Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T19:33:25.123799Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 70 of 70 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2506.16428.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T19:33:25.123799Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-10T17:59:33.189911Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-11T05:41:01.218041Z
70 of 70 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation da036277-fb05-4bde-856d-b1c8ee89de7b · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Complexity and approximation: Combinatorial optimization problems and their approximability properties
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation ff9b0d84-8591-4907-a0d5-9e63af0bebb4 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Exploratory combinatorial optimization with reinforcement learning
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 7536eb08-0653-4a8a-9bfa-2a92183c7878 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Neural combinatorial optimization with reinforcement learning
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 37646ece-eb2d-4790-9dbc-50ebe23de5c7 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Machine learning for combinatorial optimization: a methodological tour d’horizon
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 91bebf9f-7e67-40e2-b7c2-ea28c35230a2 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Residual Gated Graph ConvNets
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f452711b-86a0-4613-abf0-5fd6dc11cbf7 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Principles of genetic circuit design
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 9c850e46-075c-42e7-a739-70ce227eda5a · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Edge-Featured Graph Attention Network
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 297ea302-ff5d-4a95-af80-f1f20fea55e1 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning to perform local rewriting for combinatorial optimization
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation e34701db-b39e-4f9f-af11-0b88e5a980f9 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Select and optimize: Learning to solve large-scale tsp instances
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 26f750e5-46f7-4fc6-9ca2-3d623cb3ada6 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems The traveling salesman problem: a computational study
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 56724dc6-91cb-4221-b838-28f4f2f41732 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A method for solving traveling-salesman problems
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation aa9c350d-72d1-4066-8864-0a4645e966bc · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning 2-opt heuristics for routing problems via deep reinforcement learning
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6d374c24-7e65-4deb-8548-14b39a579041 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning heuristics for the tsp by policy gradient
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation c43990de-ea50-4575-be33-0d7187ba9fa6 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems BQ-NCO: Bisimulation Quotienting for Efficient Neural Combinatorial Optimization
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7aa3ff93-693e-4220-b426-bf1a60b53126 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Optimized path planning for electric vehicle routing and charging station navigation systems
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation bf128279-699e-4971-acb9-83b858a90b8a · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Generalize a small pre-trained model to arbitrarily large tsp instances
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 3635a4c8-f428-45e9-b7b5-61ffa4670e9b · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A new model for learning in graph domains
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation a8217e8d-180d-42de-8d4e-fcb92b450673 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Gurobi gurobi optimizer reference manual
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation cdd6538d-5072-47c3-973f-1f9a05dcd83e · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Deep residual learning for image recognition
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8329d4e5-1283-4811-9d7c-f10ceef1d9f4 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems An extension of the lin-kernighan-helsgaun tsp solver for constrained traveling salesman and vehicle routing problems
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation a1e20b75-5940-49e9-a168-3daaddd7001c · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Efficient active search for combinatorial optimization problems
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation e2d44814-9f43-4279-93ef-07e52c24c50a · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Rethinking light decoder-based solvers for vehicle routing problems
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 34a6f692-d12c-4219-9fc0-5b8718a930fb · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Graph Neural Network Guided Local Search for the Traveling Salesperson Problem
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9dc1df1f-cae9-4c45-b9de-5c048111d7ef · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1dc6f5a5-37a5-4a56-939b-4c895fdf9dbc · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Edgeformers: Graph-Empowered Transformers for Representation Learning on Textual-Edge Networks
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation ab971463-3718-4912-8df9-13fbc7b24e8b · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Pointerformer: Deep reinforced multi-pointer transformer for the traveling salesman problem
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 998089e7-74a9-4a6f-afe6-6bc7e5184635 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems An Efficient Graph Convolutional Network Technique for the Travelling Salesman Problem
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6820b2ad-ff1b-4ac9-ad3e-3c57c524d5a3 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning combinatorial optimization algorithms over graphs
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation dabffd68-50fd-41bf-bc73-6d0681b4418b · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning collaborative policies to solve np-hard routing problems
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation b5e8c68f-b8da-4d22-8b2e-a794d71a0b31 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning to cross exchange to solve min-max vehicle routing problems
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 2ba2797d-7fb9-475c-9060-f5aa500c6f62 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 07faa150-fde1-45a7-848c-4dca8e4bae71 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Semi-Supervised Classification with Graph Convolutional Networks
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 72b3fa3c-cd95-4cf4-9a37-7ec84b500fc2 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Vehicle routing problem and related algorithms for logistics distribution: A literature review and classification
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 319ad957-f89e-46ef-9e03-67f80b10ca66 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Attention, learn to solve routing problems! In ICLR , 2019
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 82166b39-c320-421f-9cdf-1f870cf48b3c · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Deep policy dynamic programming for vehicle routing problems
