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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research

As of 6 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 16 of 16 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2603.29632.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2603.29632 v2

Coverage vector

measured 16 of 16 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z

measured 18 of 18 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T07:06:09.856488Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

16 of 16 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact2
  • verified fuzzy4
  • unresolved5
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch5

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 410ae10c-cf10-4e66-b05e-00e9e5aca995 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.522219Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:b24911e594fb51b2b4d5237b7d0fc172acf9ed6745d239c41659230e1ea29f20

Observation a6578ab0-b2bd-45d4-8505-a2a07a42b096 · outbound

This paper cites GLM-4.5V and GLM-4.1V-Thinking: Towards Versatile Multimodal Reasoning with Scalable Reinforcement Learning.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research GLM-4.5V and GLM-4.1V-Thinking: Towards Versatile Multimodal Reasoning with Scalable Reinforcement Learning

Reference 2

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:27.869428Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:745f4e55568cd1fc94e83c0dc861cbeaa0414b8cd0ee8e2715013c0808b9be28

Observation 101b0915-1812-48e1-941c-1c2f13ce5b8e · outbound

This paper cites SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?

Reference 3

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:27.863405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:5406ea4d22147a9780fd2a27a636dd4fada6c64883722afcdcbff3907ea1f3b9

Observation 54f65e44-c2c5-41ce-845d-8dc14c2ce359 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.518022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:5de004bd9045e874f7113e4c6e7269d661a9b826297210e4f170890a94b0c687

Observation f8e02a26-ccd9-4f30-ba5f-38cbe9c2c160 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.506331Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:839fba45653ce1fa3f7a2316dcaa49d775d1afcf806f0b8d79ad9deb26956c8b

Observation a2720cf6-70e7-40fe-a5e4-e3120a054d39 · outbound

This paper cites Transactions of the association for computational linguistics12, 157–173 (2024).

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Transactions of the association for computational linguistics12, 157–173 (2024)

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.510443Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:f286fdbfa7f3a2d065e4d11ef116a243f17d49be2b43f22976f744078ab2f154

Observation 90ed1d66-16a4-4e46-882d-ac6c54b70faa · outbound

This paper cites AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agents.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agents

Reference 7

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:27.851877Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:a9748e934538c6d4c52b3dc0827b00a2db555ff42c417d263258a3a858b4f892

Observation 177574f8-4f48-472a-8bc6-5efa6d0b5244 · outbound

This paper cites The AI Scientist: Towards Fully Automated Open-Ended Scientific Discovery.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research The AI Scientist: Towards Fully Automated Open-Ended Scientific Discovery

Reference 8

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:27.857644Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:e81b098cc90ad9007010932613bb89ce5aeb7244329b60c712c3f9d55f47aa24

Observation 542d6b17-4840-48b3-bb2d-009ada47502e · outbound

This paper cites Evoscientist: Towards multi-agent evolving ai scientists for end-to-end scientific discovery.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Evoscientist: Towards multi-agent evolving ai scientists for end-to-end scientific discovery

Reference 9

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:27.835719Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:10a4d3e918fe409c1ead3375db8b85a6dc7ab1dec4a09a953bac219dd60341e3

Observation 28c7b3ff-752f-4630-b4a7-29259e7da171 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 36th annual acm symposium on user interface software and technology.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research In: Proceedings of the 36th annual acm symposium on user interface software and technology

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.514455Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:eacdde595b784495d0886c752d89e777b8252b934e0d87a510131b11d3bbf000

Observation f39bda4d-db6c-4e71-9967-0840e78aa21a · outbound

This paper cites Bilevel Autoresearch: Meta-Autoresearching Itself.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Bilevel Autoresearch: Meta-Autoresearching Itself

Reference 11

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-04T01:08:13.153435Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:aff0fd9098793bd597e940496de1ab3259a5b1cbbae31237d2ef8b8b6f8f79a0

Observation f4ceb301-4161-456f-93ed-6c5d6a5e86a3 · outbound

This paper cites Multi-Agent Coordination across Diverse Applications: A Survey.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Multi-Agent Coordination across Diverse Applications: A Survey

Reference 12

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:27.846413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:0f0af0a08f98d55e3f9cec03f826e3e718e10efbb2416766e0712d7fe87e65b0

Observation a49854b4-7eef-47c6-88d4-8b7e984718aa · outbound

This paper cites Advances in neural information processing systems35, 24824–24837 (2022).

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Advances in neural information processing systems35, 24824–24837 (2022)

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.495178Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:a96c4040295f96c8f41e7633f755cffaeca203775a07a97dd82cf97717cc173f

Observation 4005ad77-75d7-408c-bdbb-eb4441d730b1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.498613Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:c60bb9e3c2803a36ffeed533a771e02b4459f6ed97423868fe42e7d02e035070

Observation 160cdef7-552b-457a-a81a-79428001e07a · outbound

This paper cites Advances in neural information processing systems36, 11809–11822 (2023) An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research 13.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Advances in neural information processing systems36, 11809–11822 (2023) An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research 13

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.502606Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:c24e6048c3b35e3ef5ff38d81a44e46b0d9d95894d41fb70d94b29a4fa4574b5

Observation 70c29e1e-583c-4f7a-b6dc-fd305a03091a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T23:48:29.491109Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T23:43:30.595949Z digest=sha256:d43dcca0631499bf172d489e31bd6d0a9a620e173f3ee779fcd5897a1ceada71

Pith citing papers

Observation 79900229-42a3-4039-bc39-84470bc3e743 · inbound

Symbolic-Vector Attention Fusion for Collective Intelligence cites this paper.

Symbolic-Vector Attention Fusion for Collective Intelligence An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-13T11:46:35.757645Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-07-13T11:46:35.757645Z digest=sha256:39119b8b149ae29e9a70ba084a0e0352f51f059028ab087bbc98b98341401a00

Observation 41e8322b-f85d-46af-a3a8-8351090cfcd5 · inbound

A Vocabulary for Multi-Agent Automated Research Systems cites this paper.

A Vocabulary for Multi-Agent Automated Research Systems An Empirical Study of Multi-Agent Collaboration for Automated Research

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T07:06:09.856488Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T07:06:09.856488Z digest=sha256:4a53a92b85a2d01903547d8ce18628d97f4e968fae285ddee74a065a8d7b69fd