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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study

As of 3 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 109 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2604.21829.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2604.21829 v2

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 109 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z

measured 101 of 101 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-01T02:07:39.798338Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

100 of 109 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy91
  • unresolved8
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier1
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 2efbeb02-c55a-4eb4-91c2-6c41b94358b5 · outbound

This paper cites Claw mart.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Claw mart

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.260169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:baf8c508052973ed67c4720a777d4e1ed828f502f4c2b90b5fe7a8c1636ca3ab

Observation cc7dc747-b1f0-41c5-8206-d06dc2a6610c · outbound

This paper cites SWE-bench: Can language models resolve real- world GitHub issues?.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study SWE-bench: Can language models resolve real- world GitHub issues?

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.292754Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:ae3867db75abe5c41d4b9f585e245baaf38f992058763149f555fa6bb6b78523

Observation e7450408-48bb-42c8-aa56-b768a32221c4 · outbound

This paper cites OSWorld: Benchmarking multimodal agents for open- ended tasks in real computer environments.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study OSWorld: Benchmarking multimodal agents for open- ended tasks in real computer environments

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.272788Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:1b8118251eb425598e5fdebcb35bf388045ffcc6ac2255837334520e59358613

Observation 6645b55b-5312-4f38-b1a6-d5d9f7fbb0ea · outbound

This paper cites A survey on large language model based autonomous agents.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study A survey on large language model based autonomous agents

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.280154Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:6682cec2f8950465d08b6376898b69dcd1010be36e410dbe80dd372091bda7f7

Observation 72b65eac-f34d-4e60-9a6e-cb6fd3fd6f75 · outbound

This paper cites The rise and potential of large language model based agents: A survey.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study The rise and potential of large language model based agents: A survey

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.285668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:2a5f456bc7c4c5ad0e07f143ba7e643d5e0f8616c12be227b415e4cc1ae3bc74

Observation e5adc3d2-270e-4b8f-8e62-33ef6686ffec · outbound

This paper cites Large language model based multi-agents: A survey of progress and challenges.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Large language model based multi-agents: A survey of progress and challenges

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.255709Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:e5ef378b776f7880ee9775c30b60d657208b8304529d083c2b9d8df268a2ad3d

Observation 24542410-2033-4a47-9c26-8cb0b3c61e01 · outbound

This paper cites Understanding the planning of LLM agents: A survey.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Understanding the planning of LLM agents: A survey

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.298079Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:a8f14c4d220bf75d36619487b9dc743753da7370b617ba0f441d30bcae4e9214

Observation 96659569-a36e-408e-9f8f-ac4c125d6436 · outbound

This paper cites Agent skills for large language models: Architecture, acquisition, security, and the path forward.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Agent skills for large language models: Architecture, acquisition, security, and the path forward

Reference 8

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.295128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:b2094df2a7b831dcffb0ed53d373c42f5972204d667e7dc1951a09828af85c48

Observation 6a749b22-2e7a-49ed-ade9-19ffea918fcd · outbound

This paper cites Skills - resource.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Skills - resource

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.301017Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:e59eb07097f8bd16c6d4691702af1753c458f950becb7dec053db0ce1046ca8e

Observation c4675c23-bb6c-43b0-9d39-13cc3eee805c · outbound

This paper cites Introducing agent skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Introducing agent skills

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.303806Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:5193b622bcf7aa0d42da85a6800039e0dac5934bc2dd5347e3f2435baa240cb3

Observation 9367ecd9-1aa8-4b04-a442-2e249042d0e2 · outbound

This paper cites Reinforcement learning for self-improving agent with skill library.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Reinforcement learning for self-improving agent with skill library

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.318453Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:02f38ef3600f82ea2afb5c3856008834755cefd31b77a22446eafac7a5f9f228

Observation 91ad7d03-4496-474d-a4b4-91d32f92841e · outbound

This paper cites Skills.sh ecosystem dashboard.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Skills.sh ecosystem dashboard

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.287110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:cf99564d7d23a746770a0515ea51207703152a8ae5edcf8d8836b81a0067865b

