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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 53 of 53 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2607.16197.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2607.16197 v1

Coverage vector

measured 53 of 53 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

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measured 53 of 53 standing notices

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measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

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measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

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Reference resolution

53 of 53 outbound references displayed

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Outbound references

Observation 078e8d3d-0409-43b4-ac9f-991b4eddae03 · outbound

This paper cites The role of ai in emergency department triage: An integrative systematic review.Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 89:104058,.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes The role of ai in emergency department triage: An integrative systematic review.Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 89:104058,

Reference 1

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Observation effb83f9-20a9-42b8-aa23-b33c14559d56 · outbound

This paper cites Andrew Taylor, Chris Chmura, Jeremiah Hinson, Benjamin Steinhart, Rohit Sangal, Ar- jun K.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Andrew Taylor, Chris Chmura, Jeremiah Hinson, Benjamin Steinhart, Rohit Sangal, Ar- jun K

Reference 2

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This paper cites Origbo, Ayokunle Osonuga, Eghosasere Egbon, and David B.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Origbo, Ayokunle Osonuga, Eghosasere Egbon, and David B

Reference 3

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Observation 5e045898-afba-4ab3-bdd3-cbdde8a620ce · outbound

This paper cites High-performance medicine: the convergence of human and artificial intelligence.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes High-performance medicine: the convergence of human and artificial intelligence

Reference 4

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This paper cites doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.105838.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.105838

Reference 5

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Observation 9f112254-f96f-445c-93c0-f4631933a5d9 · outbound

This paper cites Explainable artificial intelligence for crypto asset allocation.Finance Research Letters, 47:102941, 2022.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Explainable artificial intelligence for crypto asset allocation.Finance Research Letters, 47:102941, 2022

Reference 6

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Observation 0edf5cc8-1b80-49c4-9dbe-01f7332032b0 · outbound

This paper cites Artificial intelligence, dynamic capabilities, and cor- porate financial asset allocation.International Review of Financial Analysis, 96:103773,.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Artificial intelligence, dynamic capabilities, and cor- porate financial asset allocation.International Review of Financial Analysis, 96:103773,

Reference 7

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Observation 8955dfe0-9823-4923-aaa2-c9a8669d63c5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

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Observation 2cd2567f-7603-45d6-b910-9d25992965f2 · outbound

This paper cites On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models

Reference 9

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This paper cites Causal artificial intel- ligence for high-stakes decisions: The design and development of a causal machine learning model.IEEE Access, 10:24327–24339, 2022.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Causal artificial intel- ligence for high-stakes decisions: The design and development of a causal machine learning model.IEEE Access, 10:24327–24339, 2022

Reference 10

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Observation 1b18425f-106b-41a2-bc2f-bff8630fbb1d · outbound

This paper cites A domain-specific risk-attitude scale: Measuring risk perceptions and risk behaviors.Journal of behavioral decision making, 15(4): 263–290, 2002.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes A domain-specific risk-attitude scale: Measuring risk perceptions and risk behaviors.Journal of behavioral decision making, 15(4): 263–290, 2002

Reference 11

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Observation 9629c480-49e3-4214-adf3-a63487129abb · outbound

This paper cites Risk attitude and preference.Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Sci- ence, 1(1):79–88, 2010.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Risk attitude and preference.Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Sci- ence, 1(1):79–88, 2010

Reference 12

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Observation ee3c5fd0-f46c-47a3-95d9-34b342dd6372 · outbound

This paper cites Individual risk attitudes: Measurement, determinants, and behavioral consequences.Jour- nal of the European Economic Association, 9(3):522–550, 2011.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Individual risk attitudes: Measurement, determinants, and behavioral consequences.Jour- nal of the European Economic Association, 9(3):522–550, 2011

Reference 13

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Observation f0bb55f2-01ba-4d42-bce6-4a179286d76d · outbound

This paper cites Rout- ledge, 2017.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Rout- ledge, 2017

Reference 14

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Observation edcd76cb-909b-4bf2-ab68-dc89026beee1 · outbound

This paper cites Genetic variation in preferences for giving and risk taking.Quarterly Journal of Economics, 124(2):809–842, 2009.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Genetic variation in preferences for giving and risk taking.Quarterly Journal of Economics, 124(2):809–842, 2009

Reference 15

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Observation 71ec672b-7df7-44a5-9fdf-6e78a1f714f5 · outbound

This paper cites Assessing the construct validity of risk attitude.Manage- ment Science, 46(10):1337–1348, 2000.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Assessing the construct validity of risk attitude.Manage- ment Science, 46(10):1337–1348, 2000

Reference 16

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Observation bb0cbed3-17b1-4c3b-b1fd-53a4accaf412 · outbound

This paper cites Decisions from experience and the effect of rare events in risky choice.Psychological Science, 15(8):534–539, 2004.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Decisions from experience and the effect of rare events in risky choice.Psychological Science, 15(8):534–539, 2004

Reference 17

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Observation a1a6d902-6c29-407f-9b71-37c3f4114f8f · outbound

