Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 40 of 40 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2509.09196.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.09196 v1

Coverage vector

measured 40 of 40 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.204156Z

measured 41 of 41 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.599370Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

40 of 40 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved39
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 53d94c87-9338-45d9-9422-83350b02bd0d · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.599370Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 765a53b0-c5d1-4792-8138-09af2374a2df · outbound

This paper cites Bulan” and the biased words are “Bulan.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Bulan” and the biased words are “Bulan

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.663531Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 37b5ce3c-8c14-488c-b993-5ed51c99d50f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.733656Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e54c7734-dbd9-45eb-9d43-77442e56e6c0 · outbound

This paper cites Initially, the model performs poorly on NSC-Part-2, with a WER of 30.85%.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Initially, the model performs poorly on NSC-Part-2, with a WER of 30.85%

Reference 4

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.828090Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e56e8d82-d3a2-4f58-8815-b6c52b55cd58 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.897914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ec375f83-513a-4a15-9e23-7695b0843f33 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.967498Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 95f32946-d901-4336-9e0c-67d85e59a0cd · outbound

This paper cites Keyword-Guided Adaptation of Automatic Speech Recognition.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Keyword-Guided Adaptation of Automatic Speech Recognition

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.094420Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb0b7d09-f8b4-4041-a4cd-564780218259 · outbound

This paper cites Using synthetic audio to improve the recognition of out-of-vocabulary words in end-to-end asr systems,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Using synthetic audio to improve the recognition of out-of-vocabulary words in end-to-end asr systems,

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.983814Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 66162f35-db9e-445b-ba28-ebc3cf477e7c · outbound

This paper cites Implementing contextual biasing in GPU decoder for online ASR.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Implementing contextual biasing in GPU decoder for online ASR

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.055869Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1984eac2-48d3-4256-afc2-3ea44f87b1bb · outbound

This paper cites Adaptive Contextual Biasing for Transducer Based Streaming Speech Recognition.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Adaptive Contextual Biasing for Transducer Based Streaming Speech Recognition

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.074388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fc759b96-a297-4095-b958-274adda97bb9 · outbound

This paper cites Selective Biasing with Trie- based Contextual Adapters for Personalised Speech Recognition using Neural Transducers,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Selective Biasing with Trie- based Contextual Adapters for Personalised Speech Recognition using Neural Transducers,

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.079197Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 520234a3-27df-4352-8a82-3f9d2cd26efb · outbound

This paper cites Contextual adapters for personalized speech recognition in neural transducers,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Contextual adapters for personalized speech recognition in neural transducers,

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.083559Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7bc57431-2dc0-4c23-ac0a-9ee110640119 · outbound

This paper cites Effective Training of Attention-based Contextual Biasing Adapters with Synthetic Audio for Personalised ASR,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Effective Training of Attention-based Contextual Biasing Adapters with Synthetic Audio for Personalised ASR,

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.089682Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 70a60c78-503c-4960-ae63-4568d1e89dc3 · outbound

This paper cites Can contextual biasing remain effective with whisper and gpt-2?.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Can contextual biasing remain effective with whisper and gpt-2?

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.126046Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b4e0d0a6-b563-40f7-b8f6-d43bbf698d62 · outbound

This paper cites Contextualizing ASR Lattice Rescoring with Hybrid Pointer Network Language Model.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Contextualizing ASR Lattice Rescoring with Hybrid Pointer Network Language Model

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.099273Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25b7910d-07ee-473b-836e-54896795305e · outbound

This paper cites Can Contex- tual Biasing Remain Effective with Whisper and GPT-2?.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Can Contex- tual Biasing Remain Effective with Whisper and GPT-2?

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.103993Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 38287022-8874-45da-8736-3dce8b404109 · outbound

This paper cites Phoneme-aware encoding for prefix-tree-based contextual asr,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Phoneme-aware encoding for prefix-tree-based contextual asr,

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.108384Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 127694aa-0e9b-4bc7-81ac-01deea5ef11c · outbound

This paper cites G2g: Tts-driven pronunciation learning for graphemic hybrid asr,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition G2g: Tts-driven pronunciation learning for graphemic hybrid asr,

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.112818Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d9d15640-b739-4b30-b665-b5f3d469d7b1 · outbound

This paper cites Deep shallow fusion for rnn-t personalization,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Deep shallow fusion for rnn-t personalization,

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.117133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c84cb015-6f73-404c-9a38-1ceebf3e2b55 · outbound

This paper cites Contextual biasing speech recognition in speech-enhanced large language model,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Contextual biasing speech recognition in speech-enhanced large language model,

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.121549Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1270113a-4494-4dd0-ac63-b6570d5bc688 · outbound

This paper cites Robust speech recognition via large-scale weak supervision,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Robust speech recognition via large-scale weak supervision,

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.159486Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4e223d6f-94ba-4c38-b102-18a520c0a1a6 · outbound

