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Isospin dependence of nuclear EMC effect from global QCD analysis

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arxiv 2602.16589 v2 pith:U7YRDQCU submitted 2026-02-18 hep-ph hep-exnucl-th

Isospin dependence of nuclear EMC effect from global QCD analysis

classification hep-ph hep-exnucl-th
keywords nucleonanalysisnuclearcorrectionsdatadependencefunctionsglobal
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We perform a new global QCD analysis of unpolarized parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the nucleon from proton, deuteron and $A=3$ data, including recent measurements of $^3$He/$D$ and $^3$H/$D$ cross section ratios from the MARATHON experiment at Jefferson Lab. Simultaneously inferring the PDFs and nucleon off-shell corrections allows both to be determined consistently, without theoretical assumptions about the isospin dependence of nuclear effects. The analysis provides strong evidence for the need of nucleon off-shell corrections to describe the $A=3$ data, with large isoscalar and a suggestion of nonzero isovector contributions in $A \leq 3$ nuclei. We find that the extracted EMC ratios of nuclear to nucleon structure functions for $A=2$ and 3 differ from those naively extrapolated from heavy nuclei down to low $A$.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Mapping data sensitivities in global QCD analysis with linear response and influence functions

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    A framework based on linear response and influence functions maps data sensitivities in global QCD analyses to show how experiments determine central values, uncertainties, and correlations of non-perturbative functions.

  2. Impact of parity-violating deep-inelastic scattering on the weak mixing angle and high-$x$ parton distributions

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Simulations of 11 and 22 GeV PVDIS pseudodata indicate potential constraints on low-Q² sin²θ_W and high-x strange quark and d/u PDFs, with strong correlations requiring simultaneous QCD-electroweak analysis.

  3. Stability of parton distributions at high $x$: impact of nuclear and power corrections

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Global fit finds u and d PDFs stable to x≈0.8 with positive isospin-independent higher-twist corrections and nonzero off-shell nucleon contributions required to describe nuclear data.