This paper cites Reasoningthefastandfrugalway: Modelsofbounded rationality.Psychological Review, 103(4):650–669, 1996.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Reasoningthefastandfrugalway: Modelsofbounded rationality.Psychological Review, 103(4):650–669, 1996

Reference 18

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Observation d5130f67-47f6-46d8-b986-741aea3a65c3 · outbound

This paper cites Who takes risks when and why? Determinants of risk taking.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Who takes risks when and why? Determinants of risk taking

Reference 19

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Observation 4ea69e90-c13f-478a-bd9f-1bacda65a0e0 · outbound

This paper cites Emergent abilities of large language models.Transactions on Machine Learning Research, 2022.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Emergent abilities of large language models.Transactions on Machine Learning Research, 2022

Reference 20

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This paper cites Probing the psychology of ai models.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(10):e2300963120, 2023.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Probing the psychology of ai models.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(10):e2300963120, 2023

Reference 21

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Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Risk as feelings

Reference 22

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This paper cites Kernels of selfhood: Gpt-4o shows humanlike patterns of cognitive dissonance moderated by free choice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(20):e2501823122, 2025.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Kernels of selfhood: Gpt-4o shows humanlike patterns of cognitive dissonance moderated by free choice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(20):e2501823122, 2025

Reference 23

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Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Machine Psychology

Reference 24

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This paper cites Using cognitive psychology to understand GPT-3.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(6):e2218523120, 2023.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Using cognitive psychology to understand GPT-3.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(6):e2218523120, 2023

Reference 25

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Observation 1ed66ed0-4484-4729-9bf9-d8ef1b827b7f · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code

Reference 26

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Observation e07f4c67-6277-4b6f-8003-07f2faccd575 · outbound

This paper cites Artificial intelligence, values, and alignment.Minds and machines, 30(3):411– 437, 2020.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Artificial intelligence, values, and alignment.Minds and machines, 30(3):411– 437, 2020

Reference 27

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Observation d4de6f1e-6f4b-4215-a52f-2e997d4a43b1 · outbound

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Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding

Reference 28

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Observation d674b848-e236-4376-9736-80022d2f1cdd · outbound

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Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Alan Heckert, James J

Reference 29

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This paper cites Regression models for ordinal data.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 42(2):109–127, 1980.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Regression models for ordinal data.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 42(2):109–127, 1980

Reference 30

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Observation 371c105b-267e-48dc-a675-2bc5f3b94a2b · outbound

This paper cites Concrete Problems in AI Safety.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Concrete Problems in AI Safety

Reference 31

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This paper cites Influence of safety climate on risk tolerance and risk-taking behavior: A cross-cultural examination.Safety Science, 146:105559, 2022.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Influence of safety climate on risk tolerance and risk-taking behavior: A cross-cultural examination.Safety Science, 146:105559, 2022

Reference 32

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Observation cb6c76a6-1ba1-4b76-9e06-2641e99f13e1 · outbound

This paper cites Safety risk tolerance in the construction industry: Cross-cultural analysis.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 146 (4):04020022, 2020.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Safety risk tolerance in the construction industry: Cross-cultural analysis.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 146 (4):04020022, 2020

Reference 33

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This paper cites Personal characteristics and risk tolerance in a natural experiment.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Personal characteristics and risk tolerance in a natural experiment

Reference 34

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Observation 7118ca13-285a-4766-8faa-2445754533c3 · outbound

This paper cites Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences

Reference 35

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This paper cites Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback.Advances in neural information processing systems, 35:27730–27744, 2022.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback.Advances in neural information processing systems, 35:27730–27744, 2022

Reference 36

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.640735Z digest=sha256:163bb61b61abcad72dcc118ab2a48125390484121d96e63c4879ef99fe858d11

Observation 3088f906-767f-4709-8ede-fdd1d82b571f · outbound

This paper cites Risks and rewards in adolescent decision-making.Current opinion in psychology, 48:101457, 2022.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Risks and rewards in adolescent decision-making.Current opinion in psychology, 48:101457, 2022

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.635877Z digest=sha256:876d9052666ab2670a559691a711c7f181d15ec42d0f862c04a3d26390431a36

Observation bb4a99ad-863d-4e8a-9762-9627d010dbc8 · outbound

This paper cites Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk

Reference 38

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.645676Z digest=sha256:151a15de719e39de4d632b450c3e72e9d440e9e539a1e085f0b88e60e447e553

Observation ffa48d1a-2a38-4875-a0fc-94f9d398f8c9 · outbound

This paper cites Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty.Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 5(4):297–323, 1992.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty.Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 5(4):297–323, 1992

Reference 39

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.648347Z digest=sha256:f7c2ce3c2a6f978ce48d171c917de522d93f6455ba4c39759bbfb7ccd10ce870

Observation 14f5d5e7-4b11-412b-b4f7-ffe39571a909 · outbound

This paper cites Perceptionofrisk.Science, 236(4799):280–285, 1987.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Perceptionofrisk.Science, 236(4799):280–285, 1987

Reference 40

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.643152Z digest=sha256:68010cb28766deac14c2107a6350201f4c9be07dad613e191b4fd06e0a51a333

