Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 43 of 43 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2606.13894.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2606.13894 v2

Coverage vector

measured 43 of 43 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

measured 43 of 43 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

43 of 43 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved43
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 8f6812a3-4454-4bfd-bcee-ffd30c9aebcd · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer write newline

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c2f47ac6-a85f-4320-afec-3bf69847f0ec · outbound

This paper cites Np-hardness of euclidean sum-of-squares clustering.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Np-hardness of euclidean sum-of-squares clustering

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 0225f9de-8db4-4f62-bc51-1276a8e01be4 · outbound

This paper cites Memory efficient adaptive optimization.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Memory efficient adaptive optimization

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation e905a720-760c-43b2-9bb4-4c07ed4b5072 · outbound

This paper cites An iterative algorithm for computing the best estimate of an orthogonal matrix.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer An iterative algorithm for computing the best estimate of an orthogonal matrix

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 6addacb6-fb40-445e-88ee-5488e8c2b6b0 · outbound

This paper cites Symbolic discovery of optimization algorithms.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Symbolic discovery of optimization algorithms

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 138c125e-e36b-4b27-a69f-e2f71819bc1b · outbound

This paper cites Large scale machine learning.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Large scale machine learning

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 9275a8b0-2b7f-4f83-b4c4-bbdf9445317f · outbound

This paper cites Random projection trees for vector quantization.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Random projection trees for vector quantization

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 7f1d67dd-c340-420d-a4e5-e688e4d951aa · outbound

This paper cites Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 85af1874-7e65-4b84-a222-377e963a6480 · outbound

This paper cites 8-bit Optimizers via Block-wise Quantization.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer 8-bit Optimizers via Block-wise Quantization

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation b738f9bc-0791-46c1-9ef0-ff202bf5098e · outbound

This paper cites Adaptive subgradient methods for online learning and stochastic optimization.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Adaptive subgradient methods for online learning and stochastic optimization

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 46c78d12-1f4a-4c5f-b52f-c1ed39ab3028 · outbound

This paper cites Deep residual learning for image recognition.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Deep residual learning for image recognition

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 2afd527b-6ce6-4128-b845-97041a9884ff · outbound

This paper cites Functions of matrices: theory and computation.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Functions of matrices: theory and computation

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 39f95338-3a1f-407a-ae8c-b729621bd3b0 · outbound

This paper cites Gpipe: Efficient training of giant neural networks using pipeline parallelism.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Gpipe: Efficient training of giant neural networks using pipeline parallelism

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation e664e3f3-3c39-41b6-b44e-141b42191c9e · outbound

This paper cites Zo-adamu optimizer: Adapting perturbation by the momentum and uncertainty in zeroth-order optimization.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Zo-adamu optimizer: Adapting perturbation by the momentum and uncertainty in zeroth-order optimization

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 79dd8bcf-e7dd-4c91-a95e-dc2f008cec7a · outbound

This paper cites Muon: An optimizer for hidden layers in neural networks.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Muon: An optimizer for hidden layers in neural networks

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation a32e3a7b-2029-4d69-954e-3b4b4117c1db · outbound

This paper cites Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation e91f4ac9-2b52-4113-a981-9b87bbb1629e · outbound

This paper cites Numba: A llvm-based python jit compiler.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Numba: A llvm-based python jit compiler

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 93e98d3b-50b4-4fb5-9fc8-7fefd1d0c5f4 · outbound

This paper cites Handbuch der Lehre von der Verteilung der Primazahlen, volume 1.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Handbuch der Lehre von der Verteilung der Primazahlen, volume 1

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation e346bb63-7be6-46af-ab0a-7518ac7a6f71 · outbound

This paper cites Memory efficient optimizers with 4-bit states.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Memory efficient optimizers with 4-bit states

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 12d9afed-7b30-432e-bf15-f0404ee74fff · outbound

This paper cites PyTorch Distributed: Experiences on Accelerating Data Parallel Training.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer PyTorch Distributed: Experiences on Accelerating Data Parallel Training

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 53b75470-b39b-4710-8957-bbb1912ef668 · outbound

This paper cites Torchtitan: One-stop pytorch native solution for production ready LLM pretraining.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Torchtitan: One-stop pytorch native solution for production ready LLM pretraining