This paper cites Improved alignment for score combination of rnn-t and ctc decoder for online decod- ing,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Improved alignment for score combination of rnn-t and ctc decoder for online decod- ing,

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.163508Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e51ee820-12a7-4078-8d82-fcf7201ec7f2 · outbound

This paper cites Continual Learning Optimizations for Auto-regressive Decoder of Multilingual ASR systems.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Continual Learning Optimizations for Auto-regressive Decoder of Multilingual ASR systems

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.134376Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6062dc86-4307-4a7d-af2f-ba40e78c92b6 · outbound

This paper cites Continual learning with embedding layer surgery and task- wise beam search using whisper,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Continual learning with embedding layer surgery and task- wise beam search using whisper,

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.138879Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8f8b341f-f160-4608-982d-668f316da529 · outbound

This paper cites Shallow-fusion end-to-end contextual biasing,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Shallow-fusion end-to-end contextual biasing,

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.142990Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e09667b7-6517-4639-a5ae-bf4e10115268 · outbound

This paper cites Deep context: End-to-end contextual speech recognition,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Deep context: End-to-end contextual speech recognition,

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.147012Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6a1e157a-24e5-444c-9337-419d5a7ab3ab · outbound

This paper cites Look-ahead techniques for fast beam search,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Look-ahead techniques for fast beam search,

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.150994Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 51545148-1925-45f8-8826-d179a2267d02 · outbound

This paper cites A new verification- based fast match approach to large vocabulary speech recogni- tion,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition A new verification- based fast match approach to large vocabulary speech recogni- tion,

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.155045Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 93704ba2-2e11-41be-ab34-2ae6abcf0c68 · outbound

This paper cites We adapt whisper-small and whisper-large-v2 with vanilla fine-tuning (FT) for 2 epochs and set the train batch size to 6.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition We adapt whisper-small and whisper-large-v2 with vanilla fine-tuning (FT) for 2 epochs and set the train batch size to 6

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:43.804264Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ac823fd6-fe20-4349-bc9e-467ce98d92dd · outbound

This paper cites Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.195663Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c3279779-708d-48ad-87f5-50105c965c5c · outbound

This paper cites Building the singapore english national speech corpus,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Building the singapore english national speech corpus,

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.167505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb3e5526-76b9-4a9b-8e09-49d3ee27c891 · outbound

This paper cites Asr model adaptation for rare words using synthetic data generated by multiple text- to-speech systems,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Asr model adaptation for rare words using synthetic data generated by multiple text- to-speech systems,

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.171598Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e75988c1-a366-42f2-91cb-e188186e3c97 · outbound

This paper cites LibriTTS: A Corpus Derived from LibriSpeech for Text-to-Speech.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition LibriTTS: A Corpus Derived from LibriSpeech for Text-to-Speech

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.175636Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 85b2b2eb-4989-42bb-b6cb-db5e4c3224d3 · outbound

This paper cites Conditional variational autoencoder with adversarial learning for end-to-end text-to-speech,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Conditional variational autoencoder with adversarial learning for end-to-end text-to-speech,

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.179613Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b021883d-8cda-4174-a706-02d983b012c3 · outbound

This paper cites Cstr vctk corpus: English multi-speaker corpus for cstr voice cloning toolkit (version 0.92),.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Cstr vctk corpus: English multi-speaker corpus for cstr voice cloning toolkit (version 0.92),

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.183557Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 08ae75f8-6b1e-40fe-abe4-d84df44cc033 · outbound

This paper cites Contextualized Streaming End-to-End Speech Recognition with Trie-Based Deep Biasing and Shallow Fusion.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Contextualized Streaming End-to-End Speech Recognition with Trie-Based Deep Biasing and Shallow Fusion

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.187427Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8ba76ccf-b79e-42c4-a5ee-9e40c665cd94 · outbound

This paper cites SpeechBrain: A General-Purpose Speech Toolkit.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition SpeechBrain: A General-Purpose Speech Toolkit

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.191622Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 971270f4-258e-4f52-8ed3-7a2b7d2da48b · outbound

This paper cites Low resource language adaptation using two-stage regularization for multilingual asr,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Low resource language adaptation using two-stage regularization for multilingual asr,

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.199880Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7170f7cb-0627-4e36-893b-3654c5078482 · outbound

This paper cites Extending whisper for emotion prediction using word-level pseudo labels,.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Extending whisper for emotion prediction using word-level pseudo labels,

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.204156Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2cb56a5a-dd5d-4345-ad31-cc836b411c58 · outbound

This paper cites Can Contextual Biasing Remain Effective with Whisper and GPT-2?.

Efficient Trie-based Biasing using K-step Prediction for Rare Word Recognition Can Contextual Biasing Remain Effective with Whisper and GPT-2?

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T19:36:44.130176Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 53d94c87-9338-45d9-9422-83350b02bd0d · inbound