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation aaca0cd9-582c-4ba6-bf6d-f4acbcad753f · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Pomo: Policy optimization with multiple optima for reinforcement learning
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 7804b9af-e9f3-4684-9a9d-ca32f05a7150 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Matrix encoding networks for neural combinatorial optimization
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 9b5fbd57-e3f8-427c-a653-44601ff41742 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Combinatorial optimization with graph convolutional networks and guided tree search
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation a3e889a9-70e1-4387-b527-0a1dcc108ec9 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning to delegate for large-scale vehicle routing
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 47dea907-bd9b-447b-8c98-2fad376670c9 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Cross-problem learning for solving vehicle routing problems
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 797a28cd-ea54-4a03-952b-db272d455598 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A great architecture for edge-based graph problems like tsp
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 4ba4271a-e596-417f-9b43-ea85eea790c9 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A learning-based iterative method for solving vehicle routing problems
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 857d7068-e776-4d35-adce-45610dc3c5d7 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Neural combinatorial optimization with heavy decoder: Toward large scale generalization
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 35e1efc2-c09f-484c-9854-7f760ab3c547 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning to iteratively solve routing problems with dual-aspect collaborative transformer
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 89c33c32-c024-4c85-9958-3daa9dfb944a · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Unsupervised learning for solving the travelling salesman problem
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 2ebc4659-6e11-4aa4-a7df-f5f3fad8e40e · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Reinforcement learning for solving the vehicle routing problem
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 160e3c17-1836-4cf8-b789-8034607f454f · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A note on learning algorithms for quadratic assignment with graph neural networks
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 7c946167-f5ab-4841-b3ab-cb8ea1a3c534 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Or-tools
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 70ea7317-917e-4fd5-958e-40822e417887 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Tsplib—a traveling salesman problem library
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 81dbf194-3412-412b-9fc0-c0b438d200e4 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems The graph neural network model
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 19271e71-3f21-439c-94da-57fa7d817e92 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems On the history of combinatorial optimization (till 1960)
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 93c4c6e6-35b8-4339-ab4f-f48d6dec3265 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A new local search algorithm providing high quality solutions to vehicle routing problems
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation d5672081-9abe-47eb-a1da-fc7e7044050e · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Masked Label Prediction: Unified Message Passing Model for Semi-Supervised Classification
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a1e2d2ac-2e70-4815-b9f0-d0bb268a025a · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A general large neighborhood search framework for solving integer linear programs
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation d9d3bb4c-de7d-4de4-93f5-b0877f12ae62 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Sequence to Sequence Learning with Neural Networks
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8247baac-2f89-4816-8c98-03c6b6d58bc6 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A heuristic algorithm for the symmetric and asymmetric vehicle routing problems with backhauls
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6122d009-7e61-4b08-8b42-1319fe08177c · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems New benchmark instances for the capacitated vehicle routing problem
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation ac6933fe-5b3c-498a-9719-b339399a614f · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Attention is all you need
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 9f8a286a-2a21-4743-8da3-da1ea487adc0 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Graph Attention Networks
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7e9d6490-b403-454e-b661-d83bae9efc89 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Hybrid genetic search for the cvrp: Open-source implementation and swap* neighborhood
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a41dc8af-1a05-4bad-8b6b-f004cd0f4415 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Pointer networks
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 4ab24286-5d3c-4087-a6eb-374174a014d7 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems A bi-level framework for learning to solve combinatorial optimization on graphs
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 1aa8ca60-2fca-4c96-aab3-9342549f753a · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Simple statistical gradient-following algorithms for connectionist reinforcement learning
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation d07207e0-5866-4a2e-b767-9a097b569038 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Learning improvement heuristics for solving routing problems
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 5a43ac25-02a3-471e-bdd8-2b768ff21881 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Incorporating surprisingly popular algorithm and euclidean distance-based adaptive topology into pso
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6bbf6a04-6d97-4f49-a5c0-a046224796b7 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Multi-decoder attention model with embedding glimpse for solving vehicle routing problems
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 167257b0-df14-4649-99c6-09e49df4db20 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Neurolkh: Combining deep learning model with lin-kernighan-helsgaun heuristic for solving the traveling salesman problem
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6926cd5c-d436-4826-9388-56e81ea01cbc · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Goods consumed during transit in split delivery vehicle routing problems: Modeling and solution
Reference 68
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 4575f512-0146-42e7-9fc3-c071dc5f9f63 · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems Adversarial generative flow network for solving vehicle routing problems
Reference 69
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 72c5b071-92c1-4bb4-b329-3b05de19938f · outbound
EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems write newline
Reference 70
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 65207f85-dc04-4465-86ba-007d00ea5670 · inbound
A First Guess is Rarely the Final Answer: Learning to Search in the Traveling Salesperson Problem EFormer: An Effective Edge-based Transformer for Vehicle Routing Problems
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.