9c66f2c3bad · outbound

This paper cites Formation of trapped surfaces in the Einstein-Yang-Mills system.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Formation of trapped surfaces in the Einstein-Yang-Mills system

Reference 12

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.532388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.824691Z digest=sha256:df613a2656f285183643ea0e66d236582d4b3dad1b4f9470b7ce0ab63daed256

Observation 8c5079d6-7005-419b-b495-f7f5edcd33a8 · outbound

This paper cites 39, 661–693, 1986.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data 39, 661–693, 1986

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.159141Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.828763Z digest=sha256:1ffcaabaac4ceb508c24ff35c9a7691da53b140d911eb2fb25b8771ce95b41e6

Observation 8fe2d8ce-bcf0-4be6-8cd7-af49ffb4a7d3 · outbound

This paper cites Bieri, An extension of the stability theorem of the Minkowski space in general relativity, J.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Bieri, An extension of the stability theorem of the Minkowski space in general relativity, J

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.144808Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.832760Z digest=sha256:25abb7b76d541351d51727f9f6897b2d7aa87a0c82b5269d48024be8efa041d0

Observation 59b086cc-3081-4c2f-9bf3-91ba06f958df · outbound

This paper cites Brill and R.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Brill and R

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.125408Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.838357Z digest=sha256:142975025d424796e29f28e143c59928a4046f468be0faaf631e4c498e2d4ad9

Observation dee9f1f1-3429-4972-a73c-add8824702cf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.112447Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.842132Z digest=sha256:833f0943ec3c2e916bce9c6c0e78616657cce0065ab142d06754b3f476b89475

Observation c6960b39-1901-453b-afef-7e56d9f3e405 · outbound

This paper cites Corvino,Scalar curvature deformation and a gluing construction for the Einstein constraint equations, Commun.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Corvino,Scalar curvature deformation and a gluing construction for the Einstein constraint equations, Commun

Reference 17

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.098343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.847006Z digest=sha256:af28a7f6557e9c9549756a876a9a606f838461667fa5cb9811628ba919f230ee

Observation 1088544f-ad10-408e-8a0a-96f88f2190d9 · outbound

This paper cites Carlotto and R.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Carlotto and R

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.083970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.851234Z digest=sha256:8a19234129335a4758667f3f62213decb070358d650d58777edfa5d59c1dd6c1

Observation 0db644e5-459b-489d-a70a-335e11938c54 · outbound

This paper cites Corvino and R.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Corvino and R

Reference 19

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.070796Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.854967Z digest=sha256:dbe5be73f1d2b75dee2c914caefebcfe85fe1ec5f2dba4284b24d95b28205b95

Observation 34a07d8d-9468-457d-84d9-b105e4db5410 · outbound

This paper cites Formation of Trapped Surfaces in Geodesic Foliation.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Formation of Trapped Surfaces in Geodesic Foliation

Reference 20

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.514703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.858876Z digest=sha256:e5a4dc0a7bc78331ec02a8b8e36573facfe84e8af89e7fd4841dc85b13632b93

Observation 203036c4-70c2-4594-9ea7-25af09b02b28 · outbound

This paper cites Choquet-Bruhat, Théorème d’existence pour certains systèmes d’équations aux dérivèes partielles non linéaires, Acta Math.88, 141–225, 1952.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Choquet-Bruhat, Théorème d’existence pour certains systèmes d’équations aux dérivèes partielles non linéaires, Acta Math.88, 141–225, 1952

Reference 21

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.058724Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.863355Z digest=sha256:0611993edfa482a476fa7c21601c0c76dec0fc8ad0817ea735608d55b68f588a

Observation e41ea924-b64f-4898-a2ce-05657250765f · outbound

This paper cites Choquet-Bruhat and R.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Choquet-Bruhat and R

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.038101Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.867928Z digest=sha256:503a91eb915cfef8775e48372573d119fe7f0ec4c29c7d59f30d5d0fcff11a47

