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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning

As of 24 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 68 of 68 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2411.15215.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.15215 v1

Coverage vector

measured 68 of 68 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.584766Z

measured 69 of 69 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-01T10:59:18.988161Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

68 of 68 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact2
  • verified fuzzy61
  • unresolved5
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation c5b6073e-03af-4795-a597-fc0d3d46b7d4 · outbound

This paper cites Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for treatment of COVID-19.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for treatment of COVID-19

Reference 1

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Observation 58a09d14-abbb-4965-8d06-f4f09ee9c70d · outbound

This paper cites SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Its Variants Can Induce Platelet Activa- tion and Clearance: Implications for Antibody Therapy and Vaccinations against COVID-19.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Its Variants Can Induce Platelet Activa- tion and Clearance: Implications for Antibody Therapy and Vaccinations against COVID-19

Reference 2

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation d8e0a5a5-a300-427d-916d-4af79083b484 · outbound

This paper cites Anti-TNFR2 Antibody-Conjugated PLGA Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery of Adriamycin in Mouse Colon Cancer.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Anti-TNFR2 Antibody-Conjugated PLGA Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery of Adriamycin in Mouse Colon Cancer

Reference 3

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 9dc7a23a-dfb6-4d9c-a885-a60be23b12c0 · outbound

This paper cites FDA approves 100th monoclonal antibody product.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning FDA approves 100th monoclonal antibody product

Reference 4

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 34daf721-db78-44d6-b362-67b87dcd613d · outbound

This paper cites Generative language modeling for antibody design.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Generative language modeling for antibody design

Reference 5

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 9bebb36b-60af-4264-ad4c-aea89d9423e6 · outbound

This paper cites De novo generation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody CDRH3 with a pre-trained generative large language model.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning De novo generation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody CDRH3 with a pre-trained generative large language model

Reference 6

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation cf87ee0a-f733-4c77-8b7c-25aa59582c7d · outbound

This paper cites Toward Unified AI Drug Discovery with Multimodal Knowledge.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Toward Unified AI Drug Discovery with Multimodal Knowledge

Reference 7

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 28efa657-4e3a-4b6e-a7db-d38d9565d508 · outbound

This paper cites Accurate prediction of antibody function and structure using bio-inspired antibody language model.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Accurate prediction of antibody function and structure using bio-inspired antibody language model

Reference 8

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 0a14a786-899d-4ba3-83f9-c510e452a1ed · outbound

This paper cites Sequence modeling and design from molecular to genome scale with Evo.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Sequence modeling and design from molecular to genome scale with Evo

Reference 9

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation af586c19-f0d7-4d06-a3f7-430ef7b0a071 · outbound

This paper cites A Transformer-Based Ensemble Framework for the Prediction of Protein-Protein Interaction Sites.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning A Transformer-Based Ensemble Framework for the Prediction of Protein-Protein Interaction Sites

Reference 10

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 8fc4ffc2-aead-4bde-95aa-78ae04112c27 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSecE: A Deep-Learning-Based Framework for Multiclass Prediction of Secreted Proteins in Gram-Negative Bacteria.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning DeepSecE: A Deep-Learning-Based Framework for Multiclass Prediction of Secreted Proteins in Gram-Negative Bacteria

Reference 11

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 85fdf4b2-fd3e-4dd4-868f-c33eb67c23db · outbound

This paper cites Inferring the Effects of Protein Variants on Protein-Protein Interactions with Interpretable Transformer Representations.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Inferring the Effects of Protein Variants on Protein-Protein Interactions with Interpretable Transformer Representations

Reference 12

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 2c73a124-f92b-439e-97b3-ec94c5d8e60e · outbound

This paper cites Deciphering the language of antibodies using self-supervised learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Deciphering the language of antibodies using self-supervised learning

Reference 13

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verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 327c136c-f6c4-4510-8149-0ae4c571db79 · outbound

This paper cites Deciphering antibody affinity maturation with language models and weakly supervised learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Deciphering antibody affinity maturation with language models and weakly supervised learning

Reference 14

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation de9183f7-cbd1-4483-a825-21da88cd0843 · outbound

This paper cites AbLang: an antibody language model for completing antibody sequences.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning AbLang: an antibody language model for completing antibody sequences

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 3b5c513c-d303-45b7-9a51-c20c0e8246bb · outbound

This paper cites On Pre-trained Language Models for Antibody.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning On Pre-trained Language Models for Antibody

