Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection

As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 44 of 44 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2501.02295.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.02295 v4

Coverage vector

measured 44 of 44 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.805274Z

measured 45 of 45 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-30T16:59:25.825681Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-30T17:04:57.540065Z

Reference resolution

44 of 44 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy1
unresolved42
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation b107d93a-aa0c-4d6a-bb78-a52642f475b2 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.604050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 95483aa9-29c6-4adc-84d1-904dc5fda1c0 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.609654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 41ec9801-ab82-4d43-83fb-5b3d495162d5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.615278Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a7d6948b-141a-4210-ba8e-636e325c01e4 · outbound

This paper cites Understanding the Interplay of Scale, Data, and Bias in Language Models: A Case Study with BERT.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Understanding the Interplay of Scale, Data, and Bias in Language Models: A Case Study with BERT

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.620401Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 665c431c-ee59-41f9-8b3b-e33b25279234 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Implicit Bias in Explicitly Unbiased Large Language Models.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Measuring Implicit Bias in Explicitly Unbiased Large Language Models

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.625804Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d5946193-ef6d-4a7e-8433-c1dc87f29bf9 · outbound

This paper cites Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.630752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f451f278-aabe-4388-b4d6-bdba4183e2bb · outbound

This paper cites Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.635490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2e6efff7-b1c9-48dc-b8c7-3bbe96759064 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.443986Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation c7efb71b-1a87-4b89-bf72-bfae2c2861d5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.645150Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 638cf8ac-9b6d-4167-ab70-98c201f85aa0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.649528Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b2a9b9be-9de8-4a5f-bddb-04bfc6cff4fc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.653693Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 54e655f6-63d6-4e57-b739-76d6f9d3450f · outbound

This paper cites Gonzalez, and Ion Stoica.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Gonzalez, and Ion Stoica

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.411482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 7b52677c-fa1e-4b68-a038-b1265304a264 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.396501Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 2ef452c8-75f6-4275-8962-bc9f98f6152b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.380637Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 2348644a-64a9-495b-8629-c1c49de42a0a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.366639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 309f5011-dc1f-4e37-a79f-880317a1863c · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.676086Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c5cb5273-24f3-43b9-a98e-2e78ea4f55eb · outbound

This paper cites The Capacity for Moral Self-Correction in Large Language Models.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection The Capacity for Moral Self-Correction in Large Language Models

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.680475Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 145ca609-6f34-492d-a94d-f8f41e0d7a77 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.352204Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 211a96b3-2c14-4836-80dd-40277dc6a78b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.689867Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0ba6cac4-b910-450b-b0f7-00becb7279c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.337822Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 428c0e0d-0768-4ffe-90bd-8ae9c43b63be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.700458Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a1debf6f-b89d-46d5-9ac6-f7c814a822c1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.704932Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation efcea8d8-f3f0-452d-ad8c-8e52431ee013 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4o System Card.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection GPT-4o System Card

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.709362Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0ee1969b-1172-4875-bc7b-34e7961aa0e3 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.714322Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 50edc421-5efb-4bef-8a44-165cc78ad6c5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.718652Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ad31fc87-6323-4847-bba9-c643142a8dd6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.723395Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b6031192-dbd1-4ccf-9e6c-b1b483966b25 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.990778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 1083aee4-9c05-490b-84c0-c6dd10ceab98 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.732301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c0f1f5b3-e3ac-4357-aaeb-a8db7e70c5d7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.736453Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 73612246-3bd6-4274-9eb9-974464516bfb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.271964Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation c2e9795c-975d-4380-a960-043b990d5fe2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.257829Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation cb86afc3-5ce1-497e-b98b-cf40d2cdf40d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.749368Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 46bd8342-2a4b-44f3-9eeb-e7266c80fb1e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.753759Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0aeb359d-e791-4f85-a72d-90bb24417b33 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.758301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 117cc6e2-d0ba-4d72-9c0b-e164f30c5021 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.762626Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bd3cbc2e-1b13-4f19-a165-99b5164371b4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.767422Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a51de733-ebc3-418b-bdaf-a60a1616d1a4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.206952Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 8616e321-3b4b-4461-b80f-c13d2d6b44d2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:06.191678Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 654b322e-a325-4f55-b53e-4337c975ee5a · outbound

This paper cites Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.780654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c497ccc9-59f7-4e24-8037-bf863b7df7c8 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.785247Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fef08bab-e54e-46b1-acc2-4fe866fbc39c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.790013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 602df536-85d7-40d4-98cc-a7f90932e51b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.795752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1fcff71b-ec30-4471-9445-17885765cc97 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.800374Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 05ae8c87-42ba-4cef-8aef-fff727c4d7bb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T22:18:05.805274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation f5621557-9bce-42d0-9828-b3994d7a15d1 · inbound

A Survey of Large Language Models for Perception and Measurement of Human Psychology cites this paper.

A Survey of Large Language Models for Perception and Measurement of Human Psychology Explicit vs. Implicit: Investigating Social Bias in Large Language Models through Self-Reflection

Reference 150

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T17:04:57.541734Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.