Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks

As of 4 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 29 of 29 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2605.04534.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2605.04534 v2

Coverage vector

measured 29 of 29 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-30T23:42:46.093925Z

measured 31 of 31 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-30T23:42:46.093925Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-06-30T23:45:07.848597Z

Reference resolution

29 of 29 outbound references displayed

verified exact5
verified fuzzy15
unresolved7
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier2
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 89a15346-b558-42a0-8fbc-609187d8cd01 · outbound

This paper cites Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-06-30T23:45:07.849855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation f9f9737b-202f-47b6-9684-1ba3d327624d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.339274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 62b8f077-ce2a-4ea9-a7e1-001ef1aba3a6 · outbound

This paper cites 3.1 Course Structure Our exploratory analysis was conducted in a third-year un- dergraduate course offered at a public North American in- stitution.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks 3.1 Course Structure Our exploratory analysis was conducted in a third-year un- dergraduate course offered at a public North American in- stitution

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.343479Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 69019197-c5b1-4a99-bdea-accc3741fc86 · outbound

This paper cites Prompt Used: Here is my summary for the attached paper: [student’s draft] Revise it for any grammatical issues.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Prompt Used: Here is my summary for the attached paper: [student’s draft] Revise it for any grammatical issues

Reference 4

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.341384Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 46f2bed1-b8c3-4f42-ac08-f8a6f9fe7f06 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.349431Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 5db2779b-b322-4b20-ad41-4010725f62c8 · outbound

This paper cites We found that only a minority of students (23 out of 68; 34%) used LLMs for the course assignments.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks We found that only a minority of students (23 out of 68; 34%) used LLMs for the course assignments

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.345869Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 8a6b11b0-9907-4077-923e-b32ba36793ca · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.353007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 5977b3d1-4c57-41ee-bead-139346246986 · outbound

This paper cites This work was also supported in part by the In- stitute for Computing, Information and Cognitive Systems (ICICS) at UBC.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks This work was also supported in part by the In- stitute for Computing, Information and Cognitive Systems (ICICS) at UBC

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.350300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 7bff76d0-86d9-4b4a-966b-beb8ebe7af3d · outbound

This paper cites Brender, L.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Brender, L

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.333421Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 4039099e-9e44-4893-91c8-62bb65379b2e · outbound

This paper cites Bull and A.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Bull and A

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.335425Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation a659a85e-06ed-4a9d-b567-65019d81bcf3 · outbound

This paper cites Flower and J.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Flower and J

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.337213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation e08ed96e-202f-45b6-b4f3-7ee4b8fa0bd6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.355160Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation d5eb5f04-89ed-4587-879b-6c4911c3fca5 · outbound

This paper cites Ghimire and J.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Ghimire and J

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.357732Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation a36d3606-78b8-479c-b4c1-3e56741a4275 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.329668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 99dba457-45b7-4fab-a153-c0caedd8948b · outbound

This paper cites Grande, N.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Grande, N

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.327402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 60eb9e77-3df4-4063-8372-fe9c820e385d · outbound

This paper cites An Empirical Study to Understand How Students Use ChatGPT for Writing Essays.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks An Empirical Study to Understand How Students Use ChatGPT for Writing Essays

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-06-30T23:45:07.847301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation b21ba51b-4909-487f-b284-6b923bf86dfd · outbound

This paper cites Kazemitabaar, X.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Kazemitabaar, X

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.331448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 47e16c55-b3eb-490d-9493-c8a99caac7a6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.347486Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 11aa3685-7540-4bd7-a3be-d6ad245ec0ca · outbound

This paper cites Ban It Till We Understand It.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Ban It Till We Understand It

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.322056Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation ba9ca9b2-6f7d-4067-a461-dc606398bf2b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.359889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation d41d012a-fd1f-4745-8330-620074d09bd0 · outbound

This paper cites MacNeil, A.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks MacNeil, A

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.319964Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 8a93ef17-c6bc-4104-8af0-f01f5ea2711c · outbound

This paper cites Assigning AI: Seven Approaches for Students, with Prompts.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Assigning AI: Seven Approaches for Students, with Prompts

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T23:45:07.852329Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 37dc3544-684f-4df2-83b6-4d4c872a3268 · outbound

This paper cites Orozco Vasquez, R.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Orozco Vasquez, R

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.323928Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 65c0b342-1080-4c42-be8b-25e1ed8c4fc1 · outbound

This paper cites Rasnayaka, G.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Rasnayaka, G

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.325614Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 56d021cd-8b17-4ba4-b4f6-c26d79926c39 · outbound

This paper cites TELeR: A General Taxonomy of LLM Prompts for Benchmarking Complex Tasks.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks TELeR: A General Taxonomy of LLM Prompts for Benchmarking Complex Tasks

Reference 25

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T23:45:07.855013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation e1096bd2-5524-49fa-af2e-04109c79b4a7 · outbound

This paper cites Sawalha, I.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Sawalha, I

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.316159Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation bf31f98a-8eff-4033-baf1-b9119a7abb19 · outbound

This paper cites The Prompt Report: A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering Techniques.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks The Prompt Report: A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering Techniques

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-06-30T23:45:07.844608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 9cffbd7e-0458-4ea7-808b-7307fab265e3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.317969Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation d6271727-c3a8-4c52-b4d6-500ca195cfc1 · outbound

This paper cites Vadaparty, D.

Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks Vadaparty, D

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-07T10:23:42.314516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation c7d7446c-bfe9-4308-a7af-8959665e3ca6 · inbound