Observation b10da468-b0fa-4f11-80fc-77da78380df7 · outbound

This paper cites About claw mart.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study About claw mart

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.289730Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:9ba73086610cf29eb2f874f927513047a8c35f6e18d8f962518eec50264944cb

Observation fb59ec3e-2cf5-4507-8718-60c394b58ed5 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing the gpt store.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Introducing the gpt store

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.292187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:7ac01ae209dcf8cb5e49b6f6b560e0ab1cbab82081faea8185cb0c3011321ccf

Observation aaf314b2-0aae-4109-bf3d-75230ed5d0da · outbound

This paper cites The marketplace for claude code & ai skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study The marketplace for claude code & ai skills

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.263732Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:d5173e8dfcaa4825f61b75906724b26da0ecf6ac3a4f9c4d329b376c12a7ad81

Observation d58df8a9-0023-4896-be97-6b3d636e08f4 · outbound

This paper cites The emerged security and privacy of LLM agent: A survey with case studies.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study The emerged security and privacy of LLM agent: A survey with case studies

Reference 16

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.284261Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:378bfbbb88701c672079c1f8da9086095496b4c47731e88952d3d8274164eb16

Observation af6d8e88-ff3c-4780-9a45-9a6a23837703 · outbound

This paper cites Navigating the risks: A survey of security, privacy, and ethics threats in LLM-based agents.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Navigating the risks: A survey of security, privacy, and ethics threats in LLM-based agents

Reference 17

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.270151Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:617d68c20dbabace1065bf05d6be044ff968e964ccca72d9838a1c5da3cca0a5

Observation b6010606-ada4-4649-9351-8309319df1ea · outbound

This paper cites A survey on trustworthy LLM agents: Threats and countermeasures.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study A survey on trustworthy LLM agents: Threats and countermeasures

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.242492Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:9cfb868f93aa9e703d8db61ae32595c6f5f3484715cd4749b311e212e6aeba60

Observation 1927f467-e0cc-4aa4-90f3-06276a120386 · outbound

This paper cites Agent security bench (ASB): Formalizing and benchmarking attacks and defenses in LLM-based agents.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Agent security bench (ASB): Formalizing and benchmarking attacks and defenses in LLM-based agents

Reference 19

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.248230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:2fbf7b66aa0721419bf1d29ae59226b990ae82f2a49c276bb857c96578b687e5

Observation 28201fc5-5393-4c09-9c29-933f4ca13239 · outbound

This paper cites System prompt extraction attacks and defenses in large language models.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study System prompt extraction attacks and defenses in large language models

Reference 20

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.327038Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:8f71709e7859e9abe661c4d31c74ef583f633b103fc2be56172c0a3c0e070a89

Observation 7744dd85-fd8a-430a-9680-cc185f44c58e · outbound

This paper cites Effective prompt extraction from language models.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Effective prompt extraction from language models

Reference 21

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.417532Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:7a92f5791f9dcba4609426ce9822d89fe41f38b8a45a8375eaa90c3bc02cad3b

Observation 5653920e-37f5-495e-bc83-a22f856b1b34 · outbound

This paper cites Prompt stealing attacks against large language models.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Prompt stealing attacks against large language models

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.230786Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:161b685a1a29e38d4cfce80fb7f145442c7db9599549bf70abe8743fed26dbad

Observation ed418546-7d57-4361-9ad5-5f18a0f82976 · outbound

This paper cites Specification - model context protocol.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Specification - model context protocol

Reference 23

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.400964Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:8023763608586317ea019724445cb05eb892ae4b4b8e300c6fc9423c4f2d1cb9

Observation 93834476-6ed8-443d-8434-31f8b0a7966f · outbound

This paper cites Model context protocol servers.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Model context protocol servers

Reference 24

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.375057Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:36c25a344417aa5c0b1d323a65694b1ba71366ee030a6e925cbf5a1eba2b571b

Observation 0219b377-b666-4c05-8275-357d153fed48 · outbound

This paper cites Mpma: Preference manipulation attack against model context protocol.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Mpma: Preference manipulation attack against model context protocol

