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Tomography of pions and protons via transverse momentum dependent distributions
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abstract
We perform the first simultaneous extraction of parton collinear and transverse degrees of freedom from low-energy fixed-target Drell-Yan data in order to compare the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the pion and proton. We demonstrate that the transverse separation of the quark field encoded in TMDs of the pion is more than $4 \sigma$ smaller than that of the proton. Additionally, we find the transverse separation of the quark field decreases as its longitudinal momentum fraction decreases. In studying the nuclear modification of TMDs, we find clear evidence for a transverse EMC effect. We comment on possible explanations for these intriguing behaviors, which call for a deeper examination of tomography in a variety of strongly interacting quark-gluon systems.
Forward citations
Cited by 3 Pith papers
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First simultaneous global QCD analysis of kaon and pion parton distributions with lattice QCD constraints
First simultaneous pion+kaon PDF fit with lattice constraints finds kaon valence anti-up softer than pion's and strange valence more peaked at high x.
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New insights from the flavor dependence of quark transverse momentum distributions in the pion
First flavor-dependent extraction of unpolarized quark TMDs in the pion, finding a wider transverse momentum tail for valence d quarks than for sea quarks, with large uncertainties.
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The 3D structure of the Nucleon in momentum space: TMD phenomenology
A review showing unpolarized quark TMD fits now reach collinear-PDF-like precision, while polarized and gluon TMDs remain less constrained.
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