Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs

As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 23 of 23 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.18332.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.18332 v1

Coverage vector

measured 23 of 23 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:40.274729Z

measured 24 of 24 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T19:45:52.933522Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T19:45:53.232647Z

Reference resolution

23 of 23 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy3
unresolved19
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 405bb342-b6ab-4809-b747-ea0c4bdf1960 · outbound

This paper cites Dominic Edelmann, Tamás F Móri, and Gábor J Székely.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Dominic Edelmann, Tamás F Móri, and Gábor J Székely

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:37.803451Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f90b11d6-7100-411b-96f5-46551fe6ad64 · outbound

This paper cites Kai Kugler, Simon Münker, Johannes Höhmann, and Achim Rettinger.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Kai Kugler, Simon Münker, Johannes Höhmann, and Achim Rettinger

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:38.184531Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e1b153f3-dcfb-4886-a998-338e1fd4d020 · outbound

This paper cites Sentence Embedding Leaks More Information than You Expect: Generative Embedding Inversion Attack to Recover the Whole Sentence.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Sentence Embedding Leaks More Information than You Expect: Generative Embedding Inversion Attack to Recover the Whole Sentence

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:38.358259Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f3e2e271-3360-47be-86b0-cda2b71c51cc · outbound

This paper cites Nimbus: Secure and Efficient Two-Party Inference for Transformers.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Nimbus: Secure and Efficient Two-Party Inference for Transformers

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:38.487443Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5452b8ae-69ed-42d8-88b7-90ece172ad6c · outbound

This paper cites CENTAUR: Bridging the Impossible Trinity of Privacy, Efficiency, and Performance in Privacy-Preserving Transformer Inference.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs CENTAUR: Bridging the Impossible Trinity of Privacy, Efficiency, and Performance in Privacy-Preserving Transformer Inference

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:38.596035Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25b075a5-ca98-4f95-a209-9c46046671a6 · outbound

This paper cites Guilherme Penedo, Hynek Kydlíˇcek, Loubna Ben allal, Anton Lozhkov, Margaret Mitchell, Colin Raffel, Leandro V on Werra, and Thomas Wolf.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Guilherme Penedo, Hynek Kydlíˇcek, Loubna Ben allal, Anton Lozhkov, Margaret Mitchell, Colin Raffel, Leandro V on Werra, and Thomas Wolf

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:41.947472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation a97d5fb2-cecf-4536-ae27-1ce8453ca5c6 · outbound

This paper cites The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:38.867121Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 929a1d1c-b476-4d16-a7e9-1d1afb04d445 · outbound

This paper cites Impacts of floating-point non-associativity on reproducibility for HPC and deep learning applications.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Impacts of floating-point non-associativity on reproducibility for HPC and deep learning applications

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:38.943566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 050b391d-a856-4244-afc2-0ba3363dbee4 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:39.213094Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9a5408b3-a5ba-4a16-880f-4a59dd712917 · outbound

This paper cites URLhttps://www.nature.com/articles/ s41591-023-02459-w.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs URLhttps://www.nature.com/articles/ s41591-023-02459-w

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:39.308441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b318fd1f-c2be-4027-986a-080307085676 · outbound

This paper cites Information Leakage from Embedding in Large Language Models.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Information Leakage from Embedding in Large Language Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:39.430162Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6cf0fa41-4653-4cd8-972e-bb45c3fbf5fa · outbound

This paper cites LiveBench: A Challenging, Contamination-Limited LLM Benchmark.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs LiveBench: A Challenging, Contamination-Limited LLM Benchmark

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:39.534397Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6e0adb27-92b2-4168-becf-b61cb126c5b8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:41.694067Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 330888a8-3dba-4f7f-892f-579af943c615 · outbound

This paper cites Secure Transformer Inference Protocol.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Secure Transformer Inference Protocol

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:39.900830Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1dabbc83-2d3e-4d86-b13e-b26bf1efe134 · outbound

This paper cites Multilingual Machine Translation with Large Language Models: Empirical Results and Analysis.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Multilingual Machine Translation with Large Language Models: Empirical Results and Analysis

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:40.028865Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eff3107f-0396-4048-af88-450eddb49230 · outbound

This paper cites Theorem 2.F or any δ >0, there exist random variables W, X, Y, Zsuch that Discorr(W, X)> Discorr(Y, Z), the pair(W, X)is notδ-reconstructible, and the pair(Y, Z)isδ-reconstructible.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Theorem 2.F or any δ >0, there exist random variables W, X, Y, Zsuch that Discorr(W, X)> Discorr(Y, Z), the pair(W, X)is notδ-reconstructible, and the pair(Y, Z)isδ-reconstructible

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:41.376947Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation c63babae-7383-4e11-ab10-fb8c2e85a9cc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:41.174748Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 217ae278-409a-4d07-8c3e-89c7f9dc1258 · outbound

This paper cites Mu Yuan, Lan Zhang, and Xiang-Yang Li.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Mu Yuan, Lan Zhang, and Xiang-Yang Li

Reference 1982

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:39.788862Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 024fa13c-e315-4233-bde3-47fe306704ee · outbound

This paper cites ISBN 0897912217.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs ISBN 0897912217

Reference 1987

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:37.953011Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4091a69d-26ae-4ade-8ac2-cfdbf4d6f9d3 · outbound

This paper cites ISBN 9781450370899.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs ISBN 9781450370899

Reference 2020

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:39.081987Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bc9668f2-dcb5-465a-9d20-52d2ab5d015f · outbound

This paper cites Theodore W Anderson.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Theodore W Anderson

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:37.643481Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5b5acde4-26de-487e-a48c-f2c938fb5c45 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:38.067869Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d81059e1-18c2-4a00-89b7-394f4a7964f4 · outbound

This paper cites Ye Dong, Wen jie Lu, Yancheng Zheng, Haoqi Wu, Derun Zhao, Jin Tan, Zhicong Huang, Cheng Hong, Tao Wei, and Wenguang Chen.

An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs Ye Dong, Wen jie Lu, Yancheng Zheng, Haoqi Wu, Derun Zhao, Jin Tan, Zhicong Huang, Cheng Hong, Tao Wei, and Wenguang Chen

Reference 2025

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:38:42.175429Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 8025759c-1d9d-4b83-9e27-0aa6c46d9597 · inbound

Cascade: Token-Sharded Private LLM Inference cites this paper.

Cascade: Token-Sharded Private LLM Inference An Attack to Break Permutation-Based Private Third-Party Inference Schemes for LLMs

Reference 21

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T19:45:53.239409Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.