Reference 16

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 158ce55a-837a-41b0-9f73-dea28a775e72 · outbound

This paper cites UniRef clusters: a comprehensive and scalable alternative for improving sequence similarity searches.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning UniRef clusters: a comprehensive and scalable alternative for improving sequence similarity searches

Reference 17

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 3cdee592-4258-4b07-9569-2c1e9f87f6e5 · outbound

This paper cites The protein data bank.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning The protein data bank

Reference 18

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation c4945a64-4250-4e35-ae56-a4048cdb596d · outbound

This paper cites AlphaFold Protein Structure Database: massively expanding the structural coverage of protein-sequence space with high-accuracy models.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning AlphaFold Protein Structure Database: massively expanding the structural coverage of protein-sequence space with high-accuracy models

Reference 19

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 44041683-0ec1-4868-8ce0-a097b19b2fad · outbound

This paper cites ImmuneBuilder: Deep-Learning models for predicting the structures of immune proteins.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning ImmuneBuilder: Deep-Learning models for predicting the structures of immune proteins

Reference 20

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 12374e61-6ae2-4bf9-a87a-921779f90800 · outbound

This paper cites Fast, accurate antibody structure prediction from deep learning on massive set of natural antibodies.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Fast, accurate antibody structure prediction from deep learning on massive set of natural antibodies

Reference 21

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation df0e4064-3735-493a-bdb6-95fa1f67aeab · outbound

This paper cites Fast and accurate protein structure search with Foldseek.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Fast and accurate protein structure search with Foldseek

Reference 22

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 7062c010-43fa-42b9-83e1-ead71df9d6c9 · outbound

This paper cites Observed Antibody Space: A diverse database of cleaned, annotated, and translated unpaired and paired antibody sequences.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Observed Antibody Space: A diverse database of cleaned, annotated, and translated unpaired and paired antibody sequences

Reference 23

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 895493c6-6af9-4f6f-8d19-1816ea436a11 · outbound

This paper cites Clustering huge protein sequence sets in linear time.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Clustering huge protein sequence sets in linear time

Reference 24

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation a9f69864-83bf-4af1-95fb-468e7dfcf41e · outbound

This paper cites SAbDab: the structural antibody database.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning SAbDab: the structural antibody database

Reference 25

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation b5a0e3f5-68e9-4e22-9540-8ab2ac862bb8 · outbound

This paper cites Neural discrete representation learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Neural discrete representation learning

Reference 26

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 66cbf23a-c8fc-4fc0-8f13-8a891870213b · outbound

This paper cites SaProt: Protein Language Modeling with Structure-aware Vocabulary.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning SaProt: Protein Language Modeling with Structure-aware Vocabulary

Reference 27

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.199115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation ced21a7a-cd19-4511-82c4-8b9aca2fc536 · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 28

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.423516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 8471399e-e1c9-49bf-a237-538c304a37e4 · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary-scale prediction of atomic-level protein structure with a language model.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Evolutionary-scale prediction of atomic-level protein structure with a language model

Reference 29

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.185983Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation ea2f3b70-66b1-4dea-a422-48249dd84428 · outbound

This paper cites Visualizing data using t-SNE.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Visualizing data using t-SNE

Reference 30

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 0b95a05c-ebdb-43ac-97bd-0e499177920b · outbound

This paper cites Reprogramming pretrained language models for antibody sequence infilling.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Reprogramming pretrained language models for antibody sequence infilling

Reference 31

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation e5806f77-cc87-4d32-bad7-27e6fd06e360 · outbound

This paper cites In situ class switching and differentiation to IgA-producing cells in the gut lamina propria.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning In situ class switching and differentiation to IgA-producing cells in the gut lamina propria

Reference 32

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.146879Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation 26b4b441-e8b2-40a3-a566-365b2d88cae1 · outbound

This paper cites Optimization of therapeutic antibodies by pre- dicting antigen specificity from antibody sequence via deep learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Optimization of therapeutic antibodies by pre- dicting antigen specificity from antibody sequence via deep learning

Reference 33

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.132711Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.442406Z digest=sha256:920887606baad98bbbbccfc04a264f8544592d67696d2d1393917292347c2aab

Observation b69796b5-8349-4d12-b906-9a2e19a8ac9d · outbound

This paper cites Biological structure and function emerge from scaling unsu- pervised learning to 250 million protein sequences.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Biological structure and function emerge from scaling unsu- pervised learning to 250 million protein sequences