Observation 498c49bf-0a37-43ed-aead-5b6f0e08b655 · outbound

This paper cites Christodoulou,On the global initial value problem and the issue of singularities, Class.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Christodoulou,On the global initial value problem and the issue of singularities, Class

Reference 23

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.021318Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.871817Z digest=sha256:d1404f7ffea28916b0427019b494f64a6ebc7e4056e747e68fec30ae71fe23e2

Observation 72c6a349-d198-49ee-93fc-f857dcc8ef63 · outbound

This paper cites Christodoulou,The formation of Black Holes in General Relativity, EMS Mono- graphs in Mathematics, 2009.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Christodoulou,The formation of Black Holes in General Relativity, EMS Mono- graphs in Mathematics, 2009

Reference 24

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:28.007167Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.876380Z digest=sha256:b66a95fa53489ce4ce3caa261ced1601c757dfaf6f7a1fac959e20542fedc962

Observation c4280d1c-fbf1-4f80-b3c5-320c49254f13 · outbound

This paper cites Christodoulou and S.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Christodoulou and S

Reference 25

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.994329Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.880656Z digest=sha256:b1c2c69ad1e1a0a7fc4774025b0fdce832559495fe52e85d286566bbbdda9eff

Observation 348fe092-e137-4d7f-9510-5844df5288be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.983026Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.884578Z digest=sha256:57aa1ddd22eefb2e7d00591b9e5a81c440bc4ca7627c7336b8b6a047daefbfd0

Observation 74b493bd-6def-4cf1-b207-99872eaf10c9 · outbound

This paper cites Obstruction-free gluing for the Einstein equations.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Obstruction-free gluing for the Einstein equations

Reference 27

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:26.888751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.888751Z digest=sha256:b9181fddfb342b08723e52b08e952346262d46f161066f91bba199ead3a7a6bd

Observation c24e58d0-1451-43fc-81bb-d6e7ca2c3da4 · outbound

This paper cites Dafermos and I.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Dafermos and I

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.970933Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.895515Z digest=sha256:8d55e781fe5bdfb0387680a0d3e9dbfa1ef3319fc1a9682ebd58bfca07517257

Observation c445fd3f-84da-4727-95e6-4cfe8332e020 · outbound

This paper cites Dilts, J.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Dilts, J

Reference 29

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.957921Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.901938Z digest=sha256:d02e782c9d1059c1c82feb262a2a4c5508aa99c6ec67c15667b0b0a64e441251

Observation 644c5c8c-5bdc-4d41-8e76-64356d855bfd · outbound

This paper cites Initial data for Minkowski stability with arbitrary decay.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Initial data for Minkowski stability with arbitrary decay

Reference 30

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.483112Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.905660Z digest=sha256:076861db69e3b60199e3d5e27255f0acb758a60c45d67feb7f55defc90c59504

Observation d6f1173d-e3b6-473f-ac22-54341796ca5c · outbound

This paper cites Spacelike initial data for black hole stability.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Spacelike initial data for black hole stability

Reference 31

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.454022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.910356Z digest=sha256:65679a48288d98b6e00df4a5b6bc53e8aa736aba31d2f1aec58a07ccf157cca4

Observation a762f8c2-36e0-421f-94e1-4ee7d245dd9e · outbound

This paper cites Global nonlinear stability of Minkowski space for spacelike-characteristic initial data.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Global nonlinear stability of Minkowski space for spacelike-characteristic initial data

Reference 32

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:26.914578Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.914578Z digest=sha256:f8458ef6a831b77c1b29e5beb57a94401d6937a8eff0f8aa9ccc35303f15789b

Observation 4e974379-f2b6-4819-99c6-5663fbd63d83 · outbound

This paper cites Hintz,Exterior stability of Minkowski space in generalized harmonic gauge, Arch.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Hintz,Exterior stability of Minkowski space in generalized harmonic gauge, Arch