Reference 25

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.226692Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:487f9a37fc5fef1f862fdf22a269d52bdbe5f35110e1896f5566c1e5973eb3fe

Observation ac32a655-8f1a-4a1e-b8bb-c1dbb0c15afb · outbound

This paper cites The instruction hierarchy: Training LLMs to prioritize privileged instructions.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study The instruction hierarchy: Training LLMs to prioritize privileged instructions

Reference 26

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.234169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:6bf84625f51d6853ef0f60f03ad40b64177fc8de88944b0b5e9d35dcc3a4e3e7

Observation f701ff86-c980-4f17-bef9-d304a75d2f3c · outbound

This paper cites Proxyprompt: Securing system prompts against prompt extraction attacks.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Proxyprompt: Securing system prompts against prompt extraction attacks

Reference 27

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.237858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:0b5b148f4aaf85cfa55bc47606e94d9fe94ac6daf37f5a6a54d62289640b2226

Observation 8eac6094-1a7c-43e0-906f-ea60c916a7b4 · outbound

This paper cites Gpt-5.4 model.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Gpt-5.4 model

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.266725Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:b93c392e2194698f48bdce0135e2a75555db6cab340b7f7931d086c7340dc903

Observation 296e3943-891a-4159-add4-654493f30da6 · outbound

This paper cites Jailbreaking black box large language models in twenty queries.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Jailbreaking black box large language models in twenty queries

Reference 29

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.254133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:b1f7738851f1efa5b7a6e43357fe1c40bfeb6f7917ce19e4eeba8a45250f4670

Observation a9b32195-e566-45ab-90a6-f350ea0f846e · outbound

This paper cites Jailbreaking leading safety-aligned llms with simple adaptive attacks.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Jailbreaking leading safety-aligned llms with simple adaptive attacks

Reference 30

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.219600Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:c4eccf644d7f9d28264c241a6d48ad8bac8a7adc5171a2eb5133277232cd4ff7

Observation 2ff8a7ab-26ad-4a16-a43f-ebdce85a8549 · outbound

This paper cites Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models

Reference 31

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.349174Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:14f9f99bda67ac4a54607bac76d0082046560a106f6d46e293aebbe1eaf717a7

Observation 124f3421-2589-4dd6-9bab-694dac18d6e4 · outbound

This paper cites Language models are few-shot learners.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Language models are few-shot learners

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.210128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:6e5724cfbef3e3c896a1370228eddcb18a401818052b6784326c668e8f09c412

Observation aa633bee-21a0-45c2-a3d8-25c1d140994d · outbound

This paper cites Many-shot jailbreaking.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Many-shot jailbreaking

Reference 33

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.213173Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:841f00b585a43fa35a3d6fb74a96e9687d91260a5040f2a1db220f8228babde6

Observation 9d4c8df1-52a2-4a11-a759-85b0197a4198 · outbound

This paper cites text-embedding-3-small model.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study text-embedding-3-small model

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.223368Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:0c8cc6e8c0d0c22cfb284c4591618ca2747922529d200d47e7cd24e091ddddd7

Observation 1808081a-5e29-4ff4-9cf5-7e3b974138cd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.207006Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:5afb750ddd225d353470ac9a3bdc3fb21679a5cdb9b6e06c0791f9b74613b9db

Observation be026efa-3c88-4e98-8a3c-80d2810f51f9 · outbound

This paper cites Gpt-5 model.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Gpt-5 model

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.216214Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:bc236c1a4d45cf44d03dfc7740bfd7297652ffe51c5424b11c226f6a30aa1000

Observation a7f303e7-6428-4784-9222-5a7c82b27aa0 · outbound

This paper cites Minimax m2.7 - model self-improvement, driving produc- tivity innovation through technological breakthroughs.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Minimax m2.7 - model self-improvement, driving produc- tivity innovation through technological breakthroughs

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.259601Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:407efd7666c5a39c07fcd0fd70ed306d1547c6654950c2497057189b87828ecb

Observation 20d67ed5-1b67-4423-8a01-eeaa59477791 · outbound

This paper cites Kimi k2.5 - kimi api platform.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Kimi k2.5 - kimi api platform