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.118822Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.446215Z digest=sha256:79db4bfc995029ac74d7ff320c6b3a9f10cf75f4d69fc82364e9214b28c71362

Observation 2163cc79-5f9b-43c3-acb8-124e35df2727 · outbound

This paper cites MSA Transformer.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning MSA Transformer

Reference 35

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.105941Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.450298Z digest=sha256:f0fa4d6aabbf0fbd9da23bb9e068c8948210d3d86c72fa436fbd7a0834f9d635

Observation c8d8e478-94dd-46ce-8870-9f7adc1340f4 · outbound

This paper cites Different B cell subpopulations show distinct patterns in their IgH repertoire metrics.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Different B cell subpopulations show distinct patterns in their IgH repertoire metrics

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.092922Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.454581Z digest=sha256:fe46ef7893b8b92e5dd05385488c3f2872f401a555c4b3ea214f49f8349175cd

Observation c01a791a-7edd-44f7-8d40-644d3e6ee392 · outbound

This paper cites Antibody regulation of B cell development.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Antibody regulation of B cell development

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.079907Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.458676Z digest=sha256:b8f0d1b9b0db4c0f8bc641270cbb1a4c54e0a7b337d713e33264a75934d7d1d6

Observation 1eeb4c96-f4a8-4f04-acc9-43a7afa2e69e · outbound

This paper cites Differences in the composition of the human antibody repertoire by b cell subsets in the blood.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Differences in the composition of the human antibody repertoire by b cell subsets in the blood

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.066810Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.463037Z digest=sha256:123919de0b2529ae63b41a122234b961e0a2b1875c8f98410847286076df71ee

Observation 55307e67-cb71-4787-b432-57463edcedd6 · outbound

This paper cites Analysis of the B cell receptor repertoire in six immune-mediated diseases.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Analysis of the B cell receptor repertoire in six immune-mediated diseases

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.053391Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.467004Z digest=sha256:de67173f4fa0938d98c286713603dc32c17f0b07b7cb37ca20bc9eddb03c9e55

Observation 8ade0c41-ed49-4d03-adee-ade3349762c0 · outbound

This paper cites Paratome: an online tool for systematic identification of antigen-binding regions in antibodies based on sequence or structure.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Paratome: an online tool for systematic identification of antigen-binding regions in antibodies based on sequence or structure

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.039814Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.471202Z digest=sha256:b12ead32600d5a600a9e2cf1ab895e38a09123cc8a6b535b2398b579d202cbe4

Observation 2023a3fc-06bf-424e-a856-16762702921c · outbound

This paper cites BioPhi: A platform for antibody design, humanization, and humanness evaluation based on natural antibody repertoires and deep learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning BioPhi: A platform for antibody design, humanization, and humanness evaluation based on natural antibody repertoires and deep learning

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.026493Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.474970Z digest=sha256:d067ee773f747f70bae0431af98a465f358008e6ddbf3fafd064249f6d1731e2

Observation bc58d096-ed2e-46e3-aadd-b931db1ac239 · outbound

This paper cites ProtTrans: Toward Understanding the Language of Life Through Self-Supervised Learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning ProtTrans: Toward Understanding the Language of Life Through Self-Supervised Learning

Reference 42

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.013356Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.479173Z digest=sha256:138ac2c112c298776799773151c3402fa39f3347d17350fdd73ded0b95355afa

Observation 988253ca-1209-4fcd-a8fc-bffc4ee0c578 · outbound

This paper cites Antibody complementarity determining region design using high-capacity machine learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Antibody complementarity determining region design using high-capacity machine learning

Reference 43

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:18.000205Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.483009Z digest=sha256:13a556e77f8cd32632073fb42384bf1fc029579321362182486d253a23fde9df

Observation 5a6cef48-17ff-4ef7-8c2c-81168e95e39d · outbound

This paper cites Learning the language of antibody hypervariability.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Learning the language of antibody hypervariability

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.987049Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.486648Z digest=sha256:8bf077cc3754f96dea804c90612ced717307928cbcd0d2c5497416c4e662cd81

Observation 029d06f1-1de7-4568-9cab-5cfcfd4d7d7f · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing antibody language models with structural infor- mation.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Enhancing antibody language models with structural infor- mation

Reference 45

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.973264Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.490089Z digest=sha256:a1033f312dbebb372d17760e0a636d8f7d35a564ac84141eecf51e574cf7255c

Observation a83b8d0d-1e52-4316-b529-3bb5e710b080 · outbound

This paper cites Antibody Representation Learning for Drug Discovery.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Antibody Representation Learning for Drug Discovery