Reference 33

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.943724Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.919418Z digest=sha256:c0cc2e3da212f02ceb4176220b0c3a5f9ed81126085659b82a1c396f5b52eb19

Observation a21585ff-c2b7-4d3c-9684-109016782634 · outbound

This paper cites Hintz,Gluing small black holes into initial data sets, Commun.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Hintz,Gluing small black holes into initial data sets, Commun

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.927130Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.923363Z digest=sha256:e9144beb75fec8fa0c3ef1cc87502bebd0ed0b80f10b66314a20126dc14369ef

Observation bd9739c0-229b-42d4-a92a-c0bb60994f7c · outbound

This paper cites Dynamic Handover: Throw and Catch with Bimanual Hands.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Dynamic Handover: Throw and Catch with Bimanual Hands

Reference 35

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:26.928537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.928537Z digest=sha256:ab53fb20213247f60a15c544ddc2fdd88796a3a5c58ab04e6e86d79beacc4bbd

Observation 897d0a5f-f641-49eb-9e05-ad64ade78258 · outbound

This paper cites Parameter-free Maximum Likelihood Localization of a Network of Moving Agents from Ranges, Bearings and Velocity measurements.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Parameter-free Maximum Likelihood Localization of a Network of Moving Agents from Ranges, Bearings and Velocity measurements

Reference 36

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.390385Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.933474Z digest=sha256:4b751c2cba948cf07cf0fa1850dc30222e9930013ad03b34d6f85f178d352fe2

Observation 245cd83a-9da5-4dce-a57e-35c98f73c83f · outbound

This paper cites Gluing small black holes along timelike geodesics II: uniform analysis on glued spacetimes.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Gluing small black holes along timelike geodesics II: uniform analysis on glued spacetimes

Reference 37

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:26.937848Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.937848Z digest=sha256:284104dd99ee0748ab2311a6fe201b0076c9b434724212fe5b91a3dedc71ecd4

Observation 49325c4b-3b66-411d-a826-1a6965cb9c9b · outbound

This paper cites Gluing small black holes along timelike geodesics III: construction of true solutions and extreme mass ratio mergers.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Gluing small black holes along timelike geodesics III: construction of true solutions and extreme mass ratio mergers

Reference 38

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:26.942107Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.942107Z digest=sha256:a2d446f36f7cebb174fef205266c0ab71b5c7f7a0fe05503bb7d6a1e5160ee2b

Observation d55526a1-9fa2-4617-9e6c-a4262caa1a3b · outbound

This paper cites Hintz and A.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Hintz and A

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.914097Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.946387Z digest=sha256:3f4e966f0f42c9222a4c17afb9a15b40153c5ad76f807ad6710e2f26e509437e

Observation f656944a-fba0-401b-b245-e129a7df5b3c · outbound

This paper cites Hirsch, D.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Hirsch, D

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.901437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.950219Z digest=sha256:069eafed1d8da68a8888cc3d2533ea29d1ba2628f3bb36d0b1c6e297d7ee083f

Observation f64ac624-0ac1-4087-8fe0-bd209b73a96b · outbound

This paper cites Ultimately Schwarzschildean Spacetimes and the Black Hole Stability Problem.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Ultimately Schwarzschildean Spacetimes and the Black Hole Stability Problem

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:26.954996Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.954996Z digest=sha256:8982a22d44ae056459ae635414a9d1295d2aa504280ffb7930a3180200f84a45

Observation 552d582e-b533-4f10-ab65-eb7e1c4d7cd3 · outbound

This paper cites Huneau, Stability of Minkowski spacetime with a translation space-like Killing field, Ann.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Huneau, Stability of Minkowski spacetime with a translation space-like Killing field, Ann

Reference 42

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.889611Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.960473Z digest=sha256:4620310471ec971df9ab577c8cfdec252e6e61f05f682b4b854cb52ce7632ec5

