Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 36 of 36 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.05050.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2608.05050 v1

Coverage vector

measured 36 of 36 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:12.263221Z

measured 36 of 36 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

36 of 36 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy23
unresolved12
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation c16b46ea-3b04-4955-969c-9d638bb732ce · outbound

This paper cites American journal of epidemiology , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations American journal of epidemiology , volume=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:07.522314Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f770a844-f39a-4c3c-ba19-58a0fb558a7c · outbound

This paper cites CaM-Gen:Causally-aware Metric-guided Text Generation.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations CaM-Gen:Causally-aware Metric-guided Text Generation

Reference 2

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:12.515887Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 73e84a67-8dcc-4562-b358-d6196fa74c88 · outbound

This paper cites Multivariate behavioral research , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Multivariate behavioral research , volume=

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:07.740945Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fa31e560-6a22-4545-b2f6-42fba4a5529d · outbound

This paper cites What police chiefs and sheriffs need to know about collecting and analyzing use-of-force data , booktitle=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations What police chiefs and sheriffs need to know about collecting and analyzing use-of-force data , booktitle=

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:17.966451Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 1b609aed-2125-4d42-972e-7322027c036c · outbound

This paper cites Annual Review of Criminology , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Annual Review of Criminology , volume=

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:17.807807Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 9a887742-689e-47de-8ca6-8bff9802a42d · outbound

This paper cites 2007 , publisher=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations 2007 , publisher=

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:08.122009Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4918af8d-6971-426b-9a2c-8e3e7206697d · outbound

This paper cites Understanding.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Understanding

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:08.272318Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 172c7a91-aa1e-4e2a-97eb-2f18613c71c2 · outbound

This paper cites ACM computing surveys (CSUR) , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations ACM computing surveys (CSUR) , volume=

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:17.533887Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 6f466bef-6d67-4172-8457-09862c46c282 · outbound

This paper cites The Annals of Family Medicine , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations The Annals of Family Medicine , volume=

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:17.315408Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d62b1c3c-9bd6-4f42-879d-7444999a3c03 · outbound

This paper cites Multi-LogiEval: Towards Evaluating Multi-Step Logical Reasoning Ability of Large Language Models.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Multi-LogiEval: Towards Evaluating Multi-Step Logical Reasoning Ability of Large Language Models

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:08.625645Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ac699a1a-17dc-4742-a3d6-1b76e76acefc · outbound

This paper cites R package version , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations R package version , volume=

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:17.162378Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d7143588-e114-4d6e-a02b-d2bc80e6be7b · outbound

This paper cites Journal of statistical software , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Journal of statistical software , volume=

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:17.004569Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 2761ceaf-ab86-41be-b9d5-9e66b1575b27 · outbound

This paper cites Proceedings of the national Academy of sciences , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Proceedings of the national Academy of sciences , volume=

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:16.884575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 50ca5f84-b054-4190-b7c4-06dd5abb3ac5 · outbound

This paper cites , title =.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations , title =

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:16.782543Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 97c8fbcf-e145-4e54-ba1a-d7a0aa3c5786 · outbound

This paper cites Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs , institution =.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs , institution =

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:16.630310Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation c72496cd-7133-422f-aa83-b86feb042678 · outbound

This paper cites Motz and Jennifer Cherkauskas , institution =.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Motz and Jennifer Cherkauskas , institution =

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:16.495843Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 07be23f5-b096-4a94-8282-26f0b584c03e · outbound

This paper cites Policing: An International Journal , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Policing: An International Journal , volume=

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:16.243775Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 732a77e5-9682-4c12-a6a6-557f96e0cbce · outbound

This paper cites The pitfalls of next-token prediction.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations The pitfalls of next-token prediction

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:09.807924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 383bca92-2449-4a83-a083-8a26b7178f97 · outbound

This paper cites Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences , volume=

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:16.016799Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 7e2018a4-e057-47ca-8f3f-db51c265c339 · outbound

This paper cites Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , volume=

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:15.685775Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d27c2a89-d4fd-4f5c-89a5-9f80f815981f · outbound

This paper cites Clinical Simulation in Nursing , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Clinical Simulation in Nursing , volume=

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:15.386146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation a4771e1b-d764-4224-88a7-d53951559970 · outbound

This paper cites 2000 , publisher=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations 2000 , publisher=

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:10.364980Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 30d402fd-744c-4eda-8d18-41fee9ca8fba · outbound

This paper cites The Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations , year=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations The Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations , year=

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:15.052828Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation e4d51562-8b95-427a-a31e-b81c062d6cc2 · outbound

This paper cites TRACT: Regression-Aware Fine-tuning Meets Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for LLM-as-a-Judge.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations TRACT: Regression-Aware Fine-tuning Meets Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for LLM-as-a-Judge

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:10.693345Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 881d64ec-75a1-42ab-8b5a-7b40faf94a6c · outbound

This paper cites World Journal of Gastroenterology , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations World Journal of Gastroenterology , volume=

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:14.711673Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 3b6307de-58f8-481a-ad1c-61dc306e75ca · outbound

This paper cites International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction , pages=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction , pages=

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:14.374138Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation daba3fef-052b-40d4-8187-0e8eae680a77 · outbound

This paper cites Group Processes & Intergroup Relations , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Group Processes & Intergroup Relations , volume=

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:14.118892Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 48a2ff9f-e5cb-4ef6-8a03-d5cd7275472c · outbound

This paper cites Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery , volume=

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:13.840350Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation aa989ead-a36d-468a-a4a1-7fcf7854e538 · outbound

This paper cites The Leadership Quarterly , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations The Leadership Quarterly , volume=

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:13.606159Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 4179edfc-8659-441e-8357-04d5c9501741 · outbound

This paper cites British Journal of Occupational Therapy , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations British Journal of Occupational Therapy , volume=

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:13.304367Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 128a9936-46e4-47cf-a6da-b163b40bc193 · outbound

This paper cites Biometrika , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Biometrika , volume=

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:11.568182Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fad5a57c-853a-43e6-bf88-be2d0de67fc0 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:11.734982Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4ccdcc11-100d-4892-b464-24388be9c67f · outbound

This paper cites RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:11.878566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 56979f9b-0ead-4409-8bc9-9a91567ab892 · outbound

This paper cites Statistics in medicine , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Statistics in medicine , volume=

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:12.993522Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 247ff448-877e-49ee-939d-115b28333b19 · outbound

This paper cites Multivariate Behavioral Research , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Multivariate Behavioral Research , volume=

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:12.732348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 20ed7cca-4db8-413c-86ca-aa2f613fc615 · outbound

This paper cites Advances in neural information processing systems , volume=.

The Effect of Perceived Race and Gender on Police Language Use: Experimental Evidence from VR Simulations Advances in neural information processing systems , volume=

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:34:12.263221Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.