Reference 46

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.687652Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.493548Z digest=sha256:71fce619016104ab4d51b91b71628cbe8805f9478bfb97d2ebf2e6f4d8eff143

Observation 5975d027-2fb4-432d-8a5a-e54398e72952 · outbound

This paper cites Large scale paired antibody language models.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Large scale paired antibody language models

Reference 47

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.666544Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.497945Z digest=sha256:812795bb753d29407d33b8e74beb4d84c43e847d522576de7466abf660df8fa3

Observation de6f49b5-e870-421d-a145-fa5e4cb50544 · outbound

This paper cites A dataset comprised of binding interactions for 104,972 antibodies against a SARS-CoV-2 peptide.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning A dataset comprised of binding interactions for 104,972 antibodies against a SARS-CoV-2 peptide

Reference 48

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.959671Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.502699Z digest=sha256:5c8c20afbecc07376288cce7650ec74aa6da2f870bddf65fd792005c2d975171

Observation a3a1f6d6-f6f1-45bc-aa10-bdc9db50a7c4 · outbound

This paper cites xTrimoPGLM: Unified 100B-Scale Pre-trained Transformer for Deciphering the Language of Protein.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning xTrimoPGLM: Unified 100B-Scale Pre-trained Transformer for Deciphering the Language of Protein

Reference 49

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.946316Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.506627Z digest=sha256:9a97b2ffda0c7e5fa0a95902aa80ebcae89f4b2e4a97264a1f2956240017107b

Observation 27af5fa8-d3e3-4d8e-9dd6-a7f840e175f2 · outbound

This paper cites Iterative Refinement Graph Neural Net- work for Antibody Sequence-Structure Co-design.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Iterative Refinement Graph Neural Net- work for Antibody Sequence-Structure Co-design

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.933214Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.510595Z digest=sha256:a8c7b01604bfe9a48df93d18ccc397ed4cca76e5559b1be9dda84b63a7fba457

Observation 4f1581ff-9f99-4f0e-b949-73729425e386 · outbound

This paper cites CoV-AbDab: the Coronavirus Antibody Database.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning CoV-AbDab: the Coronavirus Antibody Database

Reference 51

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.920175Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.515403Z digest=sha256:b34fa40f2aa92d1228d7d2064392b702e4477da30ac40ebeaa09a96a01595252

Observation 59b5c9ed-0106-423f-8599-f707883e6e53 · outbound

This paper cites Large language models generate functional protein sequences across diverse families.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Large language models generate functional protein sequences across diverse families

Reference 52

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.907301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.519937Z digest=sha256:fbe41af6a5b1dd1f8bf82257c2b79d54c8252a544e29c325a4fe835cac6eccd6

Observation 78da0cde-4b6d-4ef8-9a8e-39e5b1e66843 · outbound

This paper cites RosettaAntibodyDesign (RAbD): A general framework for computational antibody design.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning RosettaAntibodyDesign (RAbD): A general framework for computational antibody design

Reference 53

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.894251Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.523890Z digest=sha256:f48f6a3ba149f1ec6e917814aee15ad8fb3700a60d27f6b6fb4eb47b69fd5699

Observation cfd5384d-ed4a-4895-b596-c2b11deb1c00 · outbound

This paper cites ProGen2: Exploring the bound- aries of protein language models.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning ProGen2: Exploring the bound- aries of protein language models

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.881161Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.527831Z digest=sha256:e1335e9d679991b59c84ddcfa7349191ad57b05f2e0bbc34857bfc74cf2a50bf

Observation e1a87ea0-0779-4a0d-b865-4403b79bf95d · outbound

This paper cites Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3

Reference 55

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.868161Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.532483Z digest=sha256:443930a5de386c388ac71cfc268908bbeb565b391f8f5f0b8fa822eb556fee5e

Observation a2ed0c09-f546-4858-b0f1-3c41db4bd27d · outbound

This paper cites Multi-Modal CLIP-Informed Protein Editing.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Multi-Modal CLIP-Informed Protein Editing

Reference 56

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.536543Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.536543Z digest=sha256:900e64d35edd19bdd19922713d78e8ad0e3689809d41d635d208cc314738c23b

Observation be0746b5-775d-4184-b846-60e5d4cf500c · outbound

This paper cites Bridge-IF: Learning Inverse Protein Folding with Markov Bridges.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Bridge-IF: Learning Inverse Protein Folding with Markov Bridges

Reference 57

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.541482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.541482Z digest=sha256:03e1b5f083d3f419bfca6451bcfc3c458332650be79c9d9aafa9687a5d7aa388

