Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 40 of 40 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2502.08909.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2502.08909 v1

Coverage vector

measured 40 of 40 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.194473Z

measured 41 of 41 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-08T10:48:24.720596Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

40 of 40 outbound references displayed

verified exact6
verified fuzzy8
unresolved24
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier2
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

1
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 02784c87-0dec-4e46-b6a0-5bece84d2429 · outbound

This paper cites Lewandowsky, J.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Lewandowsky, J

Reference 1

Resolution: malformed identifier; doi_truncated, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.333777Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d4f71289-0cb6-4534-97dd-4fb7129fb1b8 · outbound

This paper cites Vlachos, S.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Vlachos, S

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.393895Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation afa95bf2-1063-4ee6-9225-f6c03e064b65 · outbound

This paper cites Hassan, F.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Hassan, F

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:32.024272Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 99f7713f-7c05-4937-84c2-12057e9de3b3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.406694Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eacda2e5-26e5-461c-b48b-ac2a2f65b864 · outbound

This paper cites Nyhan, Facts and Myths about Misperceptions, Journal of Economic Perspectives 34 (2020) 220–236.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Nyhan, Facts and Myths about Misperceptions, Journal of Economic Perspectives 34 (2020) 220–236

Reference 5

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.313027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation a0a12344-383e-49c5-a884-629edbf1a4fc · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Fake News: Fundamental Theories, Detection Methods, and Opportunities.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs A Survey of Fake News: Fundamental Theories, Detection Methods, and Opportunities

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.413892Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a193802a-d054-4888-b55c-fb50f913783c · outbound

This paper cites Graves, Understanding the promise and limits of automated fact-checking, 2018.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Graves, Understanding the promise and limits of automated fact-checking, 2018

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.886027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 2b711897-7390-4aa4-ae16-1c94d2b16267 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.303431Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 0507a8ba-fc04-4b9b-b740-bd0d118d81a4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id_nonexistent, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.368592Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation a858ac33-b081-4e98-8809-fd560ebee9b2 · outbound

This paper cites Attention Is All You Need.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Attention Is All You Need

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.429659Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e07e9b19-6f38-46c5-a1f2-d42d884faba9 · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.432995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d6e7f125-b24c-4771-bb61-a8843f113e76 · outbound

This paper cites Radford, K.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Radford, K

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.853398Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 04c97565-fd9e-4563-92fe-0808a8aa8e93 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Small Language Models.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs A Survey of Small Language Models

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.440062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 606d7034-5ee2-4606-986b-29e2f892a943 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.444072Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 291edded-2a50-4b23-8cf5-25bfe3e9384b · outbound

This paper cites Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.467419Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a7fd2e46-0689-4f4c-8279-3fcbe5575482 · outbound

This paper cites Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Model.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Model

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.537861Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e64303c0-b928-48d2-b9ac-83933cd9bed3 · outbound

This paper cites The Prompt Report: A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering Techniques.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs The Prompt Report: A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering Techniques

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.606499Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 61edb0af-7a0a-4100-bdc3-3eac299d067a · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.732090Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2de566cf-cf24-47e7-90af-8030728dc3e4 · outbound

This paper cites Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.774110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bf12e54a-b14b-4c25-a974-5444be111f32 · outbound

This paper cites Ferreira, A.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Ferreira, A

Reference 20

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.779414Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f11997c2-b8e4-4fe1-bc36-c45b3e07f469 · outbound

This paper cites Augenstein, C.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Augenstein, C

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.844605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 48d904e9-b58b-40ce-ba39-6b81815ae890 · outbound

This paper cites Kotonya, F.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Kotonya, F

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.835739Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d1bf36d4-c6ee-4c3d-b26b-9a9b14929d71 · outbound

This paper cites Russo, S.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Russo, S

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.826770Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 7ce796e3-df31-47cb-a6c0-b6794368b294 · outbound

This paper cites Maynez, S.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Maynez, S

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.796353Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 474fccb5-27a1-48f8-bbc7-33097c33d9c3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.818280Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 40e3257e-f9e0-4de7-acf7-9f605aabeaed · outbound

This paper cites Automated Justification Production for Claim Veracity in Fact Checking: A Survey on Architectures and Approaches.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Automated Justification Production for Claim Veracity in Fact Checking: A Survey on Architectures and Approaches

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.803341Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6dbf000b-4bae-49a4-bc52-b6918434a128 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.808291Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation f0f0c103-f744-43cd-bd0e-adaa16f39bbe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.810640Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bb1ec14b-02c0-40d0-8f8b-bfc822c61b06 · outbound

This paper cites Liar, Liar Pants on Fire.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Liar, Liar Pants on Fire

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.814830Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ab348010-a266-4269-9270-be88e39f00b5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id_nonexistent, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.997090Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 58d1b03d-0e0b-4bef-92dd-255ed36767a5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.798553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 511a7770-1d98-460c-875a-95c58e66d268 · outbound

This paper cites Towards a Framework for Evaluating Explanations in Automated Fact Verification.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Towards a Framework for Evaluating Explanations in Automated Fact Verification

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:29.826665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aea3d81e-6fac-43b3-b351-831b4550e584 · outbound

This paper cites Zhang, K.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Zhang, K

Reference 33

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id_nonexistent, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.706383Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation dacd8c29-f271-4712-b98c-d58e4fb73981 · outbound

This paper cites Atanasova, J.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Atanasova, J

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.788053Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 17bd051c-443e-4aa2-bbac-ac207432b863 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.777219Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation e49a647e-4c34-48b2-bcd1-31d28ecd537d · outbound

This paper cites A Richly Annotated Corpus for Different Tasks in Automated Fact-Checking.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs A Richly Annotated Corpus for Different Tasks in Automated Fact-Checking

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.005608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f55c274c-839c-4461-8a97-1e21d650cb7d · outbound

This paper cites AVeriTeC: A Dataset for Real-world Claim Verification with Evidence from the Web.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs AVeriTeC: A Dataset for Real-world Claim Verification with Evidence from the Web

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.159698Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4a955a94-70c1-4af2-ab74-2db71746f459 · outbound

This paper cites Jiang, Y.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Jiang, Y

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.677743Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 9e424068-49cf-40f8-8a5d-f6b7173f5b70 · outbound

This paper cites Smarter, Better, Faster, Longer: A Modern Bidirectional Encoder for Fast, Memory Efficient, and Long Context Finetuning and Inference.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Smarter, Better, Faster, Longer: A Modern Bidirectional Encoder for Fast, Memory Efficient, and Long Context Finetuning and Inference

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:30.194473Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6d514b30-ac4c-4617-9202-0f023f234561 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 1812

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id_nonexistent, observed 2026-08-07T23:18:31.587546Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 5edcf587-04f3-4cb9-a265-803b9ce398f7 · inbound

From Articles to Premises: Building PrimeFacts, an Extraction Methodology and Resource for Fact-Checking Evidence cites this paper.

From Articles to Premises: Building PrimeFacts, an Extraction Methodology and Resource for Fact-Checking Evidence Towards Automated Fact-Checking of Real-World Claims: Exploring Task Formulation and Assessment with LLMs

Reference 32

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-08T21:54:18.446681Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.