Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 38 of 38 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2602.09388.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2602.09388 v2

Coverage vector

measured 38 of 38 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:48.059465Z

measured 38 of 38 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

38 of 38 outbound references displayed

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verified fuzzy0
unresolved38
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External citation measurements

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Outbound references

Observation 6302e41d-421c-43d2-a377-0d913b010418 · outbound

This paper cites A primer on pretrained multilingual language models,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages A primer on pretrained multilingual language models,

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.276964Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation e17921be-d3ad-4a07-b693-6814d3c7f37c · outbound

This paper cites Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding,

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.307662Z

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Observation 82dab3a0-117d-416e-871e-33cd722d527d · outbound

This paper cites “cloze procedure.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages “cloze procedure

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.348470Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation dc9e9b6f-1ac8-4f78-a8eb-fe0fc5b2d70b · outbound

This paper cites Cross-lingual language model pretraining,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Cross-lingual language model pretraining,

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.382305Z

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Observation 8bb038b4-f06c-4cc9-aff9-a226507205fb · outbound

This paper cites Unsupervisedcross-lingualrepresentationlearningatscale,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Unsupervisedcross-lingualrepresentationlearningatscale,

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.429905Z

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Observation e38c37ac-6877-4f39-b748-bcf09aeb0517 · outbound

This paper cites mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.473548Z

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Observation acb405a9-d532-4041-8f71-5f3170fe8994 · outbound

This paper cites Mass: Masked sequence to sequence pre-training for language generation.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Mass: Masked sequence to sequence pre-training for language generation

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.505952Z

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Observation 2c474166-a4e7-4911-91f6-4e8a01cec968 · outbound

This paper cites Multifit: Efficient multi-lingual language model fine-tuning,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Multifit: Efficient multi-lingual language model fine-tuning,

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.539395Z

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Observation c803cf82-2d51-437b-bbc6-9e700ac9c128 · outbound

This paper cites Unicoder: A universal language encoder by pre-training with multiple cross-lingual tasks.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Unicoder: A universal language encoder by pre-training with multiple cross-lingual tasks

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.573532Z

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Observation 722e883e-b43a-4e0c-964b-c25c6bc7229d · outbound

This paper cites Multilingual denoising pre-training for neural machine translation,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Multilingual denoising pre-training for neural machine translation,

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.615205Z

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Observation 3cdfd20c-cc79-4eba-835d-40c1a9500faf · outbound

This paper cites mgpt: Few-shot learners go multilingual,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages mgpt: Few-shot learners go multilingual,

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.648489Z

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Observation 529272e5-4ad9-4e26-b2c9-634f5d9d8c98 · outbound

This paper cites 75languages,1model:Parsinguniversaldependenciesuniversally,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages 75languages,1model:Parsinguniversaldependenciesuniversally,

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.673869Z

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Observation 90b92801-970c-4b6f-abaf-ececd368aafa · outbound

This paper cites Ernie-m:Enhancedmultilingualrepresentationbyaligningcross-lingual semanticswithmonolingualcorpora,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Ernie-m:Enhancedmultilingualrepresentationbyaligningcross-lingual semanticswithmonolingualcorpora,

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.704254Z

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Observation 0b191ae0-84e0-4671-8c53-11664ba2adc7 · outbound

This paper cites Beyondenglish-centric multilingual machine translation,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Beyondenglish-centric multilingual machine translation,

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.735722Z

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Observation cf83b49a-73e2-4492-a485-35c5ae32b4d5 · outbound

This paper cites Ethnologue: Languages of the world,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Ethnologue: Languages of the world,

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.776247Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b608321d-e14b-45c9-a8a8-b5948604ee3a · outbound

This paper cites How to adapt your pretrained multilingual model to 1600 languages,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages How to adapt your pretrained multilingual model to 1600 languages,

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.808156Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 37734538-7543-49d4-877d-e3dd48601129 · outbound

This paper cites Expandingpretrainedmodelstothousandsmorelanguagesvialexicon-basedadaptation,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Expandingpretrainedmodelstothousandsmorelanguagesvialexicon-basedadaptation,

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.839540Z

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Observation 74e18e0b-4673-4912-8975-6b169b985bfc · outbound

This paper cites FOCUS: Effective Embedding Initialization for Monolingual Specialization of Multilingual Models.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages FOCUS: Effective Embedding Initialization for Monolingual Specialization of Multilingual Models

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.878942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 930522d5-439d-40bb-8271-fc001b9c6293 · outbound

This paper cites Extending multilingual bert to low-resource languages,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Extending multilingual bert to low-resource languages,