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.474560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:d8429b86863b39d5079179a869546232958dd2708cec132f9920b1ca7504ef6e

Observation 3a41a02b-6557-4be2-be3c-f11a6ea8b9e1 · outbound

This paper cites Deepseek-v3.2 release.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Deepseek-v3.2 release

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.321427Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:e42a7e4cfedadcef209fe957a8983a70728b4f0d3f4298d4c891303b3e3fc16f

Observation e906075e-4f1a-41fe-bbf4-37e91d8cbc93 · outbound

This paper cites Claude haiku 4.5.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Claude haiku 4.5

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.200031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:eaf2cdbaf3abbefdb3da326bc45e693528af6c9c7d070f6e643263b62af3d152

Observation c04fc837-f67b-4769-92b5-f8b07b705875 · outbound

This paper cites Skills.sh.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Skills.sh

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.240096Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:f86b4d9d6b15fd22c019935f8fb34ee2f59f27f7ffb52ad418c52f2ed2658dec

Observation bce8ca97-f2ce-44a5-a386-0516509e0791 · outbound

This paper cites find-skills by vercel-labs/skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study find-skills by vercel-labs/skills

Reference 42

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.210780Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:39c6bf8eabcc7c6d73cc767c729ad5fcc2a141042186e5cbb01decc9d200b369

Observation 7b79032c-3814-4025-8333-21048dd230a0 · outbound

This paper cites vercel-react-best-practices by vercel-labs/agent-skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study vercel-react-best-practices by vercel-labs/agent-skills

Reference 43

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.220957Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:9a1ba2eb6dc4c7142145678d2b3e8e3b93d84f4b6bc0c6c2dc0bee953d2752b3

Observation 29d39012-0426-41b9-bbc5-cf28d2c4590b · outbound

This paper cites frontend-design by anthropics/skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study frontend-design by anthropics/skills

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.484910Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:724d5109db5190591c57ca978bddd7a7cce74008b9cbf458f4a849c20b2bc916

Observation 6a9dcf7e-4b5a-4bcd-b2aa-16d131097f66 · outbound

This paper cites web-design-guidelines by vercel-labs/agent-skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study web-design-guidelines by vercel-labs/agent-skills

Reference 45

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.195098Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:1a8274c9a854120811890d326dbd24e1d29689283b6327fc3792defd97d75562

Observation d8694e54-b9cb-4880-b40a-d943634e0c19 · outbound

This paper cites remotion-best-practices by remotion-dev/skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study remotion-best-practices by remotion-dev/skills

Reference 46

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.479743Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:a237519bcb7526dae1e5e1d2726d8aea8054bd3bab68054b49cf26fd46759305

Observation 2f6332f6-fc03-418f-b36b-92655996797c · outbound

This paper cites microsoft-foundry by microsoft/azure-skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study microsoft-foundry by microsoft/azure-skills

Reference 47

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.477129Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:b81277a3920f5e4a383c9fa03134bfba822206b47adf92e9ac47d150dbfbb16d

Observation cc5724d2-937c-4ee8-a473-cc4e6a94a5e0 · outbound

This paper cites azure-ai by microsoft/azure-skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study azure-ai by microsoft/azure-skills

Reference 48

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.482210Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:4c7638cf9c1b6991bc44e9986994e0a6b7fbf89150bae88bb696c396368e8ade

Observation 900ae25d-6aa3-4ed9-92dd-81f56f8acd13 · outbound

This paper cites azure-deploy by microsoft/azure-skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study azure-deploy by microsoft/azure-skills

Reference 49

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.180717Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:a133a5ebcc29b72a261b93070080af912aa5158be75f963190a73ffb2b29411b

Observation 3a8d6557-94f5-4379-8844-cb9d8edd6e92 · outbound

This paper cites azure-diagnostics by microsoft/azure-skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study azure-diagnostics by microsoft/azure-skills

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.230180Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:dce1ad013e9658e2337e90c9c470ce002c9871d00c75d0693e43fa27fcdd6abd