Observation 4f8449f3-e46a-428c-8709-c3f1d2b59899 · outbound

This paper cites Isenberg,Constant mean curvature solutions of the Einstein constraint equations on closed manifolds, Class.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Isenberg,Constant mean curvature solutions of the Einstein constraint equations on closed manifolds, Class

Reference 43

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.877615Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.965045Z digest=sha256:bbcf41960f14e499bf96b214fe0ee9f4c47950792276f97d77bd3ff319d2b778

Observation 8dfba72d-bcd4-46f9-b62e-46331b88b640 · outbound

This paper cites Kehle and R.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Kehle and R

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.865342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.968776Z digest=sha256:2915b875add2abd3cd6afdade7b3de322bad7364ce16b1ac22c1eb946f42d6c4

Observation e3122cf6-7a72-4538-ba85-477ede9323ce · outbound

This paper cites Klainerman, The black hole stability problem, C.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Klainerman, The black hole stability problem, C

Reference 45

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.853563Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.972432Z digest=sha256:3500269b01a0aa217681e945e4b9b905ab919c35e1ff7897043b093f91af337e

Observation 59b78993-2409-4ac8-a21c-58629717d10b · outbound

This paper cites Klainerman, J.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Klainerman, J

Reference 46

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.841683Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.976832Z digest=sha256:749f51414804e693147a5bc42661893718991863791477ba5698f17a62a86111

Observation 48dbf87f-7488-48a0-8999-574aefb948e0 · outbound

This paper cites Klainerman and F.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Klainerman and F

Reference 47

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.825025Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.980768Z digest=sha256:c8154b2bd32ff39b14b767dada5f0473a23a2999d4e7c0c46c551e3165fab2a0

Observation 76d70497-b03c-42b3-b732-d2be0597abbe · outbound

This paper cites Klainerman and I.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Klainerman and I

Reference 48

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.801865Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.985297Z digest=sha256:0a4209f92e7376ca47eb10a1644f7d8e4a02aef39acc97dc743b274ec35ba0e9

Observation 28a90d05-09f0-49d4-9bc1-0d430cccc95a · outbound

This paper cites Lichnerowicz,L’intégration des équations de la gravitation relativiste et le prob- lème desn corps, J.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Lichnerowicz,L’intégration des équations de la gravitation relativiste et le prob- lème desn corps, J

Reference 49

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.790118Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.989616Z digest=sha256:c9f8e9ad9570a96e0aab0f37dcf4b4565a96fdc8a112eab702d7814dea68fbf4

Observation 5e5124c7-81b2-4fff-9429-f9a77f0de91e · outbound

This paper cites Li and J.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Li and J

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.777447Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.995255Z digest=sha256:f2731aa61418374e25ea86d380afc419fe18c16c7cd8c75a49af1a0e96d8c41b

Observation cfd02813-7c92-4edb-bb8b-17a728f4419a · outbound

This paper cites Li and P.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Li and P

Reference 51

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.765161Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:26.999233Z digest=sha256:1d51b73ae5d2c611a1f5b32261135287d93eda4b0653e6ea877b81cdffa0d875

Observation 57a43c1d-05e4-4807-89dd-a112a82368ab · outbound

This paper cites Lindblad and I.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Lindblad and I

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.004905Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.004905Z digest=sha256:8dd88e6be7c4c7a7fa0cd92019a4d6f4e2da1b00db98f791a7acf531cb176bf7

Observation 49c1a33b-0f5f-4567-bf93-47dbb9fd2660 · outbound

This paper cites Lindblad and I.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Lindblad and I

Reference 53

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.740007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.009172Z digest=sha256:f269218e7a5cd4eb66fa575616458aae675e1a8bdcf7611ff487de84a2205caf

Observation 10e99e02-30df-44b9-817b-29df49d2b6df · outbound

This paper cites Luk,On the Local Existence for the Characteristic Initial Value Problem in Gen- eral Relativity, Int.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Luk,On the Local Existence for the Characteristic Initial Value Problem in Gen- eral Relativity, Int