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.912291Z

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Observation e45dcf4e-d1db-444d-b0fa-9aa738775035 · outbound

This paper cites The johns hopkins university bible corpus: 1600+ tongues for typological exploration,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages The johns hopkins university bible corpus: 1600+ tongues for typological exploration,

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.941661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e2ae5a99-c75d-48c5-b060-945a9825829e · outbound

This paper cites Learningmultiplevisualdomainswithresidualadapters,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Learningmultiplevisualdomainswithresidualadapters,

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:46.993919Z

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Observation 462223fe-77a0-4712-aed5-5fd7a7d0e326 · outbound

This paper cites Load what you need: Smaller versions of mutililingual bert,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Load what you need: Smaller versions of mutililingual bert,

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.024839Z

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Observation fcae864c-f3d8-4d4c-b978-7ea99e76e51f · outbound

This paper cites Wechsel: Effective initialization of subword embeddings for cross-lingual transfer of monolingual language models,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Wechsel: Effective initialization of subword embeddings for cross-lingual transfer of monolingual language models,

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.084926Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c2ee8599-d3e9-42f0-a668-900a16c3f331 · outbound

This paper cites A survey of cross-lingual word embedding models,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages A survey of cross-lingual word embedding models,

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.888935Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 36c8345a-c652-49d2-9ddd-46d676738104 · outbound

This paper cites From english to foreign languages: transferring pre-trained language models,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages From english to foreign languages: transferring pre-trained language models,

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.925423Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 9f049092-a963-48f2-b758-6be33676ecdb · outbound

This paper cites Subword mapping and anchoring across languages,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Subword mapping and anchoring across languages,

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.938883Z

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Observation 12dc101d-a3a0-4a0b-972a-a1a908cc9723 · outbound

This paper cites As good as new. how to successfully recycle english gpt-2 to make models for other languages,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages As good as new. how to successfully recycle english gpt-2 to make models for other languages,

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.951745Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 516fca40-e797-47a4-8d1a-599955cb5e30 · outbound

This paper cites Arealllanguagescreatedequalinmultilingualbert?.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Arealllanguagescreatedequalinmultilingualbert?

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.964450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 445a3f97-6d63-4865-a559-63540efb1d10 · outbound

This paper cites Improving pre-trained multilingual model with vocabulary expansion,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Improving pre-trained multilingual model with vocabulary expansion,

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.974721Z

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Observation b130ee0c-8bed-41cf-8a61-68da654f38df · outbound

This paper cites Lorelei language packs: Data, tools, and resources for technology development in low resource languages,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Lorelei language packs: Data, tools, and resources for technology development in low resource languages,

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.985452Z

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Observation 06dd8f56-006a-44ef-a0d0-50c88474fbe9 · outbound

This paper cites Massively multilingual word embeddings.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Massively multilingual word embeddings

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:47.993789Z

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Observation 39cc9694-a598-4aa0-a9a1-a34eb3daf3c5 · outbound

This paper cites Learning multilingual word embeddings in latent metric space: a geometric approach,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Learning multilingual word embeddings in latent metric space: a geometric approach,

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:48.006670Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 2d54bb50-af0a-4019-b2ba-201b5a24eeca · outbound

This paper cites Generalizing procrustes analysis for better bilingual dictionary induction,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Generalizing procrustes analysis for better bilingual dictionary induction,

Reference 33

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Observation bc858a42-d16d-402a-a3b0-4fdb5c4e55ef · outbound

This paper cites Enriching word vectors with subword information,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Enriching word vectors with subword information,

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:48.026659Z

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Observation 8dfaaf42-8638-4252-88ea-1355dcea343d · outbound

This paper cites A generalized solution of the orthogonal procrustes problem,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages A generalized solution of the orthogonal procrustes problem,

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:48.037059Z

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Observation e5edcbea-17f1-49f7-be4f-c03947f53b59 · outbound

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Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Word translation without parallel data,

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:48.043663Z

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Observation ab72a64a-d15a-40e5-a59e-e44a36db9972 · outbound

This paper cites Are all good word vector spaces isomorphic?.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Are all good word vector spaces isomorphic?

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:48.050180Z

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Observation fe966119-13f6-4412-aecd-6d753ff90436 · outbound

This paper cites Xtreme: A massively multilingual multi-task benchmark for evaluating cross-lingual generalization,.

Effective vocabulary expansion of multilingual language models for extremely low-resource languages Xtreme: A massively multilingual multi-task benchmark for evaluating cross-lingual generalization,

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:57:48.059465Z

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Pith citing papers

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