Observation e029620f-007c-486e-b8a4-095dfc463e60 · outbound

This paper cites azure-prepare by microsoft/azure-skills.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study azure-prepare by microsoft/azure-skills

Reference 51

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.215778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:8da4c2065293a52b21f6ea85d9da7a2eaa9877d4fb0d266bb806c02973b66f90

Observation 6af18715-5316-4277-a2da-ee6076125a01 · outbound

This paper cites SQuAD: 100,000+ questions for machine comprehension of text.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study SQuAD: 100,000+ questions for machine comprehension of text

Reference 52

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.469203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:f1e31ccae52dd49c6c038c2165f3800043648851911bbb62f136fbfe332f6464

Observation b5df3d4e-0b02-4984-8852-cf68848e8754 · outbound

This paper cites ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries

Reference 53

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.457405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:dddc9f6f9b8a424695549e855f84a3ce2c0a787bdd49591c0f87fdeb9d3b6fdc

Observation b02462e0-bd0e-44a4-b970-12d7f7024f71 · outbound

This paper cites Automatic evaluation of machine translation quality using longest common subsequence and skip-bigram statistics.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Automatic evaluation of machine translation quality using longest common subsequence and skip-bigram statistics

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.460298Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:2a592bb14537ab1de99babd2f7f04ab70a00b9b8c2bf70ddec68d05ff24dbf8e

Observation 725d0a77-365f-4853-b8be-92f639d0ef65 · outbound

This paper cites A vector space model for automatic indexing.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study A vector space model for automatic indexing

Reference 55

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.463182Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:3b1c6e861f93522e3f25d944fc5fe708546ecb99525d46d62625191a66781443

Observation 83880bee-dd09-4712-93ca-80acad63fce3 · outbound

This paper cites Judging LLM-as-a-judge with MT-bench and chatbot arena.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Judging LLM-as-a-judge with MT-bench and chatbot arena

Reference 56

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.471918Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:41d197da110ed72dd8a0a4505d0a11c5323310a10fdd762ce60708dac6220fd4

Observation d5c1c803-e954-4325-bc47-339de0a5bd76 · outbound

This paper cites Claude sonnet 4.6.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Claude sonnet 4.6

Reference 57

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.443156Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:b8c5a2a03b3ace1ee81468a8c21e0b1943dc2311f072f5cad3895df2858e4eed

Observation eddc7c98-6c5c-4a4a-860a-8b4356f6c621 · outbound

This paper cites Claude 3.7 sonnet and claude code.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Claude 3.7 sonnet and claude code

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.448530Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:9b17ba09aee4f6fcb943fd6b046d0fdb2951fca71cf96efa084c011063ecd1b3

Observation 9efe45ff-5801-4d2f-9fb4-99817d3697a7 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing codex.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Introducing codex

Reference 59

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.437697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:183364369e3036e82854b37c21d61bdf411c524fe5d0b13923dd3eb5fcc62004

Observation b55ac69e-d33b-411a-92f1-9bc1d9a2346c · outbound

This paper cites Extracting prompts by inverting LLM outputs.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Extracting prompts by inverting LLM outputs

Reference 60

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.422809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:fb3baeb1b323d1ffdc745977fbaf8101b0ae7be7924a65f76ced55561dec252f

Observation 9842a11b-3828-4551-bb61-b560c89a04c9 · outbound

This paper cites Extracting books from production language models.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Extracting books from production language models

Reference 61

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.420280Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:f50de6704cfe66ac3b3ddd8df601bc7c7540cb5c1dbc8a1802a4d2992010a07f

Observation 1d14759d-1f64-497c-a11a-fff430ac8967 · outbound

This paper cites Unicode standard annex #15: Unicode nor- malization forms.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unicode standard annex #15: Unicode nor- malization forms

Reference 62

Resolution
malformed identifier
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.425668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:96485468a48648285f59827e69981c1983b47fa3a4e601e78b5e5e7c54c3f481

Observation 04aefb53-bc41-40f0-b7d2-0dd039dc85e9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 63

