Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 19 of 19 outbound references and 4 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.04504.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.04504 v1

Coverage vector

measured 19 of 19 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:09.577795Z

measured 23 of 23 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 4 of 4 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T11:52:24.750109Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

19 of 19 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy3
unresolved15
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

0
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 27894d4b-329d-4aa4-af84-5d61342cbb8f · outbound

This paper cites OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:07.725926Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 527be7cc-77e9-4e5c-8d70-41edac7f6399 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:07.805287Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3bf5cc7b-bdb9-4cd4-86d9-08da44344ef5 · outbound

This paper cites Visual instruction tuning.Advances in neural information processing systems, 36, 2024.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Visual instruction tuning.Advances in neural information processing systems, 36, 2024

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:07.879716Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 07948307-46af-436b-911a-77dddad52066 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:07.951912Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1adc9ca0-d81c-4c94-bb3a-cdc3a6cded33 · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:08.033770Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5a63c54f-6fe2-4f30-ae94-b591328f53f7 · outbound

This paper cites GLUE: A Multi-Task Benchmark and Analysis Platform for Natural Language Understanding.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models GLUE: A Multi-Task Benchmark and Analysis Platform for Natural Language Understanding

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:08.126591Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb6b9a97-fff6-4b56-ad08-98fbaea5a516 · outbound

This paper cites Superglue: A stickier benchmark for general-purpose language understanding systems.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Superglue: A stickier benchmark for general-purpose language understanding systems

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:08.228418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation db3ddec0-ee3a-4b27-9d80-7eb0fe6fae23 · outbound

This paper cites Holistic Evaluation of Language Models.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Holistic Evaluation of Language Models

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:08.369556Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4fa7b725-b52d-45e0-8b72-29cddf72971e · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:08.460978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 089921d1-5279-466d-ba26-809c720e9e08 · outbound

This paper cites Judging llm-as-a-judge with mt-bench and chatbot arena.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Judging llm-as-a-judge with mt-bench and chatbot arena

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:08.489296Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5bb923c7-cf60-4dc3-9200-bdfc63772f7d · outbound

This paper cites Gifts differing: Understanding personality type.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Gifts differing: Understanding personality type

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:10.678169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4555e996-8f42-4382-8d3e-559df4a39d47 · outbound

This paper cites Checkeval: A reliable llm-as-a-judge framework for evaluating text generation using checklists.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Checkeval: A reliable llm-as-a-judge framework for evaluating text generation using checklists

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:08.734783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0c2c9326-3176-47d3-bd94-fa9397f04101 · outbound

This paper cites FreeEval: A Modular Framework for Trustworthy and Efficient Evaluation of Large Language Models.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models FreeEval: A Modular Framework for Trustworthy and Efficient Evaluation of Large Language Models

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:08.940093Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6f138fb8-9bf2-42e6-b126-684a9c0efdcf · outbound

This paper cites UltraEval: A Lightweight Platform for Flexible and Comprehensive Evaluation for LLMs.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models UltraEval: A Lightweight Platform for Flexible and Comprehensive Evaluation for LLMs

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:10.150544Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 9a928db3-6004-4dec-9b89-606bdd2a7e46 · outbound

This paper cites The waluigi effect.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models The waluigi effect

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:10.632395Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 849c67b7-9266-4733-b9aa-fbd0f4c6c464 · outbound

This paper cites A Computational Framework for Behavioral Assessment of LLM Therapists.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models A Computational Framework for Behavioral Assessment of LLM Therapists

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:09.417454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3b0ec61f-ec61-41ac-863a-513826aa83fd · outbound

This paper cites Learning on llm output signatures for gray-box behavior analysis.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Learning on llm output signatures for gray-box behavior analysis

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:09.448435Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8de0819b-1298-4f83-8711-5f0370f25770 · outbound

This paper cites Identifying Multiple Personalities in Large Language Models with External Evaluation.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models Identifying Multiple Personalities in Large Language Models with External Evaluation

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:09.501889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 930de71d-a330-491a-97db-56932d7a91e0 · outbound

This paper cites behavioral fingerprint.

Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models behavioral fingerprint

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T12:04:10.609246Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 124d1761-fbd5-416d-b0d3-f73abc5eda1f · inbound

The Alignment Floor: How Persona Customization Breaks Safety in Weakly-Aligned LLMs cites this paper.

The Alignment Floor: How Persona Customization Breaks Safety in Weakly-Aligned LLMs Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-12T23:30:07.574017Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7351c9bf-9528-4d79-88ab-9236f5bf24dc · inbound

Dissociative Identity: Language Model Agents Lack Grounding for Reputation Mechanisms cites this paper.

Dissociative Identity: Language Model Agents Lack Grounding for Reputation Mechanisms Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models

Reference 100

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T00:32:53.253917Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 72afae11-08a2-48b9-b27a-eb434ad90a19 · inbound

Measuring and Improving Behavioral Consistency in Large Language Models through Fact-Heuristic-Emotion State Enforcement cites this paper.

Measuring and Improving Behavioral Consistency in Large Language Models through Fact-Heuristic-Emotion State Enforcement Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models

Reference 70

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:15:36.476876Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 117ac520-201a-4050-bc00-7f7a033673a2 · inbound

Mapping and Measuring the Behavioral Evolution of Large Language Models cites this paper.

Mapping and Measuring the Behavioral Evolution of Large Language Models Behavioral Fingerprinting of Large Language Models

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T11:52:24.750109Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.