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.721187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.013941Z digest=sha256:884b1379dfdc57391555291fc847b16196fa89984017f22ada179f35f6ebadff

Observation 175a7537-f524-4f0a-bab6-dbb164d502a1 · outbound

This paper cites Luk and G.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Luk and G

Reference 55

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.706025Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.018561Z digest=sha256:5d688ba25cdeb07d0b4206d14b2a134eff654c204910a39aaf04bc6b55ba2041

Observation 0a732e50-f946-4ef3-b066-3dd1b3bef2a9 · outbound

This paper cites Initial data gluing in the asymptotically flat regime via solution operators with prescribed support properties.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Initial data gluing in the asymptotically flat regime via solution operators with prescribed support properties

Reference 56

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.022819Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.022819Z digest=sha256:02f8d9b9a4bf3b31b30cc8c0266b95d59ef086713dcc7580489e55ad9b8b07c1

Observation 4ce2967d-c367-4479-809c-5bd38d8f36a1 · outbound

This paper cites Localized initial data for Einstein equations.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Localized initial data for Einstein equations

Reference 57

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.028458Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.028458Z digest=sha256:b36afb0b0fc150abed1811304bf22c66a34887ac96d2298d12ad5676c584c733

Observation 9952b265-1f3d-4945-9770-7cf47573b846 · outbound

This paper cites Oh and D.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Oh and D

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.693228Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.034687Z digest=sha256:50864be18a8bd115222ee372b579c263ef2a22cd64ecdd851596ec552449b862

Observation fcbd0caa-4472-48d5-8ffd-f82708de0092 · outbound

This paper cites Penrose,Gravitational collapse and space-time singularities, Phys.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Penrose,Gravitational collapse and space-time singularities, Phys

Reference 59

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.680847Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.038208Z digest=sha256:fb1641ea93d52c4a0c46fb6372f67ab2d9860c26614c02becace71d306391d65

Observation 18c82176-2823-4ca9-99b2-3c0fd34f9371 · outbound

This paper cites Penrose,Gravitational collapse: The role of general relativity, Riv.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Penrose,Gravitational collapse: The role of general relativity, Riv

Reference 60

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.668667Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.044013Z digest=sha256:91474456140c7d64dbad0dbdc83b72f0387d58fe350173ee12b8be2899c0fca2

Observation 01333a00-81a9-4666-9a2a-4ce7f49143a7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Unresolved cited work

Reference 61

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.654626Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.050126Z digest=sha256:3a45ab26478beec400ac19b4f64358a9abc4c3774d8919deb47edc3a7331560a

Observation 3382691f-4806-4117-9585-900c6c2bbc36 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Unresolved cited work

Reference 62

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.640408Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.054956Z digest=sha256:ca0b68ac1eccd040a1091988607d14672e54a13a910cd745ca42252f2f38138e

Observation 037d6061-1cae-4a92-95e8-ad11a2b9db4e · outbound

This paper cites Shen,Stability of Minkowski spacetime in exterior regions, Pure Appl.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Shen,Stability of Minkowski spacetime in exterior regions, Pure Appl

Reference 63

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.625610Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.058483Z digest=sha256:4a55577801f5f3cc4a84f98a33e23e8724a77b7cede96e88cd9386c9295cc336

Observation 2ff919c1-3d07-496e-9267-8aa5adb047bb · outbound

This paper cites Shen,Kerr stability in external regions, Ann.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Shen,Kerr stability in external regions, Ann

Reference 64

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.607499Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.063900Z digest=sha256:98291480660c68d035c719f8134f71cdc7db7449266da4c7ac577d25f28926d4

Observation 604971d7-cb74-4c0c-b0ad-ea55bebc22a3 · outbound

This paper cites Global stability of Minkowski spacetime with minimal decay.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Global stability of Minkowski spacetime with minimal decay