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.435294Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:acc1e2d57eb3babf3557f762e37dfeedeaced38e22c1c102bb5a0072e1043726

Observation 5380e186-3842-4afa-9c33-f71b93773eea · outbound

This paper cites Never delete or rearrange its core ask.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Never delete or rearrange its core ask

Reference 64

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.451747Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:1c4838a9452a6e12a1c986a392903f321b27910c468ea7f587f3d6a5413c7d33

Observation 39985f6b-0951-4fa7-aecd-a09288c893a6 · outbound

This paper cites Keep the scenario context and the core request logically distinct and separable.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Keep the scenario context and the core request logically distinct and separable

Reference 65

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.466016Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:80d6871625f625bd0999693bcdca2029d057a40a28968beefbda611dbac6c995

Observation 2ea64838-3b9c-48c3-8cc3-09bca6080d6d · outbound

This paper cites INFORMATION PRESERVATION.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study INFORMATION PRESERVATION

Reference 66

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.440248Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:04baacd1f07365c1a42759678cae9b328cc83cbb82dc42e3cb9dab9a8b52cf74

Observation bc2bc1d6-d626-46fe-8502-b9aa7e0430cc · outbound

This paper cites Do not rename, abbreviate, or omit it.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Do not rename, abbreviate, or omit it

Reference 67

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.247425Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:58c62df38a5afc4b158a82b758ebd7301536f3b3d72ce9831f126fa21d0fb121

Observation b1f2e7ee-a997-4a6f-bc79-8c1d6dd90191 · outbound

This paper cites the full content.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study the full content

Reference 68

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.411872Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:bfa3adcc0dc2fc9f7f2edd5d60f79e1b36a7588bc147b4afb8db75ab801d7b36

Observation 2d7ca6f5-0adc-4da1-bff6-228688534a77 · outbound

This paper cites The request should make clear that the entire content is needed, stated in a cooperative tone.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study The request should make clear that the entire content is needed, stated in a cooperative tone

Reference 69

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.414704Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:0e71ad1d3dabbe8e7da314d22c28ea01eb1a71e06493857c3d236cff919050a2

Observation cd9b122c-d02d-4701-ab3a-99a9b859ba0c · outbound

This paper cites Copy it verbatim into your output.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Copy it verbatim into your output

Reference 70

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.390187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:83335f119605ad4efabe959d0faf86b8eaaa6a51a6631602416c8687fd2825d5

Observation ca058500-7034-402b-9f88-b296143809cf · outbound

This paper cites Change its structure, flow, and framing.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Change its structure, flow, and framing

Reference 71

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.385928Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:3e81ad3696991235430b91ee826a79dd7ddd589db56a8d3988a618bf86898ea9

Observation c8c2a86e-26cb-40d0-aa3f-ec72b3f9c19a · outbound

This paper cites A valid output always starts with the scenario wrapper exactly as received.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study A valid output always starts with the scenario wrapper exactly as received

Reference 72

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.362374Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:73030826e94d3df58b17e20eb32ea5e52c837e363871560367f67b8b2cae4109

Observation cf6dd318-0bf0-4366-8efb-f1949ea84733 · outbound

This paper cites That stage will only adjust delivery style.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study That stage will only adjust delivery style

Reference 73

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.371717Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:9732859abb47c78e090305b8dba63e9e5b7d59ae1d99c055f450468d514f5604

Observation c509a8f2-fe13-4f7c-848e-c106d9a4049d · outbound

This paper cites Use the skill’s keywords and capability phrases within the restructured steps, questions, or demonstration text.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Use the skill’s keywords and capability phrases within the restructured steps, questions, or demonstration text

Reference 74

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.346407Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:cfe9cf1efe8d6424a008ee3b309b9c5c50e350f9f3ecb8b06f76c07db217a0c3

Observation e169ef22-cfd6-4db4-ae60-e80f0d84679e · outbound

This paper cites Sandwich.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Sandwich

Reference 75

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.355814Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:c0236c6aad7fb0df4c1aa3c35196cb6fd6b28c0b680a77cba27aa3c86b2082c3