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation b1f6cced-5322-48ce-b26d-fb8f758078ce · outbound

This paper cites Sophia: A scalable stochastic second-order optimizer for language model pre-training.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Sophia: A scalable stochastic second-order optimizer for language model pre-training

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation a6e52bf2-2449-4e61-8172-99449d7880ae · outbound

This paper cites Sparse mezo: Less parameters for better performance in zeroth-order llm fine-tuning.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Sparse mezo: Less parameters for better performance in zeroth-order llm fine-tuning

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation a0a4ab07-0fe3-41c5-9579-e3224fce9301 · outbound

This paper cites Least squares quantization in pcm.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Least squares quantization in pcm

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 384d3efe-73ee-4b0b-80ee-b4ea6a2c5371 · outbound

This paper cites Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 6f4ae7f8-35a7-4896-bb2b-a240ec3158c2 · outbound

This paper cites The planar k-means problem is np-hard.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer The planar k-means problem is np-hard

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation f6d9402a-3cf0-45ca-a119-0dbbf7d585c0 · outbound

This paper cites Fine-tuning language models with just forward passes.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Fine-tuning language models with just forward passes

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation ecbfbafc-18c0-4c9a-b0a6-a714d1b41c35 · outbound

This paper cites Quantizing for minimum distortion.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Quantizing for minimum distortion

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 5730d76e-5a39-4a69-9f6c-78f49350b1d6 · outbound

This paper cites Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 93746005-a7cf-4b2b-988a-c35dae172d84 · outbound

This paper cites Zero: Memory optimizations toward training trillion parameter models.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Zero: Memory optimizations toward training trillion parameter models

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 97d9e0c7-af1c-4dca-bdac-53ace300bc35 · outbound

This paper cites On the Convergence of Adam and Beyond.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer On the Convergence of Adam and Beyond

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation dc38fdc9-6abc-4449-80eb-fd26e2a18c28 · outbound

This paper cites Adafactor: Adaptive learning rates with sublinear memory cost.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Adafactor: Adaptive learning rates with sublinear memory cost

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation f7590544-3a80-4563-ab13-4e103d6206be · outbound

This paper cites Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 45cc02dd-fccb-4bc6-b562-1ef0e63187ae · outbound

This paper cites Multivariate stochastic approximation using a simultaneous perturbation gradient approximation.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Multivariate stochastic approximation using a simultaneous perturbation gradient approximation

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 13eb5fb5-9d7c-4189-986c-97ba772a70f4 · outbound

This paper cites 1-bit adam: Communication efficient large-scale training with adam’s convergence speed.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer 1-bit adam: Communication efficient large-scale training with adam’s convergence speed

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation a0def7a2-7aca-4364-909d-8f88fe67ca3f · outbound

This paper cites Lecture 6.5--- RMSProp : Divide the gradient by a running average of its recent magnitude.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Lecture 6.5--- RMSProp : Divide the gradient by a running average of its recent magnitude

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 6f360add-e4f1-4494-9d19-7baad823e969 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 5da9ef35-bc49-46a8-be24-38904db5e7ca · outbound

This paper cites Adam-mini: Use fewer learning rates to gain more.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Adam-mini: Use fewer learning rates to gain more

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 12e0b49c-c5d1-4adf-b3c4-8ec2f3132834 · outbound

This paper cites PyTorch FSDP: Experiences on Scaling Fully Sharded Data Parallel.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer PyTorch FSDP: Experiences on Scaling Fully Sharded Data Parallel

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation fc6b2427-7f56-471d-a466-d846900c002f · outbound

This paper cites APOLLO: SGD-like Memory, AdamW-level Performance.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer APOLLO: SGD-like Memory, AdamW-level Performance

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 34ebc49d-2bf2-4fb1-9bff-3ff7bc54e8b8 · outbound

This paper cites @esa (Ref.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer @esa (Ref

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Observation 21d9ae32-dc5c-42b5-919a-7e4239de7ae7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

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Observation 155e95a1-6711-4e44-9138-24f0b0db2745 · outbound

This paper cites attn" and.

Gefen: Optimized Stochastic Optimizer attn" and

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T18:00:57.430970Z

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Pith citing papers

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