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Beautiful and Charming Energy Correlators
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Understanding the detailed structure of energy flow within jets, a field known as jet substructure, plays a central role in searches for new physics, and precision studies of QCD. Many applications of jet substructure require an understanding of jets initiated by heavy quarks, whose description has lagged behind remarkable recent progress for massless jets. In this Letter, we initiate a study of correlation functions of energy flow operators on beauty and charm jets to illuminate the effects of the intrinsic mass of the elementary particles of QCD. We present a factorization theorem incorporating the mass of heavy quarks, and show that the heavy quark jet functions for energy correlators have a simple structure in perturbation theory. Our results achieve the very first full next-to-leading-logarithmic calculation of the heavy quark jet substructure observable at the LHC. Using this framework, we study the behavior of the correlators, and show that they exhibit a clear transition from a massless scaling regime, at precisely the scale of the heavy quark mass. This manifests the long-sought-after dead-cone effect and illustrates fundamental effects from the intrinsic mass of beauty and charm quarks in a perturbative regime, before they are confined inside hadrons. Our theoretical framework for studying energy correlators using heavy jets has many exciting applications for improving the description of mass effects in next generation parton shower event generators, probing the QGP, and studying heavy flavor fragmentation functions.
Forward citations
Cited by 10 Pith papers
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Photon-Tagged Energy Flow in Inclusive Endpoint $B$ Decays
A new photon-tagged angular energy correlator in inclusive B→X_sγ factorizes at leading power into the standard shape function and a newly computed measured jet function, enabling angular tests of endpoint factorization.
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High precision heavy-boson-jet substructure with energy correlators
The EEC peak in boosted Z jets is the Sudakov back-to-back region of the Z-pole EEC seen through a Lorentz boost, determined by one Lorentz-invariant shape function and computable at N3LL'.
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Energy-Energy Correlator at Hadron Colliders: Celestial Blocks and Singularities
First analytic leading-order calculation of the full-angle energy-energy correlator in hadron collisions, with celestial block decomposition and Regge-limit factorization.
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Benchmarking the Nearside Energy-Energy Correlators with Mellin Transform
A Mellin-transform framework with one fitted transition scale Λ describes nearside EECs in e+e− annihilation at NNLO+NNLL accuracy across ALEPH and earlier data.
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Dissecting Parton Showers with Multi-Point Energy Correlators
Projections of four-point energy correlators cleanly separate spin from kinematic azimuthal correlations inside jets; spin effects are subdominant in accessible LHC kinematics.
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Heavy Quark Pair Energy Correlators: From Profiling Partonic Splittings to Probing Heavy-Flavor Fragmentation
Heavy-flavor energy-energy correlators isolate the gluon to heavy quark-antiquark splitting and are predicted to be sensitive to medium modifications and anisotropic quark-gluon plasma structure.
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Factorization and Resummation for the Nearside Energy-Energy Correlators
A new all-order resummation formula in Fourier b_T-space for the nearside energy-energy correlator, derived from di-hadron fragmentation functions, matches fixed-order calculations and predicts a small-angle turnover.
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Heavy Flavor Jet Substructure at Lepton Colliders
NLL-accurate predictions for heavy-flavor energy correlation functions and jet angularities in e+e- collisions show all tested Monte Carlo generators overestimate the dead-cone suppression.
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Energy-energy correlators in small and large systems
ALICE reports energy-energy correlator measurements in pp and p-Pb collisions, including a dead-cone suppression in D0-tagged jets.
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Probing flavor effects in QCD showers with heavy-flavor jets
A review of three ALICE measurements showing how charm-quark mass and color charge affect jet substructure in QCD showers.
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