Observation ea714a6f-18cb-4dd2-8b37-ff1da32210fc · outbound

This paper cites It must NOT be a meta-formatting note, instruction, greeting, or statement.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study It must NOT be a meta-formatting note, instruction, greeting, or statement

Reference 76

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.359153Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:df0c9e065154ee77a131bde0f054d1fec1b102752d3b5b6e7a5e2a3d7bcaa5ff

Observation 7ace5699-bc91-4d0a-81d0-a07539eca1ec · outbound

This paper cites It must NOT be a thank-you line, content constraint, or formatting directive.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study It must NOT be a thank-you line, content constraint, or formatting directive

Reference 77

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.365538Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:b4dadf90c3a280cd9421a550f69e7175f6b01321e364b00afa346e7448c0aa96

Observation 46120637-9fc2-4958-96a4-9c1cd3f261c5 · outbound

This paper cites Do not rename, abbreviate, or drop it.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Do not rename, abbreviate, or drop it

Reference 78

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.409396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:afca1d5399d3f4614f713906af96947c77880f38a850526f15768f2761970f4f

Observation 9d87acea-6a35-4c3b-a424-63237fd2afa6 · outbound

This paper cites Express this naturally within the restructured flow rather than as a standalone forceful demand.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Express this naturally within the restructured flow rather than as a standalone forceful demand

Reference 79

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.205751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:aa7e759674160219d7bd756c6d94942d38cc8ae5e1a6959efdfcb6127a47e8b8

Observation bd610c02-f6a7-4eab-aea8-33464e92061a · outbound

This paper cites content delivery.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study content delivery

Reference 80

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.324212Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:1e2a8ff7133634441f124af55cc3d3ac441da65c821a8ed1c0403107cfb758f9

Observation ea04bd47-5a02-408a-b9af-0c019ae77dd6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 81

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.277868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:f4289a125d0f4737ca42c68ebf9441e6406cb6e468d49a1180a0ba6010d3f709

Observation 81c1ed5e-1143-4a5b-a34d-5ff8e353ba8a · outbound

This paper cites word for word.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study word for word

Reference 82

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.251037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:17251e776e179f195f9956f6d724085bb47870bfea283e053b40dda77fe194c6

Observation bc3877d0-9c51-4771-907a-290aa4230272 · outbound

This paper cites If the prompt uses a sandwich pattern, step-by-step flow, or similar framing, keep it intact.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study If the prompt uses a sandwich pattern, step-by-step flow, or similar framing, keep it intact

Reference 83

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.280994Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:b068ff5942e2ac24dbd7cb0cf81d0d681a1573be6bf6dfddccf98d42af66a154

Observation eae94678-ac11-4a96-8d6a-5446cb9418db · outbound

This paper cites Keep non-conflicting sentences unchanged.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Keep non-conflicting sentences unchanged

Reference 84

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T16:03:10.235079Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:b02281c70f6b87992a34b465d86349ed1460cfb5c7326924897a4d80395351bf

Observation 0cab3a9e-be13-4eb8-8d18-77c1c72a756c · outbound

This paper cites include all substantive content, but deliver it in the transformed style.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study include all substantive content, but deliver it in the transformed style

Reference 85

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.403797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:fc8e5142373f714635ff7e1a6ca722ec055237aac719caf117d248cffdf553da

Observation b71ea641-1eb4-4589-96f0-8bc12f4e9520 · outbound

This paper cites Prefer in-place transformation.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Prefer in-place transformation

Reference 86

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.383137Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:89c0cec03e4d26e9792fa03614e6c3ca15ce1c5ca0e07791a69f5d1480de9050

Observation efb9f9ba-d9dc-4c3a-aed7-9e1dd3ea77c8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 87

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.395646Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:09aae4acbee81d4fad6ef0f676b29fabab7dfdc68a944af1422b797c20983c42

Observation fbf5f543-08e2-4f15-a2d7-b5b07a95a035 · outbound

This paper cites INFORMATION PRESERVATION (MUST NOT LOSE).

