Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 10 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2210.15424.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T10:59:50.770942Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-18T01:35:21.345442Z
Reference resolution
0 of 0 outbound references displayed
- verified exact0
- verified fuzzy0
- unresolved0
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.
Pith citing papers
Observation 61e030e2-6750-4d34-8d0e-a272c29193ed · inbound
Pythia: A Suite for Analyzing Large Language Models Across Training and Scaling cites this paper.
Pythia: A Suite for Analyzing Large Language Models Across Training and Scaling What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 232
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T17:45:17.998688Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 1d76c07f-1ff9-4630-a381-4bb3ff401c88 · inbound
Scaling Data-Constrained Language Models cites this paper.
Scaling Data-Constrained Language Models What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 104
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T01:35:21.348948Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 988db356-63c8-4340-897a-92518cfc7e01 · inbound
The Falcon Series of Open Language Models cites this paper.
The Falcon Series of Open Language Models What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 90
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-16T09:46:10.119349Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 8e9d6a9b-80c6-4f3d-a745-da2f5c871800 · inbound
StarCoder 2 and The Stack v2: The Next Generation cites this paper.
StarCoder 2 and The Stack v2: The Next Generation What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 270
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T17:28:22.683849Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation cfd28a2c-8728-4634-9af2-5ed19faba107 · inbound
Mix-LN: Unleashing the Power of Deeper Layers by Combining Pre-LN and Post-LN cites this paper.
Mix-LN: Unleashing the Power of Deeper Layers by Combining Pre-LN and Post-LN What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T12:53:33.472454Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dd4fec3b-5f25-4c4d-860d-e6cf23ba19dc · inbound
YuLan-Mini: An Open Data-efficient Language Model cites this paper.
YuLan-Mini: An Open Data-efficient Language Model What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 87
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T05:17:55.834003Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 69231a50-059b-4c37-96f3-12b761480a4a · inbound
SPAM: Spike-Aware Adam with Momentum Reset for Stable LLM Training cites this paper.
SPAM: Spike-Aware Adam with Momentum Reset for Stable LLM Training What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 16
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:56:25.892133Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 053e27b0-90d8-4de3-bdbf-9800e74e486f · inbound
LLM360 K2: Building a 65B 360-Open-Source Large Language Model from Scratch cites this paper.
LLM360 K2: Building a 65B 360-Open-Source Large Language Model from Scratch What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 114
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:54:02.378178Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4df4f656-6100-4cdc-a03e-1fbc6acb3228 · inbound
GreenMind: A Next-Generation Vietnamese Large Language Model for Structured and Logical Reasoning cites this paper.
GreenMind: A Next-Generation Vietnamese Large Language Model for Structured and Logical Reasoning What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 14
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T10:59:50.770942Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a65fb9e5-510a-45de-9c7b-e09761f73eb6 · inbound
SoftSignSGD(S3): An Enhanced Optimizer for Practical DNN Training and Loss Spikes Minimization Beyond Adam cites this paper.
SoftSignSGD(S3): An Enhanced Optimizer for Practical DNN Training and Loss Spikes Minimization Beyond Adam What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Reference 39
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:10:16.567629Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.