Reference 65

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.069769Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.069769Z digest=sha256:a78ee52a04885ac61345fd976011aad28ebe25110baf5796dcb46dcf977c7ae4

Observation 8b06a36a-644d-4910-ae98-3b0cbf208ba2 · outbound

This paper cites Shen, Exterior stability of Minkowski spacetime with borderline decay , arXiv:2405.00735.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Shen, Exterior stability of Minkowski spacetime with borderline decay , arXiv:2405.00735

Reference 66

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.075510Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.075510Z digest=sha256:d299270940f87ba34284f6fd1417a7ebcfedfd2ece83952fc270643851b20e34

Observation e4b72396-cd4a-4952-b4b7-08eefa335aaf · outbound

This paper cites Formation of trapped surfaces for the Einstein--Maxwell--charged scalar field system.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Formation of trapped surfaces for the Einstein--Maxwell--charged scalar field system

Reference 67

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.210078Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.079362Z digest=sha256:f02870d2c82df38bffdb024d8b9c9944ae03131cf7a3cedc86e1247b84ac3aa3

Observation 1899976c-d501-4c32-b8b1-5eb797431c13 · outbound

This paper cites Smulevici,The stability of Minkowski space and its influence on the mathematical analysis of General Relativity, C.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Smulevici,The stability of Minkowski space and its influence on the mathematical analysis of General Relativity, C

Reference 68

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.594417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.083976Z digest=sha256:fea4c7a268c08e56c5fd5dfa8d4b17135aa0cd54b8afc6cde749e93d405123d4

Observation a17740d8-11ee-4833-ac0e-a2778369d376 · outbound

This paper cites Sormani and I.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Sormani and I

Reference 69

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.583087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.089035Z digest=sha256:0979a9b8ea0587e177c36452f87678462919382d395b0290b449c85a962d9820

Observation a4869b35-69d3-492c-ae85-85074f942ef2 · outbound

This paper cites Yau,Geometry of three manifolds and existence of black hole due to boundary effect, Adv.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Yau,Geometry of three manifolds and existence of black hole due to boundary effect, Adv

Reference 70

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.571619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.095759Z digest=sha256:7d7ddd414f18e3c1fe7a885d3b981db2440364cfa784bd00e6c3254d3a194def

Observation c36d981b-3b1c-4e7e-87d3-7faaab6daf95 · outbound

This paper cites Yu,Energy estimates and gravitational collapse, Comm.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Yu,Energy estimates and gravitational collapse, Comm

Reference 71

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.559037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.100804Z digest=sha256:e7331c79b62757bfb85c2881acacd54a9f65f6f61dc84111d6d9ddc1c5fd957a

Observation 4028c9ee-63c1-4d32-95a0-1930d97648e0 · outbound

This paper cites Dynamical formation of black holes due to the condensation of matter field.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Dynamical formation of black holes due to the condensation of matter field

Reference 72

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.190059Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.107052Z digest=sha256:5c947cf11f16cfe95a858b345e948171c4e83d5a6e5bcdbe6cbb78e99ff9bd06

Observation 04fa1de0-f233-4be3-90ff-5a7ceefc08b1 · outbound

This paper cites Trapped surface formation for the Einstein-Scalar system.

Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data Trapped surface formation for the Einstein-Scalar system

Reference 73

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:40:27.114429Z

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T19:40:27.114429Z digest=sha256:3f095354ec445b8019dab06e8740e42b28c4e696e12542c3435ed182aad00634

Pith citing papers

Observation cb353e5a-7f7d-4ab3-8f35-42773621fe84 · inbound

Formation of Trapped Surfaces from Spacelike Initial Data cites this paper.

Formation of Trapped Surfaces from Spacelike Initial Data Formation of multiple Black Holes from Cauchy data

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T06:06:45.258408Z

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-14T06:06:45.258408Z digest=sha256:0ee91621ef408d4307fa8f4b0425131a2fb084d0804f4b52b46962f56e12cc5a