Observation 80057388-2857-4d3c-aa0c-b66ad6a7823b · outbound

This paper cites Enzyme Commission Number Prediction and Benchmarking with Hierarchical Dual-core Multitask Learning Framework.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Enzyme Commission Number Prediction and Benchmarking with Hierarchical Dual-core Multitask Learning Framework

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.855060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.545411Z digest=sha256:92dee3042292e40aa07a98bc1cf56f4b9f62a0ba6eb9c7c66a8034d98be6d36e

Observation ac78044e-dab3-4b71-8400-051937b85328 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 59

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.548995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.548995Z digest=sha256:da4e7f598243a5b87c67f4ea2739bc3d4d20236afb3c5c0f5dee3b19b8c62cdf

Observation 3a5d51cf-581c-460c-be0e-7fe7e386ae6e · outbound

This paper cites Learning transferable visual models from natural lan- guage supervision.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Learning transferable visual models from natural lan- guage supervision

Reference 60

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.841645Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.553032Z digest=sha256:c4a8bfd2f12da487932b4f779f9a0c614efc3cf94b685eb1bc4250f899b01680

Observation 3aac7676-a16c-4342-96c0-98aeec9928b8 · outbound

This paper cites PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library

Reference 61

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.828570Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.556797Z digest=sha256:d018f5511a082ca3c2cda7d793cbc2d8d36ab2f7d57cc62e2789c8177cd886bd

Observation 7f3acc68-cb0b-47e9-a95c-f9c249b48f9a · outbound

This paper cites ZeRO: Memory optimizations toward training trillion parameter models.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning ZeRO: Memory optimizations toward training trillion parameter models

Reference 62

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.815205Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.561143Z digest=sha256:facb353dc3858c072f988378cfc819550d6f9d129ac56f8c56d1b0a00e1024a2

Observation e38b0444-5016-4c06-b589-ce62336d9e34 · outbound

This paper cites Multi-level protein structure pre-training with prompt learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Multi-level protein structure pre-training with prompt learning

Reference 63

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.801395Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.565032Z digest=sha256:1af69f958c5ffebc3d72b7d03fb3547deeade5ca50aa1ca06be064e3e390af3a

Observation 2295553a-98ae-41cd-933a-bb054c66384a · outbound

This paper cites Structure-aware protein self-supervised learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Structure-aware protein self-supervised learning

Reference 64

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.786445Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.569024Z digest=sha256:e1bc90f8c0f5c6ef3090d26c2db9cb982d6bc532f21a9e993ac4a6276bbe30c2

Observation 4273a85d-7b41-41c8-ae64-05c1a467f17a · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing protein lan- guage model with structure-based encoder and pre-training.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Enhancing protein lan- guage model with structure-based encoder and pre-training

Reference 65

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.771751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.572895Z digest=sha256:77a1372fb95448f933fc49d6706989ee237efb945255dba5eaf4f73fe7dfab34

Observation 63c0809d-c549-49dc-9065-2afe24fccf40 · outbound

This paper cites Pre-training Sequence, Structure, and Surface Features for Comprehensive Protein Representation Learning.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Pre-training Sequence, Structure, and Surface Features for Comprehensive Protein Representation Learning

Reference 66

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.758250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:37:17.576832Z digest=sha256:35165ebe1c64f7c78bb77cdf5a2e8acc10fa4bdaf36c84ebe9c22ef37a53bb44

Observation 29adb416-8607-46bf-a535-c04994b6a7f9 · outbound

This paper cites ProstT5: Bilingual Language Model for Protein Sequence and Structure.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning ProstT5: Bilingual Language Model for Protein Sequence and Structure

Reference 67

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Observation cbb43b8a-dff8-4d23-95ca-a1c12475fe2c · outbound

This paper cites Pre-training Antibody Language Models for Antigen-Specific Computational Antibody Design.

S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning Pre-training Antibody Language Models for Antigen-Specific Computational Antibody Design

Reference 68

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T16:37:17.730381Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

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Pith citing papers

Observation 948c2176-84e2-46d9-85a8-1d957d7f09ae · inbound

Antigen-specific Antibody Multi-modal Foundation Model for Functional Antibody Design cites this paper.

Antigen-specific Antibody Multi-modal Foundation Model for Functional Antibody Design S$^2$ALM: Sequence-Structure Pre-trained Large Language Model for Comprehensive Antibody Representation Learning

Reference 70

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T10:59:18.988161Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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