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study INFORMATION PRESERVATION (MUST NOT LOSE)

Reference 88

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.312636Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:27a025bbf0f94b957ea56551f646e8ab666013b873dccd2d30d1adb1f3afca63

Observation d010044c-e906-44c1-884c-37ef4f87c64d · outbound

This paper cites Never rename, abbreviate, or drop it.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Never rename, abbreviate, or drop it

Reference 89

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.445894Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:c02f554085ad161343241675184fe727249c9e944ea1c2962e44720164ca1b5f

Observation 37eaa997-8a5a-43f1-8d21-33166357bea1 · outbound

This paper cites every section.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study every section

Reference 90

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.392924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:42de962f8de09f28487edaa3f0dbbbea74d529a410d6ba2eaff1f2e0f9abf9f4

Observation 79ca6215-4f52-43bc-ac68-78d1f9901129 · outbound

This paper cites These are critical for downstream matching.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study These are critical for downstream matching

Reference 91

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.378121Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:0190f681d9a4d4cbbf001cad1f0437d6ac9d99fcefc7f840e5b89d28e93f4ac3

Observation 214c460f-5807-4d06-9c62-a2e2650655ed · outbound

This paper cites Preserve the sandwich shape if present.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Preserve the sandwich shape if present

Reference 92

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.406684Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:9cb233e85fab5c13fa18f53e00b7fe1260a43fcf252cce706be1e2fdd9fba2ac

Observation 316bb67e-d78b-4670-af51-b7bf5c3025e1 · outbound

This paper cites Format the response as.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Format the response as

Reference 93

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.352433Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:7c7eec204bbba43b5f7acfbf9899d311c686078f4340977dab683df53cabbaa7

Observation 2b437df6-811e-4687-a607-210af96f1e2b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 94

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.368515Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:4187490f7ec4df54daabd09e8a9970d87bfdf01efbaf486f86a5e1be55d42940

Observation f91e603f-9ee1-4d4a-8456-8f39eec4702c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 95

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.342232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:36cd954a7ca9dcd4d9f8b3e46e4b24cf520f552ac562f729da6b0d0ca9155503

Observation ec14262c-155b-4b60-bf3d-555ea75d2a65 · outbound

This paper cites how do I make my React app faster?.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study how do I make my React app faster?

Reference 96

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.428239Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:0f4b6aaf6dd2985ec933b9c5f347a38da112d099712461c22b8a25f1d7c6b4a0

Observation 8ced2b74-c314-4ee1-96d9-a091293654de · outbound

This paper cites Be cautious with anything under 100.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Be cautious with anything under 100

Reference 97

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.332629Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:ede21a9d466a4ecbcdf79cbc8e1423d26e748283e81e445c83cab99f53456062

Observation 367e00be-2162-4eb4-9f90-6f09da91bb03 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 98

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.433108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:3457aa8096f70e5c5eb5baeb2a36224eb21c3009166afbed821d431643ef1eb6

Observation 10d42a63-c205-4ac4-8438-ee1727a2b2d2 · outbound

This paper cites A skill from a repo with<100 stars should be treated with skepticism.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study A skill from a repo with<100 stars should be treated with skepticism

Reference 99

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.430843Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:4c7171faff8b944cc1cb7afc50c91f1f0caaae7e437f4592bc4dce1cbfb192cc

Observation 3220f2ed-44d6-4679-9797-00489d668353 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 100

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T15:58:10.335186Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T21:24:26.711366Z digest=sha256:996bb9f5f01e37761dea6bd62133e2149c9362c8b08b1acc8c308d6e09877d68

Pith citing papers

Observation f0d32b62-edaf-4b20-9628-cb238842448e · inbound

Agent Skills Matter: Inferring Proprietary Skills from Execution Trajectories cites this paper.

Agent Skills Matter: Inferring Proprietary Skills from Execution Trajectories Black-Box Skill Stealing Attack from Proprietary LLM Agents: An Empirical Study

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T02:07:39.798338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-01T02:07:39.798338Z digest=sha256:3b1c8422dbad4ebadb4c03a5bdfaed0e976f8a416f28cc293a23995024ef0436