Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Network-Aware Differential Privacy

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 59 of 59 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.04710.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.04710 v1

Coverage vector

measured 59 of 59 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.450556Z

measured 59 of 59 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

59 of 59 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy2
unresolved56
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation bd4b8445-e620-4c6f-bc9e-94e13736d38a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.978535Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 94a3540a-43f8-4843-ab36-3002a4dde135 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.970228Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 8f70c7a9-ed81-41d2-8c54-75b2ad31e9fe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.961820Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 197e09de-d7c2-433c-a304-ea9f628c8348 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.953991Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 582d02f6-540e-4620-9132-90fd365ffbc3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.945802Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e1d66d4b-ec17-44a3-b8c2-cc5bb3397d31 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.937495Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 2ca78852-d3a6-4d25-a190-d8512aaeedc0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.929217Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 59fd271c-da00-4b60-96c4-e541900742e0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.920901Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 61dc0971-1689-46c0-83f5-5faec989a758 · outbound

This paper cites Differential Privacy in the Shuffle Model: A Survey of Separations.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Differential Privacy in the Shuffle Model: A Survey of Separations

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.266221Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1ed74b7e-5b69-46df-8652-8ff3319676bb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.912797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 60767d40-604b-400a-a0a8-92f53b598e4f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.903802Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation f7636452-5ae4-45c5-b5e6-2d153b1c9383 · outbound

This paper cites Pure Differential Privacy from Secure Intermediaries.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Pure Differential Privacy from Secure Intermediaries

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.277152Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 764566cb-424d-40de-802a-26d2d37f8403 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.893991Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation aa74f8f6-7ced-426d-95a8-370022cc8dd4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.884925Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7abc1bd6-e28c-4f04-8dec-082ffb3e79e8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.876329Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 357aacae-1992-4330-9c9c-caa740f1a4c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.867866Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d693b7af-245c-4546-ba3b-4be9f9a61287 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.859244Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 5b933ee1-f01a-4aa9-ba9c-e2dde83c1492 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.298240Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f00b30cd-381d-46e4-920c-94fbd59c428b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.845227Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation f2fe9bea-da7d-47f3-8c23-35d7927020cd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.837076Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e9c25043-e24c-40a1-9175-06844b6dabe7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.828741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation be7d2c6c-82c7-42e3-b26b-169e36e137f1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.820808Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 3fa1a5e4-0dbb-4f5a-915a-6d41fe6fc49c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.812282Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 8aeb3f16-1348-4fc1-a871-07ad2bd313c5 · outbound

This paper cites Diffprivlib: The IBM Differential Privacy Library.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Diffprivlib: The IBM Differential Privacy Library

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.320304Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3f885858-64cd-4429-829c-d546ad337617 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.802699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 46abdcdd-5102-4e7b-b6c1-3e51f6358da9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.794904Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation fb1a12e9-e513-44f4-b641-3f35cf2c7d0b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.786552Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7dd8c7c4-faef-4c63-ab3a-4dfd0c257b6d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.778635Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 52cf8985-6bc3-491b-8e3b-ddfca54cd255 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.770383Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 36071348-1516-4840-9c8d-5cc5ab7a815e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.762069Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 3388aead-e420-4407-8271-688ce71fccec · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.753670Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation ba59b52a-d021-4bb0-adef-71efd7863e98 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.744971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 33df7083-2143-4ae4-a40b-28c7b17a8220 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.737174Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e9d9c521-f4ca-468d-aa53-d3ce8057e2dd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.729344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 427a8f6f-0ff7-40a7-9b60-cb4ffcca8363 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.721337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d4645375-8c0b-4b50-8b26-b084328f237d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.713168Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 6e36164b-9917-47e4-8000-1f7fe2299b8b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.705174Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 96af4a42-170c-4c5a-92b7-9ec228f29d2c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.697163Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation dab55c3b-260b-4c22-ad45-80618b1da5be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.689474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 19e8274b-4b18-4b08-8423-33ce8d95b5e6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.681364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 404c63a4-71fb-4a38-8643-4270cfaa3fe3 · outbound

This paper cites NetShaper: A Differentially Private Network Side-Channel Mitigation System.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy NetShaper: A Differentially Private Network Side-Channel Mitigation System

Reference 41

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.501812Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation f53e15f2-6c6a-426b-90af-f6af2e2bb5dc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.664205Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation c0689e8e-27a6-4fd4-908f-9d5321f2e4f8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.656010Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d4d50982-fc62-441d-875c-2168c3a149dc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.647981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 820f3d75-7c08-4791-8aca-173d4d30d5a4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.639736Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation abf30859-6452-4f7d-93ee-205e8f1770e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.623665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation b9f4bc24-a876-4cc6-9e37-3d7c5c5577be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.615556Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 0b7a56e9-1504-41f4-bd1c-b3a58558edb7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.607642Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e5543f3d-17a0-4360-9cb9-3e07ec072ecc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.599269Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation ae67b658-7bbb-45b9-a498-77c5274f0cf8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.590309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 4e285407-1fa6-435f-af5a-ef9b2295ce75 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.581978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 5b9c8c64-2832-4e16-91d2-7c342aef0ee2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.572985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation eebaf4d8-8d65-4261-942f-66146d7518a0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.563979Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 5c0fbd67-6436-4b4d-bba6-d3266733337d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 54

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.555421Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation ac557593-d9f0-418a-aa8c-70444dbc8023 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 55

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.546728Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation df6bd13a-a9bd-482f-99b5-8c7c55dca465 · outbound

This paper cites InProceedings of the 26th ISOC Symposium on network and distributed system security.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy InProceedings of the 26th ISOC Symposium on network and distributed system security

Reference 2019

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.538029Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 25cc3e36-7a12-48a1-95b4-7ed585800453 · outbound

This paper cites In14th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 20).

Network-Aware Differential Privacy In14th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 20)

Reference 2020

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.672634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7ff7f96e-fd24-4e74-a612-645367406a0b · outbound

This paper cites Opacus: User-Friendly Differential Privacy Library in PyTorch.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Opacus: User-Friendly Differential Privacy Library in PyTorch

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.442858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7667d612-8127-4b5b-bcc5-5066f068d184 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Network-Aware Differential Privacy Unresolved cited work

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:19.631446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.