Observation d07e5098-5f4f-4693-9238-963442ea586c · outbound

This paper cites Take caution in using llms as human surrogates.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(24):e2501660122, 2025.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Take caution in using llms as human surrogates.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(24):e2501660122, 2025

Reference 41

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.653145Z digest=sha256:b92070870e94bf2772caba786d474020864592e0fddaf7948444ecdc201af742

Observation 19bd57d2-6f60-4a3c-a180-439ad95abd7c · outbound

This paper cites Whose opinions do language models reflect? InProceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 29971–30004.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Whose opinions do language models reflect? InProceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 29971–30004

Reference 42

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.655772Z digest=sha256:97535b9d46f6d7fba4dc7eaa0c5866e768998e10d9f249b0d143e9e869bf3677

Observation f92c8599-0556-4c5d-bd43-ba017644d3b1 · outbound

This paper cites Large language models show amplified cognitive biases in moral decision-making.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(25):e2412015122, 2025.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Large language models show amplified cognitive biases in moral decision-making.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(25):e2412015122, 2025

Reference 43

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.650765Z digest=sha256:04cdf4d9355c8d367222c203d1dec1558d936e870af99662dc2d49e26a1183a3

Observation ee0985a4-c331-49a9-ab31-e1b47592e248 · outbound

This paper cites Grok 4 model card.https://data.x.ai/2025-08-20-grok-4-model-card.pdf, 2025.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Grok 4 model card.https://data.x.ai/2025-08-20-grok-4-model-card.pdf, 2025

Reference 44

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.660672Z digest=sha256:f911e57afbb65b05044da86e453367db26f4904606bba8f1271b479c81d5beef

Observation 4a85db22-e86a-445b-8970-bfa2ba714b22 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen3 Technical Report.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Qwen3 Technical Report

Reference 45

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.662917Z digest=sha256:193e99299d0ed5f65b419670972764f64687138b3b56bbce2e2e974a526139b7

Observation c42c3bd8-8332-4c5f-95cd-9b89e08c6084 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-5.2 system card.https://cdn.openai.com/pdf/ 3a4153c8-c748-4b71-8e31-aecbde944f8d/oai_5_2_system-card.pdf, 2025.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes GPT-5.2 system card.https://cdn.openai.com/pdf/ 3a4153c8-c748-4b71-8e31-aecbde944f8d/oai_5_2_system-card.pdf, 2025

Reference 46

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.658262Z digest=sha256:ee8ca819d91cfc54ad2a9c59401b3555d14426eb258fa234ece1c90b81c29021

Observation 97b123d9-f97a-4986-bebc-4e5d4a183df6 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 3 pro frontier safety framework report.https://storage.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Gemini 3 pro frontier safety framework report.https://storage

Reference 47

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.667762Z digest=sha256:3e06c6e2ea26cf70f7108eb8f5b133bd68951fcff179210126742cf41a7d6ab6

Observation fc707d1a-e1fd-418b-8e65-e010c41072d2 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report

Reference 48

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.670048Z digest=sha256:14800d4596c65e7873b62a80ecac9bd6bb37b4ed3e32de2a57eeb1cb9261395a

Observation 099a8104-e195-4478-9fbe-f9743d3beb39 · outbound

This paper cites System card: Claude Sonnet 4.5.https://www.anthropic.com/ claude-sonnet-4-5-system-card, 2025.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes System card: Claude Sonnet 4.5.https://www.anthropic.com/ claude-sonnet-4-5-system-card, 2025

Reference 49

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.665578Z digest=sha256:0151904479ce147edf25422e741b6f7c6069f89b0618f2d8f00589c1c76d2f84

Observation 4375ec0d-ec7e-4c7b-b169-cb9bcbb1df7e · outbound

This paper cites Ordinal regression models made easy: A tutorial on parameter interpretation, data simulation and power analysis.International Journal of Psychology, 59(6):1263–1292, 2024.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Ordinal regression models made easy: A tutorial on parameter interpretation, data simulation and power analysis.International Journal of Psychology, 59(6):1263–1292, 2024

Reference 50

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.675211Z digest=sha256:da271862d56cbc8f213c9d30eae07cccf2189d68e5b61e70a959c85e6797a88b

Observation 8c61d68a-697e-4946-9458-c3bbbaa51c2f · outbound

This paper cites Wang, and Robert Krovetz.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes Wang, and Robert Krovetz

Reference 52

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.672719Z digest=sha256:12db6ac6119b9be526372d78427e934320370eeddfd97b3a1e8d109bd8ed76e6

Observation 14832b3d-f7f6-40fa-8707-c1c36fbe255e · outbound

This paper cites doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103773.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103773

Reference 2024

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.557042Z digest=sha256:c682e825e54669a1534c6d1569b1f36124b43eedcbc36c72127f59f3bd957a62

Observation 16f0bec4-fd10-43b2-ad1e-a76b6aea4298 · outbound

This paper cites doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2025.104058.

Some Large Language Models Exhibit Consistent Risk Attitudes doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2025.104058

Reference 2025

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T15:37:56.540300Z digest=sha256:301c6f1f624f057163d2d76fe26550f9780b8012fde7f8821e42bbccdcb29dc3

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.