Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 25 of 25 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.22370.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.22370 v4

Coverage vector

measured 25 of 25 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:20.375361Z

measured 25 of 25 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

25 of 25 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy16
unresolved8
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d4c4811e-c837-481f-9b17-92d39f489c0f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:24.100340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 61c8ef18-3838-4605-b2eb-af93dbae9874 · outbound

This paper cites Do AI assistants help students write formal specifications? A study with ChatGPT and the B-Method.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Do AI assistants help students write formal specifications? A study with ChatGPT and the B-Method

Reference 2

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:20.557101Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 2b587b74-2640-4695-97a5-38c078019567 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:23.900773Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 54a65751-e22c-4207-afe0-22fc08e0a5ed · outbound

This paper cites Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence7, 100290 (2024).

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence7, 100290 (2024)

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:23.768504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b76a109a-0889-4aa4-9422-14de82073c15 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:23.588382Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4370b81c-38ba-4fd1-9bf5-a84598731bb6 · outbound

This paper cites Applied Sciences14(10), 4115 (2024).

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Applied Sciences14(10), 4115 (2024)

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:23.410110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation c0889314-3feb-4250-8d20-554ca277e91f · outbound

This paper cites In: International conference on logic for programming artificial intelligence and reasoning.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: International conference on logic for programming artificial intelligence and reasoning

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:19.451424Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 56e87d08-1a2d-41db-ba05-793a0798aa78 · outbound

This paper cites DafnyBench: A Benchmark for Formal Software Verification.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny DafnyBench: A Benchmark for Formal Software Verification

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:19.488681Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 75f1cf6d-cdbf-4b22-aade-a14bb249f638 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 56th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: Proceedings of the 56th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:23.156920Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6073b738-31f2-4d1c-9042-a9549d87fde2 · outbound

This paper cites Assured Automatic Programming via Large Language Models.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Assured Automatic Programming via Large Language Models

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:19.502790Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b3f59be7-b167-40a1-a408-850c86a0c474 · outbound

This paper cites Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering1(FSE), 812–835 (2024).

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering1(FSE), 812–835 (2024)

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:22.970377Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 46ed1b5e-4f0f-4645-aa9d-219e279763e4 · outbound

This paper cites Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages9(OOPSLA1), 1519–1545 (2025).

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages9(OOPSLA1), 1519–1545 (2025)

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:22.803786Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 97463543-45bf-4e0f-bb42-b083cbb0bec9 · outbound

This paper cites In: NASA Formal Methods Symposium.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: NASA Formal Methods Symposium

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:22.635095Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 68cd8d5a-b1e2-4995-9a80-49f1b69cee0c · outbound

This paper cites In: International Conference on Fundamentals of Software Engineering.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: International Conference on Fundamentals of Software Engineering

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:22.475039Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 77098d97-8aa7-4a23-9456-0ae2eec6f4d3 · outbound

This paper cites dafny-annotator: AI-Assisted Verification of Dafny Programs.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny dafny-annotator: AI-Assisted Verification of Dafny Programs

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:19.945974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6e4b1156-728a-455f-a3d4-d2cd697e98b6 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACM Con- ference on Global Computing Education Vol 1.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: Proceedings of the ACM Con- ference on Global Computing Education Vol 1

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:22.307291Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 810191bd-857c-4856-9448-11c0964c1342 · outbound

This paper cites It’s weird that it knows what I want.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny It’s weird that it knows what I want

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:22.151705Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6ba07279-6064-41a6-9c1e-752edd9fbfa4 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 2024 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research-Volume 1.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: Proceedings of the 2024 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research-Volume 1

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:22.026977Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation e952621b-b581-44f9-b11e-b93d7decd9b3 · outbound

This paper cites Exploring the Use of ChatGPT as a Tool for Learning and Assessment in Undergraduate Computer Science Curriculum: Opportunities and Challenges.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Exploring the Use of ChatGPT as a Tool for Learning and Assessment in Undergraduate Computer Science Curriculum: Opportunities and Challenges

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:20.208512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1c3fc999-e5e6-4e00-81fe-42c42ecf9885 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:21.812585Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation ec95da06-b675-4a8f-a4f9-072de1460dcd · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 2024 IEEE/ACM 12th International Conference on Formal Methods in Software Engineering (FormaliSE).

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: Proceedings of the 2024 IEEE/ACM 12th International Conference on Formal Methods in Software Engineering (FormaliSE)

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:21.643639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation bf8e2275-0295-4037-b569-d1d6f8c44caa · outbound

This paper cites In: International Symposium on AI Verification.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: International Symposium on AI Verification

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:21.420615Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 0b6970fd-49df-42d5-98c6-229f88c64605 · outbound

This paper cites International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education21(1), 14 (2024).

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education21(1), 14 (2024)

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:21.182525Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation e6684581-ff6d-4104-8e4d-7a10a94d377d · outbound

This paper cites In: 23rd International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (SEFM) (2025).

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: 23rd International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (SEFM) (2025)

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:20.989008Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f0e85018-93e9-4385-a92c-0cef8b8d3ce6 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training.

Can Large Language Models Help Students Prove Software Correctness? An Experimental Study with Dafny In: Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T22:10:20.839689Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.